Factors controlling meal length and herbage intake rate by grazing sheep

Penning, P. D., Orr, R. J., Parsons, A. J. and Rutter, S. M. 1993. Factors controlling meal length and herbage intake rate by grazing sheep. Proceedings of the Third International Congress on Applied Ethology, July 1993, Berlin, Germany. Humboldt University, Berlin. pp. 498-500

Related outputs

Livestock Performance for Sheep and Cattle Grazing Lowland Permanent Pasture: Benchmarking Potential of Forage-Based Systems

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Orr, R. J., Griffith, B. A., Rivero-Viera, J. and Lee, M. R. F. 2019. Livestock Performance for Sheep and Cattle Grazing Lowland Permanent Pasture: Benchmarking Potential of Forage-Based Systems . Agronomy. 9 (2), p. 101. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9020101

Reemplazo de una pradera permanente y su efecto en el primer año en una lechería comercial

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Rivero-Viera, J., Orr, R. J., Coumbe, J., Willson, B., Evans, J. and Lee, M. R. F. 2018. Reemplazo de una pradera permanente y su efecto en el primer año en una lechería comercial . Agro Sur. 46 (1), pp. 3-12. https://doi.org/10.4206/agrosur.2018.v46n1-02

Creating productive diverse grassland for multi-ecosystem services: an example of agri-environment schemes policies driven by science in United Kingdom

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Beaumont, D. A., Griffith, B. A., Dunn, R. M., Orr, R. J., Rivero-Viera, J., Woodcock, B., Pywell, R. and Tallowin, J. R. B. 2018. Creating productive diverse grassland for multi-ecosystem services: an example of agri-environment schemes policies driven by science in United Kingdom. Agro Sur. 46 (2), pp. 3-5. https://doi.org/10.4206/agrosur.2018.v46n2-02

Data to calculate emissions intensity for individual beef cattle reared on pasture-based production systems

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

McAuliffe, G. A., Takahashi, T., Orr, R. J., Harris, P. and Lee, M. R. F. 2018. Data to calculate emissions intensity for individual beef cattle reared on pasture-based production systems. Data in Brief. 17, pp. 570-574. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2018.01.075

Roles of instrumented farm-scale trials in trade-off assessments of pasture-based ruminant production systems

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Takahashi, T., Harris, P., Blackwell, M. S. A., Cardenas, L. M., Collins, A. L., Dungait, J. A. J., Hawkins, J. M. B., Misselbrook, T. H., McAuliffe, G. A., McFadzean, J. N., Murray, P. J., Orr, R. J., Rivero, M. J., Wu, L. and Lee, M. R. F. 2018. Roles of instrumented farm-scale trials in trade-off assessments of pasture-based ruminant production systems. Animal. 12 (8), pp. 1766-1776. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731118000502

Distributions of emissions intensity for individual beef cattle reared on pasture-based production systems

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

McAuliffe, G. A., Takahashi, T., Orr, R. J., Harris, P. and Lee, M. R. F. 2018. Distributions of emissions intensity for individual beef cattle reared on pasture-based production systems. Journal of Cleaner Production. 171, pp. 1672-1680. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.10.113

An evaluation of the hysteresis in chemical concentration–discharge (C–Q) relationships from drained, intensively managed grasslands in southwest England

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Eludoyin, A. O., Griffith, B., Orr, R. J., Bol, R., Quine, T. A. and Brazier, R. E. 2017. An evaluation of the hysteresis in chemical concentration–discharge (C–Q) relationships from drained, intensively managed grasslands in southwest England. Hydrological Sciences Journal. 62 (8), pp. 1243-1254. https://doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2017.1313979

The North Wyke Farm Platform: effect of temperate grassland farming systems on soil moisture contents, runoff and associated water quality dynamics

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Orr, R. J., Murray, P. J., Eyles, C. J., Blackwell, M. S. A., Cardenas, L. M., Collins, A. L., Dungait, J. A. J., Goulding, K. W. T., Griffith, B. A., Gurr, S. J., Harris, P., Hawkins, J. M. B., Misselbrook, T. H., Rawlings, C. J., Shepherd, A., Sint, H. M., Takahashi, T., Tozer, K. N., Whitmore, A. P., Wu, L. and Lee, M. R. F. 2016. The North Wyke Farm Platform: effect of temperate grassland farming systems on soil moisture contents, runoff and associated water quality dynamics. European Journal of Soil Science. 67 (4), pp. 374-385. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.12350

Greenhouse gas emissions from a reseeded grassland on the North Wyke Farm Platform

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Dunn, R. M., Boden, J., Misselbrook, T. H., Orr, R. J., Griffith, B. A., Neale, J. and Cardenas, L. M. 2016. Greenhouse gas emissions from a reseeded grassland on the North Wyke Farm Platform. Abstracts International Conference on Steps to Sustainable Livestock, Bristol, 12-15 January 2016 .

Data mining the North Wyke Farm Platform data sets

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Harris, P., Griffith, B. A., Sint, H. M., Cardenas, L. M., Dungait, J. A. J., Orr, R. J. and Lee, M. R. F. 2016. Data mining the North Wyke Farm Platform data sets. Abstracts International Conference on Steps to Sustainable Livestock, Bristol, 12-15 January 2016 .

Contextualized geographically weighted principal components analysis for investigating baseline soils data on the North Wyke Farm Platform

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Harris, P., Howden, N. J. K., Peukert, S., Noacco, V., Ramezani, K., Tuominen, E., Eludoyin, B., Brazier, R., Shepherd, A., Griffith, B. A., Orr, R. J. and Murray, P. J. 2016. Contextualized geographically weighted principal components analysis for investigating baseline soils data on the North Wyke Farm Platform. Raju, N. J. (ed.) Geostatistical and Geospatial Approaches for the Characterization of Natural Resources in the Environment: Proceedings 16th Annual Conference of the International Association for Mathematical Geosciences, New Delhi, 17-20 October 2014 . Springer, Cham. pp. 651-655 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18663-4_99

The North Wyke Farm Platform, a UK national capability for research into sustainability of temperate agricultural grassland management: progress and developments

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Harris, P., Dungait, J. A. J., Griffith, B. A., Shepherd, A., Sint, H. M., Blackwell, M. S. A., Cardenas, L. M., Collins, A. L., Goulding, K. W. T., Lee, M. R. F. and Orr, R. J. 2015. The North Wyke Farm Platform, a UK national capability for research into sustainability of temperate agricultural grassland management: progress and developments. EGU.

Capturing the spatial variability of N2O emissions on grazed grasslands

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Cardenas, L. M., Dunn, R. M., Shepherd, A., Misselbrook, T. H., Orr, R. J., Griffith, B. A., Velazquez, A., Burak, E., Chen, K., Harris, P., Repullo, M. and Collins, A. L. 2015. Capturing the spatial variability of N2O emissions on grazed grasslands. Abstracts ASA/CSSA/SSSA International Annual Meeting Synergy in Science: Partnering for Solutions, Minneapolis, 15-18 November 2015 .

The North Wyke Farm Platform, a national capability for research into sustainability of temperate agricultural grassland management: data and modelling opportunities

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Harris, P., Griffith, B. A., Shepherd, A., Peukert, S., Hawkins, J. M. B., Elyes, C., Whitmore, A. P., Blackwell, M. S. A., Brazier, R. E., Cardenas, L. M., Wu, L., Dungait, J. A. J., Collins, A. L., Gurr, S. J., Murray, P. J., Goulding, K. W. T. and Orr, R. J. 2014. The North Wyke Farm Platform, a national capability for research into sustainability of temperate agricultural grassland management: data and modelling opportunities. Abstracts Tereno International Conference: from Observation to Prediction in Terrestrial Systems, Bonn, 29 September-2 October 2014 . pp. P2-07

Beef productivity on the North Wyke Farm Platform in two baseline years

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Thompson, J. B., Orr, R. J., Dungait, J. A. J., Murray, P. J. and Lee, M. R. F. 2014. Beef productivity on the North Wyke Farm Platform in two baseline years. Hopkins, A. (ed.) EGF at 50: the Future of European Grasslands. Proceedings of the 25th General Meeting of the European Grassland Federation, Aberystwyth, 7-11 September 2014 . pp. 644-646

Applications and issues of remote sensing by UAV to pasture agri-research on the North Wyke Farm Platform

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Shepherd, A., Harris, P., Orr, R. J., Griffith, B. A. and Jarman, M. 2014. Applications and issues of remote sensing by UAV to pasture agri-research on the North Wyke Farm Platform. Abstracts Annual Conference of the Remote Sensing and Photogrammetry Society (RSPSoc 2014), Aberystwyth, 2-5 September 2014 .

Geographically weighted principal components analysis for understanding spatial structure in data for sustainable grassland agriculture

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Harris, P., Shepherd, A., Orr, R. J., Griffith, B. A. and Murray, P. J. 2014. Geographically weighted principal components analysis for understanding spatial structure in data for sustainable grassland agriculture. Abstracts 16th Annual Conference of the International Association for Mathematical Geosciences (IAMG), New Delhi, 17-20 October 2014 .

Applications of high resolution remote sensing with spatial modelling for sustainable grassland agriculture

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Shepherd, A., Harris, P., Orr, R. J., Griffith, B. A. and Murray, P. J. 2014. Applications of high resolution remote sensing with spatial modelling for sustainable grassland agriculture. Abstracts 16th Annual Conference of the International Association for Mathematical Geosciences (IAMG), New Delhi, 17-20 October 2014 .

Enhancing floral resources for pollinators in productive agricultural grasslands

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Woodcock, B. A., Savage, J., Bullock, J. M., Nowakowski, M., Orr, R. J., Tallowin, J. R. B. and Pywell, R. F. 2014. Enhancing floral resources for pollinators in productive agricultural grasslands. Biological Conservation. 171, pp. 44-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2014.01.023

Effects of livestock breed and rearing experience on foraging behaviour of yearling beef cattle grazing unimproved grasslands

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Orr, R. J., Tallowin, J. R. B., Griffith, B. A. and Rutter, S. M. 2014. Effects of livestock breed and rearing experience on foraging behaviour of yearling beef cattle grazing unimproved grasslands. Grass and Forage Science. 69 (1), pp. 90-103. https://doi.org/10.1111/gfs.12030

The North Wyke Farm Platform: a new UK national capability for research into sustainability of agricultural temperate grassland management

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Murray, P. J., Griffith, B. A., Orr, R. J., Shepherd, A., Blackwell, M. S. A., Hawkins, J. M. B. and Peukert, S. 2013. The North Wyke Farm Platform: a new UK national capability for research into sustainability of agricultural temperate grassland management. Michalk, D. L. (ed.) Proceedings 22nd International Grassland Congress, Sydney, 15-19 September 2013 . New South Wales Dept of Primary Industry, Orange. pp. 1931-1933

The North Wyke Farm Platform - a new National Capability for investigating sustainable intensification of livestock production

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Murray, P. J., Griffith, B. A., Orr, R. J., Peukert, S. and Shepherd, A. 2013. The North Wyke Farm Platform - a new National Capability for investigating sustainable intensification of livestock production. Abstracts Conference on Sustainable Intensification: the Pathway to Low Carbon Farming? Edinburgh, 25-27 September 2013 . pp. 179-180

North Wyke Farm Platform: methodologies used in the remote sensing of the quantity and quality of drainage water

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Griffith, B. A., Hawkins, J. M. B., Orr, R. J., Blackwell, M. S. A. and Murray, P. J. 2013. North Wyke Farm Platform: methodologies used in the remote sensing of the quantity and quality of drainage water. Michalk, D. L. (ed.) Proceedings 22nd International Grassland Congress, Sydney, 15-19 September 2013 . New South Wales Dept of Primary Industry, Orange. pp. 1453-1455

Enhancing beetle and spider communities in agricultural grasslands: the roles of seed addition and habitat management

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Woodcock, B. A., Savage, J., Bullock, J. M., Nowakowski, M., Orr, R. J., Tallowin, J. R. B. and Pywell, R. F. 2013. Enhancing beetle and spider communities in agricultural grasslands: the roles of seed addition and habitat management. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment. 167, pp. 79-85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2013.01.009

Improved understanding of solute concentration-discharge dynamics through state-of-the-art antecedent moisture content (AMC) monitoring and analysis

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Eludoyin, A. O., Brazier, R., Quine, T., Bol, R., Orr, R. J. and Griffith, B. A. 2012. Improved understanding of solute concentration-discharge dynamics through state-of-the-art antecedent moisture content (AMC) monitoring and analysis. EGU.

Foraging paths through vegetation patches for beef cattle in semi-natural pastures

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Orr, R. J., Tozer, K. N., Griffith, B. A., Champion, R. A., Cook, J. E. and Rutter, S. M. 2012. Foraging paths through vegetation patches for beef cattle in semi-natural pastures. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 141 (1-2), pp. 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2012.07.003

Defaecation and urination behaviour in beef cattle grazing semi-natural grassland

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Orr, R. J., Griffith, B. A., Champion, R. A. and Cook, J. E. 2012. Defaecation and urination behaviour in beef cattle grazing semi-natural grassland. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 139, pp. 18-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2012.03.013

Ingestion and excretion of nitrogen and phosphorus by beef cattle under contrasting grazing intensities

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Orr, R. J., Griffith, B. A., Cook, J. E. and Champion, R. A. 2011. Ingestion and excretion of nitrogen and phosphorus by beef cattle under contrasting grazing intensities. Grass and Forage Science. 67 (1), pp. 111-118. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.2011.00826.x

Designing and creating the North Wyke Farm Platform

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Orr, R. J., Griffith, B. A., Rose, S., Hatch, D. J., Hawkins, J. M. B. and Murray, P. J. 2011. Designing and creating the North Wyke Farm Platform. Abstracts Catchment Science 2011, Dublin, 14-16 September 2011 . pp. 35

The North Wyke Farm Platform: a UK national capability for agri-environmental research

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Hatch, D. J., Murray, P. J., Orr, R. J. and Griffith, B. A. 2011. The North Wyke Farm Platform: a UK national capability for agri-environmental research. Agricultural Ecology Research: its Role in Delivering Sustainable Farm Systems. Aspects of Applied Biology 109 . pp. 115-118

Options for wide scale enhancement of grassland biodiversity under the Entry Level Scheme

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Pywell, R. F., Woodcock, B. A., Orr, R. J., Tallowin, J. R. B., Mcewen, I., Nowakowski, M. and Bullock, J. M. 2010. Options for wide scale enhancement of grassland biodiversity under the Entry Level Scheme. Agri-environment Schemes - What Have They Achieved and Where Do We Go From here? Aspects of Applied Biology 100 . pp. 125-131

Learning how to model ecosystem trade-offs at the farm scale

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Pilgrim, E. S., Macleod, C. J. A., Beaumont, D. A., Blackwell, M. S. A., Bol, R., Del Prado, A., Griffith, B. A., Orr, R. J., Shepherd, A., Wu, L. and Firbank, L. G. 2010. Learning how to model ecosystem trade-offs at the farm scale. Yang, W., Filatova, T., Rizzoli, A., Voinov, A. A. and Swayne, D. A. (ed.) Proceedings International Environmental Modelling and Software Society (iEMSs) 2010 International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software Modelling for Environment's Sake, Ottawa, 5-8 July 2010 . IEMSS. pp. 8pp

Relationship of bite mass of cattle to sward structure of four temperate grasses in short-term grazing sessions

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Soder, K. J., Sanderson, M. A., Gregorini, P., Orr, R. J., Rubano, M. D. and Rook, A. J. 2009. Relationship of bite mass of cattle to sward structure of four temperate grasses in short-term grazing sessions. Grass and Forage Science. 64, pp. 421-431. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.2009.00710.x

Use of a micro-sward technique for determining bite mass of four grass species in short-term tests

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Soder, K. J., Orr, R. J., Rubano, M. D. and Rook, A. J. 2009. Use of a micro-sward technique for determining bite mass of four grass species in short-term tests. Euphytica. 168, pp. 135-143. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-009-9907-6

Effect of breed, season and pasture moisture gradient on foraging behaviour in cattle on semi-natural grasslands

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Hessle, A., Rutter, S. M. and Wallin, K. 2008. Effect of breed, season and pasture moisture gradient on foraging behaviour in cattle on semi-natural grasslands. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 111, pp. 108-119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2007.05.017

Optimising nutrient use efficiency in beef cattle grazing lowland semi-natural pastures

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Orr, R. J. 2007. Optimising nutrient use efficiency in beef cattle grazing lowland semi-natural pastures.

Impacts of spatial patterns in pasture on animal grazing behaviour, intake and performance

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Chapman, D. F., Parsons, A. J., Cosgrove, G. P., Barker, D. J., Marotti, D. M., Venning, K. J., Rutter, S. M., Hill, J. and Thompson, A. N. 2007. Impacts of spatial patterns in pasture on animal grazing behaviour, intake and performance. Crop Science. 47 (1), pp. 399-415. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2006.01.0036

Optimising nutrient use efficiency in beef cattle grazing lowland semi-natural pastures

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Orr, R. J. 2006. Optimising nutrient use efficiency in beef cattle grazing lowland semi-natural pastures.

Communicating North Wyke research to others

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Hopkins, A., Murray, P. J., Bristow, A. W., Orr, R. J. and Laws, J. A. 2006. Communicating North Wyke research to others. IGER Innovations. 10, pp. 66-70.

Animal welfare at grazing

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Rutter, S. M. 2006. Animal welfare at grazing. Grass And Forage Farmer. (Summer), p. p10.

Using GPS animal tracking and vegetation mapping to estimate diet selection in cattle grazing semi-improved pastures

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Rutter, S. M., Griffith, B. A., Cook, J. E. and Champion, R. A. 2006. Using GPS animal tracking and vegetation mapping to estimate diet selection in cattle grazing semi-improved pastures. 40th International Congress of the International Society for Applied Ethology, Bristol, 8-12 August 2006.

Classifying cattle jaw movements: Comparing IGER Behaviour Recorder and acoustic techniques

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Ungar, E. D. and Rutter, S. M. 2006. Classifying cattle jaw movements: Comparing IGER Behaviour Recorder and acoustic techniques. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 98 (1-2), pp. 11-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2005.08.011

Diet preference for grass and legumes in free-ranging domestic sheep and cattle: current theory and future application

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Rutter, S. M. 2006. Diet preference for grass and legumes in free-ranging domestic sheep and cattle: current theory and future application. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 97 (1), pp. 17-35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2005.11.016

Impact of grazing management on botanical diversity of grasslands

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Tallowin, J. R. B., Rook, A. J. and Rutter, S. M. 2005. Impact of grazing management on botanical diversity of grasslands. Animal Science. 81 (2), pp. 193-198. https://doi.org/10.1079/ASC50780193

Improving the efficiency of utilisation of grass and legumes by grazing cattle and sheep

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Rutter, S. M. 2005. Improving the efficiency of utilisation of grass and legumes by grazing cattle and sheep.

Optimising nutrient use efficiency in beef cattle grazing lowland semi-natural pastures

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Orr, R. J. 2005. Optimising nutrient use efficiency in beef cattle grazing lowland semi-natural pastures.

Behavioural and community ecology: understanding mechanisms driving biodiversity in pasture-based systems

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Rook, A. J., Tallowin, J. R. B., Rutter, S. M., Orr, R. J., Hopkins, A. and Gibb, M. J. 2005. Behavioural and community ecology: understanding mechanisms driving biodiversity in pasture-based systems. IGER Innovations. 9, pp. 54-57.

A note on using electronic identification technology to measure the motivation of sheep to obtain resources at pasture

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Champion, R. A., Cook, J. E., Rook, A. J. and Rutter, S. M. 2005. A note on using electronic identification technology to measure the motivation of sheep to obtain resources at pasture. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 95 (1-2), pp. 79-87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2005.02.009

Impact of grazing management on botanical diversity of grasslands

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Tallowin, J. R. B., Rook, A. J. and Rutter, S. M. 2005. Impact of grazing management on botanical diversity of grasslands. Proceedings of British Society of Animal Science Annual Conference, York, 3-6 April 2005. pp. p244

The use of sub-metre GPS for the precise recording of the foraging behaviour of cattle

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Rutter, S. M., Rogers, A., Champion, R. A., Cook, J. E. and Matthews, L. R. 2005. The use of sub-metre GPS for the precise recording of the foraging behaviour of cattle. 39th International Congress of the ISAE, Sagamihara, Japan, 20-24 August, 2005.

Spatial scale of heterogeneity affects diet choice but not intake in beef cattle

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Rutter, S. M., Cook, J. E., Young, K. L. and Champion, R. A. 2005. Spatial scale of heterogeneity affects diet choice but not intake in beef cattle. Murphy, J. J. (ed.) International Grassland Congress Satellite Workshop, Cork, 3-6 July 2005.

Intake characteristics of diploid and tetraploid perennial ryegrass varieties when grazed by Simmental x Holstein yearling heifers under rotational management

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Orr, R. J., Cook, J. E., Young, K. L. and Rook, A. J. 2005. Intake characteristics of diploid and tetraploid perennial ryegrass varieties when grazed by Simmental x Holstein yearling heifers under rotational management. Murphy, J. J. (ed.) International Grassland Congress Satellite Workshop, Cork, 3-6 July 2005. pp. p151

Intake characteristics of perennial ryegrass varieties when grazed by yearling beef cattle under rotational grazing management

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Orr, R. J., Cook, J. E., Young, K. L., Champion, R. A. and Rutter, S. M. 2005. Intake characteristics of perennial ryegrass varieties when grazed by yearling beef cattle under rotational grazing management. Grass and Forage Science. 60 (2), pp. 157-167. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.2005.00463.x

Development of a micro-sward technique for determining intake characteristics of perennial ryegrass varieties

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Orr, R. J., Young, K. L., Cook, J. E. and Champion, R. A. 2005. Development of a micro-sward technique for determining intake characteristics of perennial ryegrass varieties. Euphytica. 141 (1-2), pp. 65-73. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-005-5365-y

Agronomic and nutritional qualities of grazed grass varieties: development of breeding tools and a new rapid-screening methodology

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Orr, R. J. 2004. Agronomic and nutritional qualities of grazed grass varieties: development of breeding tools and a new rapid-screening methodology.

Diet preference of lactating sarda ewes for annual ryegrass and sulla

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Rutter, S. M., Molle, G., Decandia, M. and Giovanett, V. 2004. Diet preference of lactating sarda ewes for annual ryegrass and sulla. Proceedings COST 852 Workshop on Adaptation and Managment of Forage Legumes: Strategies for Improved Reliability in Mixed Swards, Ystad, Sweden, 20-22 September 2004.

Focus on IGER North Wyke

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Rutter, S. M. and Orr, R. J. 2004. Focus on IGER North Wyke. Grass Farmer . Autumn, pp. 4-6.

Ingestive behaviour

B - Book chapters etc edited externally

Rutter, S. M. 2004. Ingestive behaviour. in: Penning, P. D. (ed.) Herbage Intake Handbook - 2nd ed British Grassland Society (BGS) Hurley. pp. 151-175

Bite dimensions and grazing movements by sheep and cattle grazing homogeneous perennial ryegrass swards

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Rook, A. J., Harvey, A., Parsons, A. J., Orr, R. J. and Rutter, S. M. 2004. Bite dimensions and grazing movements by sheep and cattle grazing homogeneous perennial ryegrass swards . Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 88 (3-4), pp. 227-242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2004.03.006

Diet preference in free-ranging ruminants: Current theory and future application

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Rutter, S. M. 2004. Diet preference in free-ranging ruminants: Current theory and future application. Plenary paper: 38th Inernational Congress of the International Society of Applied Ethology, Helsinki, Finland, 3-7 August 2004.

Foraging behaviour of sheep rotationally grazing annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum Gaudin)

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Molle, G., Decandia, M., Sitzia, M., Cabiddu, A., Fois, N., Ligios, S., Giovanetti, V. and Rutter, S. M. 2004. Foraging behaviour of sheep rotationally grazing annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum Gaudin). Luscher, A., Jeangros, B., Kessler, W., Huguenin, O., Lobsiger, M., Millar, N. and Suter, D. (ed.) Land use systems on grassland dominated regions. European Grassland Federation (EGF) 20th General Meeting, Luzern, Switzerland, 21-24 June 2004.

Relationships between morphological and chemical characteristics of perennial ryegrass varieties and intake by sheep under continuous stocking management

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Orr, R. J., Cook, J. E., Champion, R. A. and Rook, A. J. 2004. Relationships between morphological and chemical characteristics of perennial ryegrass varieties and intake by sheep under continuous stocking management. Grass and Forage Science. 59 (4), pp. 389-398. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.2004.00440.x

The effect of the spatial scale of heterogeneity of two herbage species on the grazing behaviour of lactating sheep

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Champion, R. A., Orr, R. J., Penning, P. D. and Rutter, S. M. 2004. The effect of the spatial scale of heterogeneity of two herbage species on the grazing behaviour of lactating sheep. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 88 (1-2), pp. 61-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2004.02.011

Dietary preference of dairy cows grazing ryegrass and white clover.

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Rutter, S. M., Orr, R. J., Yarrow, N. H. and Champion, R. A. 2004. Dietary preference of dairy cows grazing ryegrass and white clover. Journal of Dairy Science. 87 (5), pp. 1317-1324. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(04)73281-6

Changes in ingestive behaviour of yearling dairy heifers due to changes in sward state during grazing down of rotationally-stocked ryegrass or white clover pastures

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Orr, R. J., Rutter, S. M., Yarrow, N. H., Champion, R. A. and Rook, A. J. 2004. Changes in ingestive behaviour of yearling dairy heifers due to changes in sward state during grazing down of rotationally-stocked ryegrass or white clover pastures . Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 87 (3-4), pp. 205-222. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2004.01.009

Dietary preference of dairy heifers grazing ryegrass and white clover, with and without an anti-bloat treatment

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Rutter, S. M., Orr, J. R., Yarrow, N. H. and Champion, R. A. 2004. Dietary preference of dairy heifers grazing ryegrass and white clover, with and without an anti-bloat treatment. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 85 (1-2), pp. 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2003.09.005

Intake characteristics and plant traits for perennial ryegrass varieties grazed by sheep

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Orr, R. J. and Rook, A. J. 2003. Intake characteristics and plant traits for perennial ryegrass varieties grazed by sheep. Proceedings 'Crop Quality: Its role in sustainable livestock production', Association of Applied Biologists Conference, Manchester, 15-16 December 2003.

Agronomic and nutritional qualities of grazed grass varieties: development of breeding tools and a new rapid-screening methodology

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Orr, R. J. 2003. Agronomic and nutritional qualities of grazed grass varieties: development of breeding tools and a new rapid-screening methodology.

Improving the efficiency of utilisation of grass and legumes by grazing cattle and sheep

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Rutter, S. M. 2003. Improving the efficiency of utilisation of grass and legumes by grazing cattle and sheep.

Quantifying the damage wild deer cause to agricultural crops and pastures

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Rutter, S. M. 2003. Quantifying the damage wild deer cause to agricultural crops and pastures.

NIRS prediction of the intake characteristics of grass varieties continuously stocked with sheep

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Lister, S. J. and Orr, R. J. 2003. NIRS prediction of the intake characteristics of grass varieties continuously stocked with sheep. 7th British Grassland Society (BGS) Research Conference, Aberystwyth, 1-3 September 2003. pp. 67-68

New methods for identification and evaluation of intake characteristics of grass varieties

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Orr, R. J. and Cook, J. E. 2003. New methods for identification and evaluation of intake characteristics of grass varieties. IGER Innovations. 7, pp. 30-33.

Development of a sward box methodology for the rapid screening of bite mass in grass varieties intended for grazing

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Young, K. L., Cook, J. E., Champion, R. A. and Orr, R. J. 2003. Development of a sward box methodology for the rapid screening of bite mass in grass varieties intended for grazing. BGS Organising Committee (ed.) Proceedings 7th British Grassland Society (BGS) Research Meeting, Aberystwyth, UK, 1-3 September 2003. pp. 73-74

Morphological, chemical and intake characteristics of grass varieties grazed by sheep under continuous stocking management

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Cook, J. E., Champion, R. A. and Orr, R. J. 2003. Morphological, chemical and intake characteristics of grass varieties grazed by sheep under continuous stocking management. BGS Organising Committee (ed.) Proceedings 7th British Grassland Society (BGS) Research Conference, Aberystwyth, UK, 1-3 September 2003. pp. 21-22

Use of an operant method to study preference for perennial ryegrass or white clover by sheep

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Rook, A. J., Cook, J. E., Champion, R. A., Young, K. L. and Rutter, S. M. 2003. Use of an operant method to study preference for perennial ryegrass or white clover by sheep. Ferrante, V. (ed.) Proceedings 37th International Congress of the International Society for Applied Ethology, Abano Terme, Italy, 24-28 June 2003.

Quantifying the damage wild deer cause to agricultural crops

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Langbein, J. and Rutter, S. M. 2003. Quantifying the damage wild deer cause to agricultural crops. Goldberg, E. (ed.) Proceedings of the Future for Deer Conference, Buxton, Derbyshire, 28-29 March 2003.

Strip grazing separate white clover and ryegrass monocultures increases daily intake and milk yield in dairy cows

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Rutter, S. M., Young, K. L., Cook, J. E. and Champion, R. A. 2003. Strip grazing separate white clover and ryegrass monocultures increases daily intake and milk yield in dairy cows. Tropical and Subtropical Agroecosystems. 3, pp. 461-465.

Intake characteristics of perennial ryegrass varieties when grazed by sheep under continuous stocking management.

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Orr, R. J., Cook, J. E., Champion, R. A., Penning, P. D. and Rook, A. J. 2003. Intake characteristics of perennial ryegrass varieties when grazed by sheep under continuous stocking management. Euphytica. 134 (3), pp. 247-260. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:EUPH.0000004949.49050.78

Bites and chews in sheep: acoustic versus automatic recording

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Rutter, S. M., Ungar, E. D., Molle, G. and Decandia, M. 2002. Bites and chews in sheep: acoustic versus automatic recording. Abstract Proceedings European Intake Workshop X, Reykjavik, Iceland, 22-24 August 2002.

Intake and dietary choices by grazing ruminants, effects of time of day and water soluble carbohydrate content in forage

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Rook, A. J., Orr, R. J., Rutter, S. M. and Moorby, J. M. 2002. Intake and dietary choices by grazing ruminants, effects of time of day and water soluble carbohydrate content in forage. American Society of Agronomy Annual Meeting, Indianapolis, Nov 11-14 2002.

Daily yields increase with mixed diet of pure swards

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Rutter, S. M. 2002. Daily yields increase with mixed diet of pure swards. Farmers Weekly. 11 October, p. 38.

The effect of a total solar eclipse on the grazing behaviour of dairy cattle

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Rutter, S. M., Tainton, V., Champion, R. A. and Le Grice, P. 2002. The effect of a total solar eclipse on the grazing behaviour of dairy cattle. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 79 (4), pp. 273-283.

Behaviour of sheep and goats

B - Book chapters etc edited externally

Rutter, S. M. 2002. Behaviour of sheep and goats. in: Jensen, P. (ed.) Ethology of domestic animals - an introductory text CABI International, Wallingford, Oxon (CABI). pp. 145-158

Ingestive behaviour of heifers grazing monocultures of ryegrass or white clover

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Rutter, S. M., Orr, R. J., Penning, P. D., Yarrow, N. H. and Champion, R. A. 2002. Ingestive behaviour of heifers grazing monocultures of ryegrass or white clover. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 76 (1), pp. 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1591(01)00205-2

Effect of long-term changes in relative resource availability on dietary preference of sheep for perennial ryegrass and white clover

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Rook, A. J., Harvey, A., Parsons, A. J., Penning, P. D. and Orr, R. J. 2002. Effect of long-term changes in relative resource availability on dietary preference of sheep for perennial ryegrass and white clover. Grass and Forage Science. 57 (1), pp. 54-60. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2494.2002.00301.x

Opportunities for enhancing the delivery of novel forage attributes

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Cosgrove, G. P., Parsons, A. J., Marotti, D. M., Rutter, S. M. and Chapman, D. F. 2001. Opportunities for enhancing the delivery of novel forage attributes. Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production, Lincoln, New Zealand, 25-29 June 2001.

Ingestive behaviour and management of animals at pasture

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Gibb, M. J., Orr, R. J., Rutter, S. M. and Huckle, C. A. 2001. Ingestive behaviour and management of animals at pasture. Wade, M. H. (ed.) Manejo del Pastoreo. Meeting of the Argentinean Association of Animal Production, Universidad Nacional de Lujan, Argentina, November 2001.

Benefits from mixed grazing

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Rutter, S. M. 2001. Benefits from mixed grazing. British Dairying. 8 (2), p. p11.

Cows `in clover'

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Rutter, S. M. 2001. Cows `in clover'.

Maximising the use of grazed herbage in dairy cows

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Rutter, S. M. 2001. Maximising the use of grazed herbage in dairy cows. Agricultural Supply Industry. 31 (40), p. p3.

Evaluation of perennial ryegrass varieties under frequent cutting or continuous stocking with sheep

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Orr, R. J., Martyn, T. M. and Clements, R. O. 2001. Evaluation of perennial ryegrass varieties under frequent cutting or continuous stocking with sheep. International Journal of Plant Varieties and Seeds. 14, pp. 181-199.

Low-input heifer beef

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Orr, R. J. 2001. Low-input heifer beef. Mole Livestock Initiative Update. 2 (July), p. p2.

Nutritional and grazing management of the dairy cow

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Dewhurst, R. J., Rutter, S. M. and Rook, A. J. 2001. Nutritional and grazing management of the dairy cow. Wathes, C. R., Frost, A. R., Gordon, F. and Wood, J. D. (ed.) Integrated Management Systems for Livestock. Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science (BSAS) / International Society of Applied Ethology (ISAE) Joint Conference, Cambridge, 11-12 September 2001, BSAS Occasional Publication No. 28. pp. 71-76

Fast maturing Charolais cross Holstein heifers come up trumps

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Orr, R. J. and Snaith, L. 2001. Fast maturing Charolais cross Holstein heifers come up trumps. Farmers Guardian. (6 April), p. p1.

Practice into profit with low input dairy bred Charolais crosses

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Orr, R. J. and Snaith, L. 2001. Practice into profit with low input dairy bred Charolais crosses. (6).

Preference for grass and clover by dairy cattle: is free choice important?

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Rutter, S. M., Nuthall, R., Champion, R. A., Orr, R. J. and Rook, A. J. 2001. Preference for grass and clover by dairy cattle: is free choice important? Garner, J. P., Mench, J. A. and Heekin, S. P. (ed.) 35th International Congress of the International Society for Applied Ethology (ISAE), Davis, California, USA, 4-8 August 2001. pp. 039

Intake rate during meals and meal duration for sheep in different hunger states, grazing grass or white clover swards

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Orr, R. J., Penning, P. D., Rutter, S. M., Champion, R. A., Harvey, A. and Rook, A. J. 2001. Intake rate during meals and meal duration for sheep in different hunger states, grazing grass or white clover swards. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 75, pp. 33-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1591(01)00176-9

Effects of abomasal infusion of long chain fatty acids on intake, feeding behaviour and milk production in dairy cows

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Benson, J. A., Reynolds, C. K., Humphries, D. J., Rutter, S. M. and Beever, D. E. 2001. Effects of abomasal infusion of long chain fatty acids on intake, feeding behaviour and milk production in dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science. 84 (5), pp. 1182-1191. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(01)74579-1

Intake characteristics and performance of contrasting grass varieties continuously stocked with sheep

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Orr, R. J., Cook, J. E., Champion, R. A. and Rook, A. J. 2001. Intake characteristics and performance of contrasting grass varieties continuously stocked with sheep. Gomide, J. A., Mattos, W. R. S. and Carneiro da Silva, S. (ed.) Grassland Ecosystems: an Outlook into the 21st Century. Proceedings 19th International Grassland Congress, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 10-21 February 2001. Theme 13: Plant Improvement. pp. 529-530

Matching grass supply to grazing patterns for dairy cows

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Orr, R. J., Rutter, S. M., Penning, P. D. and Rook, A. J. 2001. Matching grass supply to grazing patterns for dairy cows. Grass and Forage Science. 56 (4), pp. 352-361. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2494.2001.00284.x

A new approach to the evaluation of herbage varieties under grazing

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Orr, R. J. 2000. A new approach to the evaluation of herbage varieties under grazing.

Making a profit from grassland

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Orr, R. J. and Trewin, C. 2000. Making a profit from grassland. Western Morning News (Devon). (26 July).

Clover enriched herbage boosts margins

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Orr, R. J. and King, G. 2000. Clover enriched herbage boosts margins. Farming News. (20 July), p. p19.

Benefits from using clover

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Orr, R. J. and Newton, K. 2000. Benefits from using clover. Farmers Guardian. (4 August), p. p11.

Assessing grass variety performance under sheep grazing

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Orr, R. J. 2000. Assessing grass variety performance under sheep grazing. Sheep Dairy News - Journal of the Sheep Dairying Association. 17, pp. 15-18.

Updates to the Graze program: movement analysis and compatibility with "The Observer"

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Champion, R. A. and Rutter, S. M. 2000. Updates to the Graze program: movement analysis and compatibility with "The Observer". 3rd International Conference on Methods and Techniques in Behavioral Research, Nijmegen, August 2000. pp. 39-41

Key to low input production

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Orr, R. J. 2000. Key to low input production. Beef Farmer. Summer, pp. 26-28.

Practice into profit: low-input heifer beef production

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Yarrow, N. H., Orr, R. J. and Shields, R. W. 2000. Practice into profit: low-input heifer beef production. Pullar, D. (ed.) Beef from Grass and Forage. British Grassland Society, Winter Meeting, Stafford, November 2000. British Grassland Society Occasional Symposium, 35. pp. 173-174

Monoculture swards might boost yields

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Rutter, S. M. 2000. Monoculture swards might boost yields. Farmers Weekly. 132 ((10), 10 March), p. p38.

Ingestive behaviour of dairy heifers grazing grass or white clover swards under rotational stocking management

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Orr, R. J., Rutter, S. M., Penning, P. D., Yarrow, N. H., Champion, R. A. and Rook, A. J. 2000. Ingestive behaviour of dairy heifers grazing grass or white clover swards under rotational stocking management. Proceedings 6th British Grassland Society Research Conference, Aberdeen, 11-13 September 2000. pp. 41-42

Evaluation of herbage varieties under continuous stocking

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Orr, R. J., Cook, J. E., Atkinson, L. D., Clements, R. O. and Martyn, T. M. 2000. Evaluation of herbage varieties under continuous stocking. Rook, A. J. and Penning, P. D. (ed.) Grazing Management: the Principles and Practice of Grazing, for Profit and Environmental Gain, within Temperate Grassland Systems. British Grassland Society (BGS) Occasional Symposium, 34, Harrogate, 29 February - 2 March 2000. British Grassland Society (BGS) Hurley. pp. 39-44

Intake rate, grazing time and daily intake by sheep grazing perennial ryegrass varieties under continuous stocking management

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Cook, J. E., Champion, R. A., Orr, R. J. and Rook, A. J. 2000. Intake rate, grazing time and daily intake by sheep grazing perennial ryegrass varieties under continuous stocking management. Proceedings 6th British Grassland Society Research Conference, Aberdeen, 11-13 September 2000. pp. 67-68

Milk production by dairy cows grazing mixed swards or adjacent monocultures of grass and white clover

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Nuthall, R., Rutter, S. M. and Rook, A. J. 2000. Milk production by dairy cows grazing mixed swards or adjacent monocultures of grass and white clover. Proceedings 6th British Grassland Society Research Conference, Aberdeen, 11-13 September 2000. pp. 117-118

The behaviour of cows following a total solar eclipse: shedding new light on the control of diurnal patterns of grazing behaviour

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Rutter, S. M., Tainton, V., Champion, R. A., Eddison, J. C. and LeGrice, P. 2000. The behaviour of cows following a total solar eclipse: shedding new light on the control of diurnal patterns of grazing behaviour. Ramos, A., Filho, L. C. P. M. and Hotzel, M. J. (ed.) 34th International Congress of the International Society of Applied Ethology (ISAE), Florianopolis, Brazil, 17-20 October 2000. pp. 190

Dietary preference for grass and white clover in sheep and cattle: an overview

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Rutter, S. M. and Orr, R. J. 2000. Dietary preference for grass and white clover in sheep and cattle: an overview. Rook, A. J. and Penning, P. D. (ed.) Grazing Management: the Principles and Practice of Grazing, for Profit and Environmental Gain, within Temperate Grassland Systems. British Grassland Society (BGS) Occasional Symposium, 34, Harrogate, 29 February - 2 March 2000. British Grassland Society (BGS) Hurley. pp. 73-78

Effect of the anti bloat agent poloxalene on n-alkane concentration in cattle faeces

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Nuthall, R., Rutter, S. M. and Rook, A. J. 2000. Effect of the anti bloat agent poloxalene on n-alkane concentration in cattle faeces. Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science (BSAS) Annual Meeting, Scarborough, UK, 20-22 March 2000. BSAS. pp. 60

Graze: a program to analyse recordings of the jaw movements of ruminants.

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Rutter, S. M. 2000. Graze: a program to analyse recordings of the jaw movements of ruminants. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments and Computers. 32 (1), pp. 86-92.

Dietary preference of sheep for perennial ryegrass and white clover at contrasting sward surface heights

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Harvey, A., Parsons, A. J., Rook, A. J., Penning, P. D. and Orr, R. J. 2000. Dietary preference of sheep for perennial ryegrass and white clover at contrasting sward surface heights. Grass and Forage Science. 55 (3), pp. 242-252. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2494.2000.00222.x

Cows could prove a scientific theory

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Rutter, S. M. 1999. Cows could prove a scientific theory. Western Morning News (Devon). (7 August), p. 21.

Researchers in the dark on cattle habits

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Rutter, S. M. 1999. Researchers in the dark on cattle habits. Farming News. (30 July / 3 August), p. 1.

Recording ruminant grazing behaviour

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Rutter, S. M. 1999. Recording ruminant grazing behaviour. Livestock Monitoring Conference, Silsoe, Bedford, 10-11 November 1999.

Developments in the use of microcomputer-based mathods for the automatic recording of grazing behaviour

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Rutter, S. M. 1999. Developments in the use of microcomputer-based mathods for the automatic recording of grazing behaviour. Dove, H. and Coleman, S. W. (ed.) Nutritional Ecology of Herbivores Satellite Symposium on Emerging Techniques for Studying the Nutrition of Free Ranging Herbivores, San Antonio, Texas, 10-11 April 1999. pp. 10pp

Eclipse tests grazing theory

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Rutter, S. M. 1999. Eclipse tests grazing theory. Scottish Farmer. (14 August), p. 15.

Best grow grass and clover alone

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Rutter, S. M. 1999. Best grow grass and clover alone. Farmers Weekly. 130 (12 March 1999), p. S4.

The assessment of quality - grazing and intake

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Orr, R. J. 1999. The assessment of quality - grazing and intake. Novel Material and the Assessment of Quality, Quality Feeds Theme Development Group Workshop IGER, Aberystwyth, 12 January 1999.

Matching food supply to animals' natural meal patterns

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Rook, A. J., Gibb, M. J. and Orr, R. J. 1999. Matching food supply to animals' natural meal patterns. Fifth International Symposium on the Nutrition of Herbivores, San Antonio, Texas, USA, 11-16 April 1999.

Long-term dietary preference for grass and clover in dairy cows

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Rutter, S. M., Orr, R. J., Yarrow, N. H., Champion, R. A., Atkinson, L. D. and Cook, J. E. 1999. Long-term dietary preference for grass and clover in dairy cows. Fifth International Symposium on the Nutrition of Herbivores, San Antonio, Texas, USA, 11-16 April 1999.

How do cattle and sheep alter ingestive behaviour in response to changes in sward state?

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Penning, P. D., Orr, R. J., Parsons, A. J. and Harvey, A. 1999. How do cattle and sheep alter ingestive behaviour in response to changes in sward state? Buchanan-Smith, J. G., Bailey, L. D. and McCaughey, P. (ed.) Grasslands 2000, Proceedings of the XVIII International Grassland Congress, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada, 8-17 June 1997 (Vol 1). Canadian Forage Council, Can Soc Agron, Can Soc Anim Sci.

Efficient use of grazed herbage by dairy cows

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Orr, R. J. 1998. Efficient use of grazed herbage by dairy cows. Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research IGER, North Wyke Okehampton.

The effect of journey structure on the welfare of lambs

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Murray, K. C., Eddison, K. C., Cullinane, S. L., Kirk, J. A., Rutter, S. M. and Champion, R. A. 1998. The effect of journey structure on the welfare of lambs. Veissier, I. and Boissy, A. (ed.) Proceedings of the 32nd International Congress of the International Society of Applied Ethology (ISAE), Clermont-Ferrand, France, 21-25 July 1998.

Techniques for measuring bite dimensions and movement patterns within and between grazing bouts for cattle and sheep

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Harvey, A. and Orr, R. J. 1998. Techniques for measuring bite dimensions and movement patterns within and between grazing bouts for cattle and sheep. Gibb, M. J. (ed.) Techniques for Investigating Intake and Ingestive Behaviour by Farm Animals, Proceedings of the Ninth European Intake Workshop, IGER North Wyke, UK, 18-20 November 1998. Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, IGER, Aberystwyth. pp. 79-80

Recent developments with the IGER behaviour recorder

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Champion, R. A., Rutter, S. M. and Delagarde, R. 1998. Recent developments with the IGER behaviour recorder. Gibb, M. J. (ed.) Techniques for Investigating Intake and Ingestive Behaviour by Farm Animals, Proceedings of the Ninth European Intake Workshop, IGER North Wyke, UK, 18-20 November 1998. Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, IGER, Aberystwyth. pp. 31-34

Movement patterns of sheep and cattle within and between continuous short-term grazing bouts

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Harvey, A., Parsons, A. J., Orr, R. J., Rutter, S. M. and Rook, A. J. 1998. Movement patterns of sheep and cattle within and between continuous short-term grazing bouts. Veissier, I. and Boissy, A. (ed.) Proceedings of the 32nd International Congress of the International Society of Applied Ethology (ISAE), Clermont-Ferrand, France, 21-25 July 1998.

Matching grass supply to grazing patterns for dairy cows under strip-grazing management

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Orr, R. J., Rutter, S. M., Penning, P. D., Yarrow, N. H., Atkinson, L. D. and Champion, R. A. 1998. Matching grass supply to grazing patterns for dairy cows under strip-grazing management. Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science Winter Meeting, Scarborough, UK, 23-25 March 1998. BSAS, Penicuik, UK. pp. 49

Graze: a program to analyse recordings of the jaw movements of ruminants

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Rutter, S. M. 1998. Graze: a program to analyse recordings of the jaw movements of ruminants. Measuring Behaviour 98, Second International Conference on Restoration Ecology, Groningen University, the Netherlands, 18-21 August 1998.

Graze user's guide - a program for analysing recordings of foraging behaviour in ruminants

J - Computer programs

Rutter, S. M. 1998. Graze user's guide - a program for analysing recordings of foraging behaviour in ruminants. Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research IGER, North Wyke Okehampton.

Effects of abomasal fat infusion on splanchnic metabolism and feeding behaviour in lactating dairy cows

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Benson, J. A., Reynolds, C. K., Humphries, D. J., Beever, D. E. and Rutter, S. M. 1998. Effects of abomasal fat infusion on splanchnic metabolism and feeding behaviour in lactating dairy cows. Abstracts of the Joint Meeting of the American Dairy Science Association and the American Society of Animal Science, Denver, Colorado, USA, 28-31 July 1998.

Dietary preference of dairy cows grazing grass and clover

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Rutter, S. M., Orr, R. J., Penning, P. D., Yarrow, N. H., Champion, R. A. and Atkinson, L. D. 1998. Dietary preference of dairy cows grazing grass and clover. Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science Winter Meeting, Scarborough, UK, 23-25 March 1998. BSAS, Penicuik, UK. pp. 51

Costs of locomotive and ingestive behaviour by sheep grazing grass or clover monocultures or mixtures of the two species

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Champion, R. A., Rutter, S. M., Orr, R. J. and Penning, P. D. 1998. Costs of locomotive and ingestive behaviour by sheep grazing grass or clover monocultures or mixtures of the two species. Veissier, I. and Boissy, A. (ed.) Proceedings of the 32nd International Congress of the International Society of Applied Ethology (ISAE), Clermont-Ferrand, France, 21-25 July 1998.

Behavioural and physiological factors limiting intake by grazing ruminants

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Penning, P. D., Gibb, M. J., Parsons, A. J., Orr, R. J. and Harvey, A. 1998. Behavioural and physiological factors limiting intake by grazing ruminants. Keane, M. G. and O'Riordan, E. (ed.) Extensification of Beef and Sheep Production on Grasslands, Proceedings of Pasture Ecology and Animal Intake Groups Joint Meeting, St Patrick's College, Drumcondra, Dublin, Ireland, 24-25 September 1996. pp. 10-20

Use of GPS to identify the grazing areas of hill sheep

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Rutter, S. M., Beresford, N. A. and Roberts, G. 1997. Use of GPS to identify the grazing areas of hill sheep. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture. 17, pp. 177-188.

Sward state and ingestive behaviour by Friesian dairy heifers under rotational grazing

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Orr, R. J., Rutter, S. M., Penning, P. D., Yarrow, N. H. and Champion, R. A. 1997. Sward state and ingestive behaviour by Friesian dairy heifers under rotational grazing. British Grassland Society (BGS) Fifth Research Conference, Seale Hayne Faculty of Agriculture Food & Land Use, University of Plymouth, Newton Abbot, Devon, 8-10 September 1997. British Grassland Society (BGS) Hurley. pp. 51-52

Rates of passage of digesta in sheep grazing grass or white clover

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Kelly, C. L., Penning, P. D., Orr, R. J. and Champion, R. A. 1997. Rates of passage of digesta in sheep grazing grass or white clover. British Grassland Society (BGS) Fifth Research Conference, Seale Hayne Faculty of Agriculture Food & Land Use, University of Plymouth, Newton Abbot, Devon, 8-10 September 1997. British Grassland Society (BGS) Hurley. pp. 181-182

Limitations of palatability as a concept in food intake and diet selection studies

B - Book chapters etc edited externally

Rook, A. J., Penning, P. D. and Rutter, S. M. 1997. Limitations of palatability as a concept in food intake and diet selection studies. in: Forbes, J. M., Lawrence, T. L. J., Godway, R. G. and Varley, M. A. (ed.) Animal Choices, British Society of Animal Science Occasional Publication No 20 BSAS, Edinburgh. pp. 75-76

Grazing behaviour of ruminants

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Gibb, M. J. and Orr, R. J. 1997. Grazing behaviour of ruminants. IGER Innovations. 1, pp. 54-57.

Effects of abomasal fat infusion on dry matter intake, milk production and splanchnic metabolism in dairy cows at two stages of lactation

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Benson, J. A., Reynolds, C. K., Humphries, D. J., Beever, D. E. and Rutter, S. M. 1997. Effects of abomasal fat infusion on dry matter intake, milk production and splanchnic metabolism in dairy cows at two stages of lactation. Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science Winter Meeting, Scarborough, UK, 24-26 March 1997. BSAS. pp. 21

Does supplementation with different feed types alter the preference by grazing ewes for grass and clover?

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Harvey, A., Orr, R. J. and Penning, P. D. 1997. Does supplementation with different feed types alter the preference by grazing ewes for grass and clover? British Grassland Society (BGS) Fifth Research Conference, Seale Hayne Faculty of Agriculture Food & Land Use, University of Plymouth, Newton Abbot, Devon, 8-10 September 1997. British Grassland Society (BGS) Hurley. pp. 177-178

Diurnal patterns of intake rate by sheep grazing monocultures of ryegrass or white clover

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Orr, R. J., Penning, P. D., Harvey, A. and Champion, R. A. 1997. Diurnal patterns of intake rate by sheep grazing monocultures of ryegrass or white clover. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 52, pp. 65-77.

Distinguishing bites and chews in recordings of the grazing jaw movements of cattle

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Champion, R. A., Rutter, S. M. and Orr, R. J. 1997. Distinguishing bites and chews in recordings of the grazing jaw movements of cattle. British Grassland Society (BGS) Fifth Research Conference, Seale Hayne Faculty of Agriculture Food & Land Use, University of Plymouth, Newton Abbot, Devon, 8-10 September 1997. British Grassland Society (BGS) Hurley. pp. 171-172

Dietary preferences of domestic ruminants

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Rutter, S. M., Penning, P. D., Parsons, A. J., Harvey, A. and Orr, R. J. 1997. Dietary preferences of domestic ruminants. Forbes, J. M., Lawrence, T. L. J., Rodway, R. G. and Varley, M. A. (ed.) Animal Choices, British Society of Animal Science Occasional Publication No 20. BSAS, Edinburgh. pp. 96-97

Diet preferences of adult sheep and goats grazing ryegrass and white clover

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Penning, P. D., Newman, J. A., Parsons, A. J., Harvey, A. and Orr, R. J. 1997. Diet preferences of adult sheep and goats grazing ryegrass and white clover. Small Ruminant Research. 24, pp. 175-184. https://doi.org/10.1051/animres:19950583

Bite dimensions and grazing severity for cattle and sheep

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Orr, R. J., Harvey, A., Kelly, C. L. and Penning, P. D. 1997. Bite dimensions and grazing severity for cattle and sheep. British Grassland Society (BGS) Fifth Research Conference, Seale Hayne Faculty of Agriculture Food & Land Use, University of Plymouth, Newton Abbot, Devon, 8-10 September 1997. British Grassland Society (BGS) Hurley. pp. 185-186

An automatic system to record foraging behaviour in free-ranging ruminants

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Rutter, S. M., Champion, R. A. and Penning, P. D. 1997. An automatic system to record foraging behaviour in free-ranging ruminants. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 54 (2-3), pp. 185-195. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0168-1591(96)01191-4

An automatic system to monitor lying, standing and walking behaviour of grazing animals

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Champion, R. A., Rutter, S. M. and Penning, P. D. 1997. An automatic system to monitor lying, standing and walking behaviour of grazing animals. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 54, pp. 291-305.

An algorithm for the automatic processing of recordings of foraging behaviour by cattle

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Rutter, S. M., Penning, P. D., Rook, A. J., Orr, R. J., Gibb, M. J., Champion, R. A. and Huckle, C. A. 1997. An algorithm for the automatic processing of recordings of foraging behaviour by cattle. Hemsworth, P. and Spinka, M. (ed.) Proceedings of the 31st International Congress of the International Society for Applied Ethology, Prague, Czech Republic, 13-16 August 1997. pp. 216

Oral behaviours in bovine spongiform encephalopathy

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Austin, A. R. and Rutter, S. M. 1996. Oral behaviours in bovine spongiform encephalopathy. XIXth World Buiatrics Congress, Edinburgh, 9-12 July 1996.

Foraging behaviour of free ranging domestic ruminants

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Rutter, S. M., Penning, P. D., Parsons, A. J., Harvey, A. and Orr, R. J. 1996. Foraging behaviour of free ranging domestic ruminants. Mini-symposium on diet selection in animals and man, Grassmere, Cumbria, 1-4 July 1996.

Assessing the welfare of intensive and extensive livestock

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Rutter, S. M. 1996. Assessing the welfare of intensive and extensive livestock. O'Riordan, E. (ed.) Extensification of beef and sheep production on grassland. Proceedings of Pasture Ecology and Animal Intake Groups Joint Meeting, St Patrick's College, Drumcondra, Dublin, Ireland, 24-25 September 1996 (EU Concerted Action Report AIR3-CT93-0974).

Why can't dairy heifers graze clover quicker than grass?

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Rutter, S. M., Penning, P. D., Champion, R. A. and Orr, R. J. 1996. Why can't dairy heifers graze clover quicker than grass? Duncan, I. J. H., Widowski, T. M. and Haley, D. B. (ed.) Proceedings of the 30th International Congress of the International Society of Applied Ethology (ISAE), Col K L Campbell Centre for the Study of Animal Welfare, Guelph, Ontario, Canada, 14-17 August 1996. University of Guelph, Centre for the Study of Animal Welfare. pp. 134

The effects of spatial aggregation of grass and clover swards grazed by sheep on diet and sward composition

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Harvey, A. and Orr, R. J. 1996. The effects of spatial aggregation of grass and clover swards grazed by sheep on diet and sward composition. Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 112th Meeting, Scarborough, 18-20 March 1996.

The effects of grass nitrogen status on the preference by sheep grazing ryegrass and white clover

B - Book chapters etc edited externally

Harvey, A., Orr, R. J., Parsons, A. J., Penning, P. D. and Vincent, J. F. V. 1996. The effects of grass nitrogen status on the preference by sheep grazing ryegrass and white clover. in: Younie, D. (ed.) Legumes in Sustainable Farming Systems, British Grassland Society Occasional Symposium No 30 (Proceedings of joint conference of BGS and SFS Initiative, SAC, Craibstone, Aberdeen, 2-4 September 1996) British Grassland Society (BGS) Hurley. pp. 227-229

Techniques to measure behaviour automatically in grazing herbivores

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Penning, P. D., Rutter, S. M. and Champion, R. A. 1996. Techniques to measure behaviour automatically in grazing herbivores. Measuring Behaviour '96, Utrecht, the Netherlands, 16-18 October 1996. pp. 76

Limitations of palatability as a concept in feed intake and diet selection studies

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Rook, A. J., Rutter, S. M. and Penning, P. D. 1996. Limitations of palatability as a concept in feed intake and diet selection studies. Animal Choices, Joint Symposium by BSAS/PRSCA/ISAE, Leeds, 18-20 September 1996.

How cows graze

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Gibb, M. J. and Rutter, S. M. 1996. How cows graze. Young, Stephen (ed.) IGER Annual Report 1995/96. Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, IGER, Aberystwyth. pp. 62

Grazing behaviour and herbage intake rate by Friesian dairy heifers grazing ryegrass or white clover

B - Book chapters etc edited externally

Orr, R. J., Rutter, S. M., Penning, P. D., Yarrow, N. H. and Champion, R. A. 1996. Grazing behaviour and herbage intake rate by Friesian dairy heifers grazing ryegrass or white clover. in: Younie, D. (ed.) Legumes in Sustainable Farming Systems, British Grassland Society Occasional Symposium No 30 (Proceedings of joint conference of BGS and SFS Initiative, SAC, Craibstone, Aberdeen, 2-4 September 1996) British Grassland Society (BGS) Hurley. pp. 221-224

Effects of continuous stocking with sheep or goats on sward composition and animal production from a grass and white clover pasture

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Penning, P. D., Johnson, R. H. and Orr, R. J. 1996. Effects of continuous stocking with sheep or goats on sward composition and animal production from a grass and white clover pasture. Small Ruminant Research. 21, pp. 19-29.

Dietary preference of sheep for grass and clover at contrasting sward surface heights

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Harvey, A. and Orr, R. J. 1996. Dietary preference of sheep for grass and clover at contrasting sward surface heights. Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 112th Meeting, Scarborough, 18-20 March 1996.

Data logging apparatus for UK livestock

H2 - Patents applied for

Rutter, S. M. and Penning, P. D. 1996. Data logging apparatus for UK livestock.

Automatic recording of various aspects of foraging behaviour

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Rutter, S. M., Champion, R. A. and Penning, P. D. 1996. Automatic recording of various aspects of foraging behaviour. Fourth International Symposium on Nutrition of Herbivores - Satellite on Ruminant Use of Fodder Resources in Warm Countries, 7-9 September 1995, Montpellier, France.

A system to record automatically foraging behaviour in free-ranging herbivores

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Rutter, S. M., Champion, R. A. and Penning, P. D. 1996. A system to record automatically foraging behaviour in free-ranging herbivores. Measuring Behaviour '96, Utrecht, the Netherlands, 16-18 October 1996. pp. 88

To what extent can animal welfare be measured?

B - Book chapters etc edited externally

Rutter, S. M. 1995. To what extent can animal welfare be measured? in: Proceedings of the 29th International Congress of the International Society for Applied Ethology, Exeter, UK, 3-5 August 1995 Universities Federation for Animal Welfare. pp. 57-58

The role of learning and experience in the development of dietary choice by sheep and goats

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Orr, R. J., Penning, P. D., Parsons, A. J., Harvey, A. and Newman, J. A. 1995. The role of learning and experience in the development of dietary choice by sheep and goats. Fourth International Symposium on the Nutrition of Herbivores, 11-15 September 1995, Clermont-Ferrand, France.

The preference of adult sheep and goats grazing ryegrass and white clover

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Penning, P. D., Newman, J. A., Parsons, A. J., Harvey, A. and Orr, R. J. 1995. The preference of adult sheep and goats grazing ryegrass and white clover. Fourth International Symposium on the Nutrition of Herbivores, 11-15 September 1995, Clermont-Ferrand, France.

Intake and behaviour responses by sheep, in different physiological states, when grazing monocultures of grass or white clover

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Penning, P. D., Parsons, A. J., Orr, R. J., Harvey, A. and Champion, R. A. 1995. Intake and behaviour responses by sheep, in different physiological states, when grazing monocultures of grass or white clover. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 45, pp. 63-78.

Herbage intake rates and grazing behaviour of sheep and goats grazing grass or white clover

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Penning, P. D., Orr, R. J., Parsons, A. J., Harvey, A. and Newman, J. A. 1995. Herbage intake rates and grazing behaviour of sheep and goats grazing grass or white clover. Fourth International Symposium on the Nutrition of Herbivores, 11-15 September 1995, Clermont-Ferrand, France.

Herbage intake and N excretion by sheep grazing monocultures or a mixture of grass and white clover

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Orr, R. J., Penning, P. D., Parsons, A. J. and Champion, R. A. 1995. Herbage intake and N excretion by sheep grazing monocultures or a mixture of grass and white clover. Grass and Forage Science. 50 (1), pp. 31-40. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1995.tb02291.x

Dietary preference of heifers for grass or clover, with and without romensin slow-release anti-bloat boluses

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Penning, P. D., Parsons, A. J., Orr, R. J., Harvey, A. and Yarrow, N. H. 1995. Dietary preference of heifers for grass or clover, with and without romensin slow-release anti-bloat boluses. Proceedings of the 111th Meeting of the British Society of Animal Science, Scarborough, 20-22 March 1995.

A low-power postprocessed DGPS system for logging the locations of sheep on hill pastures

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Roberts, G., Williams, A., Last, J. D., Penning, P. D. and Rutter, S. M. 1995. A low-power postprocessed DGPS system for logging the locations of sheep on hill pastures. Journal of the Institute of Navigation. 2, pp. 327-336.

Intake behaviour and production responses by sheep, in different physiological states, grazing monocultures of grass or white clover

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Penning, P. D., Parsons, A. J., Orr, R. J. and Harvey, A. 1994. Intake behaviour and production responses by sheep, in different physiological states, grazing monocultures of grass or white clover. Abstracts 45th Annual Meeting of the European Association for Animal Production, EAAP, Edinburgh, September 1994. pp. 281

Use of satellite tracking system to record the foraging behaviour of hill sheep

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Rutter, S. M., Beresford, N. A. and Roberts, G. 1994. Use of satellite tracking system to record the foraging behaviour of hill sheep. International Society for Applied Ethology - International Congress, 3-6 August 1994, Foulum, Denmark. pp. 171

The effect of concentrate level on the intakes of silages or hays by ewes in the first month of lactation

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Orr, R. J. and Treacher, T. T. 1994. The effect of concentrate level on the intakes of silages or hays by ewes in the first month of lactation. Animal Production. 58, pp. 109-116.

Temporal variation in grazing behaviour of sheep and the reliability of sampling periods

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Champion, R. A., Rutter, S. M., Penning, P. D. and Rook, A. J. 1994. Temporal variation in grazing behaviour of sheep and the reliability of sampling periods. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 42, pp. 99-108.

Intake and behaviour responses by sheep to changes in sward characteristics under rotational grazing

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Penning, P. D., Parsons, A. J., Orr, R. J. and Hooper, J. E. 1994. Intake and behaviour responses by sheep to changes in sward characteristics under rotational grazing. Grass and Forage Science. 49 (4), pp. 476-486. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1994.tb02025.x

Identification of grazing areas which may influence radiocaesium levels in West Cumbrian sheep

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Rutter, S. M. 1994. Identification of grazing areas which may influence radiocaesium levels in West Cumbrian sheep. MAFF Radiation Research Project Seminar, London, February 1994.

Identification of grazing habits/areas which may influence radiocaesium levels in West Cumbrian sheep

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Rutter, S. M. and Beresford, N. A. 1994. Identification of grazing habits/areas which may influence radiocaesium levels in West Cumbrian sheep.

Fasting affects intake behaviour and diet preference of grazing sheep

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Newman, J. A., Penning, P. D., Parsons, A. J., Harvey, A. and Orr, R. J. 1994. Fasting affects intake behaviour and diet preference of grazing sheep. Animal Behaviour. 47, pp. 185-193. https://doi.org/10.1006/anbe.1994.1021

Diurnal patterns of ingestive behaviour by sheep

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Orr, R. J., Harvey, A. and Champion, R. A. 1994. Diurnal patterns of ingestive behaviour by sheep. Fourth British Grassland Society (BGS) Research Conference, 26-28 September 1994, Reading University.

Diet preference of sheep: effects of recent diet, physiological state and species abundance

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Parsons, A. J., Newman, J. A., Penning, P. D., Harvey, A. and Orr, R. J. 1994. Diet preference of sheep: effects of recent diet, physiological state and species abundance. Journal of Animal Ecology. 63, pp. 465-478. https://doi.org/10.2307/5563

A solid state grazing behaviour recording system

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Champion, R. A., Rutter, S. M. and Penning, P. D. 1994. A solid state grazing behaviour recording system. Fourth British Grassland Society (BGS) Research Conference, 26-28 September 1994, Reading University.

The effects of group size on grazing time in sheep

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Penning, P. D., Parsons, A. J., Newman, J. A., Orr, R. J. and Harvey, A. 1993. The effects of group size on grazing time in sheep. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 37, pp. 101-109. https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-1591(93)90103-V

Recent developments in the automatic recording of grazing behaviour in free ranging ruminants

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Rutter, S. M., Penning, P. D., Champion, R. A. and Roberts, G. 1993. Recent developments in the automatic recording of grazing behaviour in free ranging ruminants. Proceedings of the Third International Congress on Applied Ethology, July 1993, Berlin, Germany. Humboldt University, Berlin. pp. 594-596

Effects of some factors on insensible weight loss in grazing sheep

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Dumont, B., Penning, P. D., Orr, R. J. and D'Hour, P. 1993. Effects of some factors on insensible weight loss in grazing sheep. Proceedings of 8iemes Journees des Recherches sur l'Alimentation et la Nutrition des Herbivores, 24-25 March 1993, Paris, France.

Dietary preferences of sheep and goats

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Penning, P. D., Parsons, A. J., Harvey, A. and Orr, R. J. 1993. Dietary preferences of sheep and goats. Proceedings from Agricultural and Environmental Management "Pointers for Change", 8 April 1993, National Agricultural Conference, Stoneleigh, UK.

Aversiveness of mechanical conveying to laying hens

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Rutter, S. M., Scott, G. B. and Morgan, P. 1993. Aversiveness of mechanical conveying to laying hens. British Poultry Science. 34, pp. 279-285. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071669308417584

Aversion of domestic fowl to whole-body vibratory motion

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Rutter, S. M. and Randall, J. M. 1993. Aversion of domestic fowl to whole-body vibratory motion. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 37, pp. 69-73.

Automatic recording of grazing behaviour in ruminants

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Rutter, S. M., Penning, P. D., Champion, R. A. and Roberts, G. 1993. Automatic recording of grazing behaviour in ruminants. Society of Chemical Industry - Sensing and Control Aspects of Spatially Variable Field Operations, November 1993, London.

Assessment of hunger in growing broiler breeders in relation to a commercial restricted feeding programme

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Savory, C. J., Maros, K. and Rutter, S. M. 1993. Assessment of hunger in growing broiler breeders in relation to a commercial restricted feeding programme. Animal Welfare. 2, pp. 131-152.

A low-power portable post-processed DGPS package for precise position-logging of sheep on hill pastures

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Roberts, G., Williams, A., Last, J. D., Penning, P. D. and Rutter, S. M. 1993. A low-power portable post-processed DGPS package for precise position-logging of sheep on hill pastures. Proceedings of the Institute of Navigation GPS-93, 22-24 September 1993, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA (Session 5D).

Measuring aversion in domestic fowl using passive avoidance

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Rutter, S. M. and Duncan, I. J. H. 1992. Measuring aversion in domestic fowl using passive avoidance. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 33, pp. 53-61.

Development of an automatic recording system for lying, standing and walking behaviour in sheep

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Rutter, S. M. and Champion, R. A. 1992. Development of an automatic recording system for lying, standing and walking behaviour in sheep. Third Research Conference BGS, 2-4 September 1992, Greenmount, County Antrim, Northern Ireland. pp. 75-76

Uptake, cycling and fate of nitrogen in grass-clover swards continuously grazed by sheep

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Parsons, A. J., Orr, R. J., Penning, P. D. and Lockyer, D. R. 1991. Uptake, cycling and fate of nitrogen in grass-clover swards continuously grazed by sheep. The Journal of Agricultural Science. 116, pp. 47-61. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021859600076139

Shuttle and one-way avoidance as measures of aversion in the domestic fowl

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Rutter, S. M. and Duncan, J. H. 1991. Shuttle and one-way avoidance as measures of aversion in the domestic fowl. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 30, pp. 117-124.

Patterns of ingestive behaviour of sheep continuously stocked on monocultures of ryegrass or white clover

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Penning, P. D., Rook, A. J. and Orr, R. J. 1991. Patterns of ingestive behaviour of sheep continuously stocked on monocultures of ryegrass or white clover. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 31, pp. 237-250.

Micrometeorological studies of ammonia emission from sheep grazed swards

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Jarvis, S. C., Hatch, D. J., Orr, R. J. and Reynolds, S. E. 1991. Micrometeorological studies of ammonia emission from sheep grazed swards. The Journal of Agricultural Science. 117, pp. 101-109. https://doi.org/Reynolds(a1)DOI:https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021859600079028

Intake and behaviour responses by sheep to changes in sward characteristics under continuous stocking

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Penning, P. D., Parsons, A. J., Orr, R. J. and Treacher, T. T. 1991. Intake and behaviour responses by sheep to changes in sward characteristics under continuous stocking. Grass and Forage Science. 46, pp. 15-28.

The performance of ewes offered diets containing different proportions of perennial ryegrass and white clover silage in late pregnancy

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Orr, R. J. and Treacher, T. T. 1990. The performance of ewes offered diets containing different proportions of perennial ryegrass and white clover silage in late pregnancy. Animal Production. 51, pp. 143-153.

Sward composition, animal performance and the potential production of grass/white clover swards continuously stocked with sheep

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Orr, R. J., Parsons, A. J., Penning, P. D. and Treacher, T. T. 1990. Sward composition, animal performance and the potential production of grass/white clover swards continuously stocked with sheep. Grass and Forage Science. 45, pp. 325-336.

Quantifying motivation using a computer-controlled push-door

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Petherick, J. C. and Rutter, S. M. 1990. Quantifying motivation using a computer-controlled push-door. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 27, pp. 159-167.

PlotOp - A system for the analysis of operant behaviour

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Rutter, S. M. 1990. PlotOp - A system for the analysis of operant behaviour.

Measuring the motivation of domestic fowl in response to a positive and a negative reinforcer

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Petherick, J. C., Sutherland, R. H., Waddington, D. and Rutter, S. M. 1990. Measuring the motivation of domestic fowl in response to a positive and a negative reinforcer. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 33, pp. 357-366.

Intakes of silages, hays or straws by ewes in mid pregnancy

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Orr, R. J. and Treacher, T. T. 1990. Intakes of silages, hays or straws by ewes in mid pregnancy. Animal Production. 51, pp. 301-310.