Grazing behaviour of ruminants

Gibb, M. J. and Orr, R. J. 1997. Grazing behaviour of ruminants. IGER Innovations. 1, pp. 54-57.

Authors	Gibb, M. J. and Orr, R. J.
Year of Publication	1997
Journal	IGER Innovations
Journal citation	1, pp. 54-57
ISSN	1368-5503
Funder	Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
Funder project or code	1
	Project: 2420 4112
	Project: DS 1107
Open access	Published as non-open access
Publisher's version	GrazingBehaviourofRuminantsGibb199753-57.pdf
Editors	Gordon, A. J.
Publisher	Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, IGER, Aberystwyth
	AFRC Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research
Collective title	IGER Innovations

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A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Naujeck, A., Hill, J. and Gibb, M. J. 2003. Is diet selection of horses influenced by sward height? Tropical and Subtropical Agroecosystems. 3, pp. 407-410.

Intake characteristics and plant traits for perennial ryegrass varieties grazed by sheep

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Orr, R. J. and Rook, A. J. 2003. Intake characteristics and plant traits for perennial ryegrass varieties grazed by sheep. Proceedings 'Crop Quality: Its role in sustainable livestock production', Association of Applied Biologists Conference, Manchester, 15-16 December 2003.

Effect of a restricted grazing session allocation on the ingestive behaviour of grazing dairy cows

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Mattiauda, D. A., Tamminga, S., Elizondo, F., Gibb, M. J. and Chilibroste, P. 2003. Effect of a restricted grazing session allocation on the ingestive behaviour of grazing dairy cows. IX World Conference on Animal Production, World Association for Animal Production, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil, 26-31 October 2003.

Diet selection by horses on paddocks with four different sward heights

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Naujeck, A., Hill, J. and Gibb, M. J. 2003. Diet selection by horses on paddocks with four different sward heights. van der Honing, Y. (ed.) 54th Annual meeting of the European Association for Animal Production Roma, Italy, 31 August-3 September, 2003.

Behavioural mechanisms underlying production responses in dairy cows treated with eprinomectin

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Forbes, A. B., Huckle, C. A. and Gibb, M. J. 2003. Behavioural mechanisms underlying production responses in dairy cows treated with eprinomectin. Old Dreams - New Visions: Veterinary Parasitology in the 21st Century. Abstracts 19th International Conference of the World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology, New Orleans, USA, 10-14 August 2003.

Agronomic and nutritional qualities of grazed grass varieties: development of breeding tools and a new rapid-screening methodology

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Orr, R. J. 2003. Agronomic and nutritional qualities of grazed grass varieties: development of breeding tools and a new rapid-screening methodology.

NIRS prediction of the intake characteristics of grass varieties continuously stocked with sheep

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Lister, S. J. and Orr, R. J. 2003. NIRS prediction of the intake characteristics of grass varieties continuously stocked with sheep. 7th British Grassland Society (BGS) Research Conference, Aberystwyth, 1-3 September 2003. pp. 67-68

New methods for identification and evaluation of intake characteristics of grass varieties

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Orr, R. J. and Cook, J. E. 2003. New methods for identification and evaluation of intake characteristics of grass varieties. IGER Innovations. 7, pp. 30-33.

Development of a sward box methodology for the rapid screening of bite mass in grass varieties intended for grazing

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Young, K. L., Cook, J. E., Champion, R. A. and Orr, R. J. 2003. Development of a sward box methodology for the rapid screening of bite mass in grass varieties intended for grazing. BGS Organising Committee (ed.) Proceedings 7th British Grassland Society (BGS) Research Meeting, Aberystwyth, UK, 1-3 September 2003. pp. 73-74

Morphological, chemical and intake characteristics of grass varieties grazed by sheep under continuous stocking management

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Cook, J. E., Champion, R. A. and Orr, R. J. 2003. Morphological, chemical and intake characteristics of grass varieties grazed by sheep under continuous stocking management. BGS Organising Committee (ed.) Proceedings 7th British Grassland Society (BGS) Research Conference, Aberystwyth, UK, 1-3 September 2003. pp. 21-22

Intake characteristics of perennial ryegrass varieties when grazed by sheep under continuous stocking management.

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Orr, R. J., Cook, J. E., Champion, R. A., Penning, P. D. and Rook, A. J. 2003. Intake characteristics of perennial ryegrass varieties when grazed by sheep under continuous stocking management. Euphytica. 134 (3), pp. 247-260. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:EUPH.0000004949.49050.78

Intake and dietary choices by grazing ruminants, effects of time of day and water soluble carbohydrate content in forage

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Rook, A. J., Orr, R. J., Rutter, S. M. and Moorby, J. M. 2002. Intake and dietary choices by grazing ruminants, effects of time of day and water soluble carbohydrate content in forage. American Society of Agronomy Annual Meeting, Indianapolis, Nov 11-14 2002.

The development and use of techniques for investigating intake and ingestive behaviour during grazing

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Gibb, M. J. and Penning, P. D. 2002. The development and use of techniques for investigating intake and ingestive behaviour during grazing. Invited Review. Proceedings 10th European Intake Workshop, Reykjavik, Iceland, 22-24 August 2002.

Alterations in grazing behaviour in cattle infected subclinically with parasitic gastrointestinal worms

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Forbes, A. B., Huckle, C. A., Gibb, M. J. and Rook, A. J. 2002. Alterations in grazing behaviour in cattle infected subclinically with parasitic gastrointestinal worms. Abstract World Buiatrics Conference XXII, Hanover, August 2002. pp. Abstr. 491-339

Effect of type of supplement offered out of parlour on grazing behaviour and performance by lactating dairy cows grazing continuously stocked grass swards

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Gibb, M. J., Huckle, C. A. and Nuthall, R. 2002. Effect of type of supplement offered out of parlour on grazing behaviour and performance by lactating dairy cows grazing continuously stocked grass swards. Animal Science. 75 (1), pp. 153-167. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1357729800052930

Ingestive behaviour of heifers grazing monocultures of ryegrass or white clover

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Rutter, S. M., Orr, R. J., Penning, P. D., Yarrow, N. H. and Champion, R. A. 2002. Ingestive behaviour of heifers grazing monocultures of ryegrass or white clover. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 76 (1), pp. 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1591(01)00205-2

Effects of level of concentrate supplementation on grazing behaviour and performance by lactating dairy cows grazing continuously stocked grass swards

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Gibb, M. J., Huckle, C. A. and Nuthall, R. 2002. Effects of level of concentrate supplementation on grazing behaviour and performance by lactating dairy cows grazing continuously stocked grass swards. Animal Science. 74 (2), pp. 319-335. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1357729800052486

Effect of long-term changes in relative resource availability on dietary preference of sheep for perennial ryegrass and white clover

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Rook, A. J., Harvey, A., Parsons, A. J., Penning, P. D. and Orr, R. J. 2002. Effect of long-term changes in relative resource availability on dietary preference of sheep for perennial ryegrass and white clover. Grass and Forage Science. 57 (1), pp. 54-60. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2494.2002.00301.x

Ingestive behaviour and management of animals at pasture

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Gibb, M. J., Orr, R. J., Rutter, S. M. and Huckle, C. A. 2001. Ingestive behaviour and management of animals at pasture. Wade, M. H. (ed.) Manejo del Pastoreo. Meeting of the Argentinean Association of Animal Production, Universidad Nacional de Lujan, Argentina, November 2001.

The effect of the anthelmintic Eprinomectin on milk production, grazing behaviour and intake by spring-calving dairy cows

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Huckle, C. A., Forbes, A. B., Gibb, M. J. and Rook, A. J. 2001. The effect of the anthelmintic Eprinomectin on milk production, grazing behaviour and intake by spring-calving dairy cows. Abstract British Grassland Society Winter Meeting, The Right Mix: blending science and practice in dairying, Great Malvern, 19-20 November 2001. British Grassland Society (BGS) Hurley. pp. unpaginated

Evaluation of perennial ryegrass varieties under frequent cutting or continuous stocking with sheep

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Orr, R. J., Martyn, T. M. and Clements, R. O. 2001. Evaluation of perennial ryegrass varieties under frequent cutting or continuous stocking with sheep. International Journal of Plant Varieties and Seeds. 14, pp. 181-199.

Low-input heifer beef

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Orr, R. J. 2001. Low-input heifer beef. Mole Livestock Initiative Update. 2 (July), p. p2.

Fast maturing Charolais cross Holstein heifers come up trumps

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Orr, R. J. and Snaith, L. 2001. Fast maturing Charolais cross Holstein heifers come up trumps. Farmers Guardian. (6 April), p. p1.

Practice into profit with low input dairy bred Charolais crosses

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Orr, R. J. and Snaith, L. 2001. Practice into profit with low input dairy bred Charolais crosses. (6).

Preference for grass and clover by dairy cattle: is free choice important?

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Rutter, S. M., Nuthall, R., Champion, R. A., Orr, R. J. and Rook, A. J. 2001. Preference for grass and clover by dairy cattle: is free choice important? Garner, J. P., Mench, J. A. and Heekin, S. P. (ed.) 35th International Congress of the International Society for Applied Ethology (ISAE), Davis, California, USA, 4-8 August 2001. pp. 039

Intake rate during meals and meal duration for sheep in different hunger states, grazing grass or white clover swards

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Orr, R. J., Penning, P. D., Rutter, S. M., Champion, R. A., Harvey, A. and Rook, A. J. 2001. Intake rate during meals and meal duration for sheep in different hunger states, grazing grass or white clover swards. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 75, pp. 33-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1591(01)00176-9

Intake characteristics and performance of contrasting grass varieties continuously stocked with sheep

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Orr, R. J., Cook, J. E., Champion, R. A. and Rook, A. J. 2001. Intake characteristics and performance of contrasting grass varieties continuously stocked with sheep. Gomide, J. A., Mattos, W. R. S. and Carneiro da Silva, S. (ed.) Grassland Ecosystems: an Outlook into the 21st Century. Proceedings 19th International Grassland Congress, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 10-21 February 2001. Theme 13: Plant Improvement. pp. 529-530

Matching grass supply to grazing patterns for dairy cows

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Orr, R. J., Rutter, S. M., Penning, P. D. and Rook, A. J. 2001. Matching grass supply to grazing patterns for dairy cows. Grass and Forage Science. 56 (4), pp. 352-361. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2494.2001.00284.x

A new approach to the evaluation of herbage varieties under grazing

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Orr, R. J. 2000. A new approach to the evaluation of herbage varieties under grazing.

Making a profit from grassland

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Orr, R. J. and Trewin, C. 2000. Making a profit from grassland. Western Morning News (Devon). (26 July).

Clover enriched herbage boosts margins

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Orr, R. J. and King, G. 2000. Clover enriched herbage boosts margins. Farming News. (20 July), p. p19.

Benefits from using clover

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Orr, R. J. and Newton, K. 2000. Benefits from using clover. Farmers Guardian. (4 August), p. p11.

Assessing grass variety performance under sheep grazing

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Orr, R. J. 2000. Assessing grass variety performance under sheep grazing. Sheep Dairy News - Journal of the Sheep Dairying Association. 17, pp. 15-18.

Ingestive behaviour patterns of dairy cows using out-of-parlour concentrate feeders at pasture

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Rook, A. J., Nuthall, R., Huckle, C. A. and Gibb, M. J. 2000. Ingestive behaviour patterns of dairy cows using out-of-parlour concentrate feeders at pasture. Ramos, A., Filho, L. C. P. M. and Hotzel, M. J. (ed.) Proceedings of the 34th International Congress of the International Society of Applied Ethology (ISAE), Florianopolis, Brazil, 17-20 October 2000. pp. 189

The effect of gastrotestinal parasitism on the preference of cattle grazing grass or clover

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Huckle, C. A., Forbes, A. B., Gibb, M. J. and Rook, A. J. 2000. The effect of gastrotestinal parasitism on the preference of cattle grazing grass or clover. Proceedings 6th British Grassland Society Research Meeting, Aberdeen, 11-13 September 2000. pp. 69-70

Key to low input production

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Orr, R. J. 2000. Key to low input production. Beef Farmer. Summer, pp. 26-28.

Practice into profit: low-input heifer beef production

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Yarrow, N. H., Orr, R. J. and Shields, R. W. 2000. Practice into profit: low-input heifer beef production. Pullar, D. (ed.) Beef from Grass and Forage. British Grassland Society, Winter Meeting, Stafford, November 2000. British Grassland Society Occasional Symposium, 35. pp. 173-174

Effects of parasitic nematodes on grazing behaviour in young calves

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Forbes, A. B., Huckle, C. A., Gibb, M. J., Rook, A. J. and Nuthall, R. 2000. Effects of parasitic nematodes on grazing behaviour in young calves. Merial Technical Report Card. 2, p. p2.

Effect of nematode infection on grazing behaviour and intake by young calves

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Huckle, C. A., Gibb, M. J., Rook, A. J., Forbes, A. B. and Nuthall, R. 2000. Effect of nematode infection on grazing behaviour and intake by young calves. Merial Technical Report Card. 1, p. p1.

Effect of nematode infection on grazing behaviour and intake by young calves

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Huckle, C. A., Gibb, M. J., Forbes, A. B. and Nuthall, R. 2000. Effect of nematode infection on grazing behaviour and intake by young calves. Rook, A. J. and Penning, P. D. (ed.) Grazing Management: the Principles and Practice of Grazing, for Profit and Environmental Gain, within Temperate Grassland Systems. British Grassland Society Occasional Symposium, 34, Harrogate, 29 February - 2 March 2000. British Grassland Society (BGS) Hurley. pp. 103-104

Effect of temporal pattern of supplementation on grazing behaviour and herbage intake by dairy cows

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Gibb, M. J., Huckle, C. A. and Nuthall, R. 2000. Effect of temporal pattern of supplementation on grazing behaviour and herbage intake by dairy cows. Rook, A. J. and Penning, P. D. (ed.) Grazing Management: the Principles and Practice of Grazing, for Profit and Environmental Gain, within Temperate Grassland Systems. British Grassland Society Occasional Symposium, 34, Harrogate, 29 February - 2 March 2000. British Grassland Society (BGS) Hurley. pp. 91-96

Ingestive behaviour of dairy heifers grazing grass or white clover swards under rotational stocking management

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Orr, R. J., Rutter, S. M., Penning, P. D., Yarrow, N. H., Champion, R. A. and Rook, A. J. 2000. Ingestive behaviour of dairy heifers grazing grass or white clover swards under rotational stocking management. Proceedings 6th British Grassland Society Research Conference, Aberdeen, 11-13 September 2000. pp. 41-42

Evaluation of herbage varieties under continuous stocking

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Orr, R. J., Cook, J. E., Atkinson, L. D., Clements, R. O. and Martyn, T. M. 2000. Evaluation of herbage varieties under continuous stocking. Rook, A. J. and Penning, P. D. (ed.) Grazing Management: the Principles and Practice of Grazing, for Profit and Environmental Gain, within Temperate Grassland Systems. British Grassland Society (BGS) Occasional Symposium, 34, Harrogate, 29 February - 2 March 2000. British Grassland Society (BGS) Hurley. pp. 39-44

Intake rate, grazing time and daily intake by sheep grazing perennial ryegrass varieties under continuous stocking management

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Cook, J. E., Champion, R. A., Orr, R. J. and Rook, A. J. 2000. Intake rate, grazing time and daily intake by sheep grazing perennial ryegrass varieties under continuous stocking management. Proceedings 6th British Grassland Society Research Conference, Aberdeen, 11-13 September 2000. pp. 67-68

Duration of regrowth of ryegrass (Lolium perenne ) effects on grazing behaviour, intake, rumen fill, and fermentation of lactating dairy cows.

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Chilibroste, P., Tamminga, S., Boer, H., Gibb, M. J. and Dikken, G. den 2000. Duration of regrowth of ryegrass (Lolium perenne ) effects on grazing behaviour, intake, rumen fill, and fermentation of lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science. 83 (5), pp. 984-995. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(00)74963-0

Dietary preference for grass and white clover in sheep and cattle: an overview

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Rutter, S. M. and Orr, R. J. 2000. Dietary preference for grass and white clover in sheep and cattle: an overview. Rook, A. J. and Penning, P. D. (ed.) Grazing Management: the Principles and Practice of Grazing, for Profit and Environmental Gain, within Temperate Grassland Systems. British Grassland Society (BGS) Occasional Symposium, 34, Harrogate, 29 February - 2 March 2000. British Grassland Society (BGS) Hurley. pp. 73-78

Evaluation of the effects of nematode parasitism on grazing behaviour, herbage intake and growth in young grazing cattle

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Forbes, A. B., Huckle, C. A., Gibb, M. J., Rook, A. J. and Nuthall, R. 2000. Evaluation of the effects of nematode parasitism on grazing behaviour, herbage intake and growth in young grazing cattle. Veterinary Parasitology. 90 (1-2), pp. 111-118. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4017(00)00218-1

Dietary preference of sheep for perennial ryegrass and white clover at contrasting sward surface heights

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Harvey, A., Parsons, A. J., Rook, A. J., Penning, P. D. and Orr, R. J. 2000. Dietary preference of sheep for perennial ryegrass and white clover at contrasting sward surface heights. Grass and Forage Science. 55 (3), pp. 242-252. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2494.2000.00222.x

The effect of gastrointestinal parasitism on grazing behaviour, herbage intake and performance in calves

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Forbes, A. B., Huckle, C. A., Gibb, M. J. and Rook, A. J. 1999. The effect of gastrointestinal parasitism on grazing behaviour, herbage intake and performance in calves. Cattle Practice. 7 (2), pp. 169-172.

The effect of gastrointestinal parasitism on grazing behaviour, herbage intake and performance in calves

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Forbes, A. B., Huckle, C. A., Gibb, M. J. and Rook, A. J. 1999. The effect of gastrointestinal parasitism on grazing behaviour, herbage intake and performance in calves. Abstracts of the Spring Meeting of the British Veterinary Cattle Association, Harper Adams College, Newport, Shropshire, 13-15 April 1999.

Nematode parasitism, herbage intake and grazing behaviour

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Forbes, A. B., Huckle, C. A., Gibb, M. J. and Rook, A. J. 1999. Nematode parasitism, herbage intake and grazing behaviour. Proceedings 53rd Annual Conference of the Association of Veterinary Teachers and Research Workers, Scarborough, 29-31 March 1999.

The effect of physiological state (lactating or dry) and sward surface height on grazing behaviour and intake by dairy cows

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Gibb, M. J., Huckle, C. A., Nuthall, R. and Rook, A. J. 1999. The effect of physiological state (lactating or dry) and sward surface height on grazing behaviour and intake by dairy cows. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 63 (4), pp. 269-287. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1591(99)00014-3

The assessment of quality - grazing and intake

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Orr, R. J. 1999. The assessment of quality - grazing and intake. Novel Material and the Assessment of Quality, Quality Feeds Theme Development Group Workshop IGER, Aberystwyth, 12 January 1999.

Matching food supply to animals' natural meal patterns

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Rook, A. J., Gibb, M. J. and Orr, R. J. 1999. Matching food supply to animals' natural meal patterns. Fifth International Symposium on the Nutrition of Herbivores, San Antonio, Texas, USA, 11-16 April 1999.

Long-term dietary preference for grass and clover in dairy cows

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Rutter, S. M., Orr, R. J., Yarrow, N. H., Champion, R. A., Atkinson, L. D. and Cook, J. E. 1999. Long-term dietary preference for grass and clover in dairy cows. Fifth International Symposium on the Nutrition of Herbivores, San Antonio, Texas, USA, 11-16 April 1999.

How do cattle and sheep alter ingestive behaviour in response to changes in sward state?

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Penning, P. D., Orr, R. J., Parsons, A. J. and Harvey, A. 1999. How do cattle and sheep alter ingestive behaviour in response to changes in sward state? Buchanan-Smith, J. G., Bailey, L. D. and McCaughey, P. (ed.) Grasslands 2000, Proceedings of the XVIII International Grassland Congress, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada, 8-17 June 1997 (Vol 1). Canadian Forage Council, Can Soc Agron, Can Soc Anim Sci.

Efficient use of grazed herbage by dairy cows

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Orr, R. J. 1998. Efficient use of grazed herbage by dairy cows. Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research IGER, North Wyke Okehampton.

Techniques for measuring bite dimensions and movement patterns within and between grazing bouts for cattle and sheep

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Harvey, A. and Orr, R. J. 1998. Techniques for measuring bite dimensions and movement patterns within and between grazing bouts for cattle and sheep. Gibb, M. J. (ed.) Techniques for Investigating Intake and Ingestive Behaviour by Farm Animals, Proceedings of the Ninth European Intake Workshop, IGER North Wyke, UK, 18-20 November 1998. Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, IGER, Aberystwyth. pp. 79-80

Techniques for Investigating Intake and Ingestive Behavior by Farm Animals. Proceedings of the 9th European Intake Workshop, IGER North Wyke, 18-20 November 1998

E - Books edited/written by staff member, alone/with others

Gibb, M. J. 1998. Techniques for Investigating Intake and Ingestive Behavior by Farm Animals. Proceedings of the 9th European Intake Workshop, IGER North Wyke, 18-20 November 1998. Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, IGER, Aberystwyth.

Movement patterns of sheep and cattle within and between continuous short-term grazing bouts

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Harvey, A., Parsons, A. J., Orr, R. J., Rutter, S. M. and Rook, A. J. 1998. Movement patterns of sheep and cattle within and between continuous short-term grazing bouts. Veissier, I. and Boissy, A. (ed.) Proceedings of the 32nd International Congress of the International Society of Applied Ethology (ISAE), Clermont-Ferrand, France, 21-25 July 1998.

Matching grass supply to grazing patterns for dairy cows under strip-grazing management

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Orr, R. J., Rutter, S. M., Penning, P. D., Yarrow, N. H., Atkinson, L. D. and Champion, R. A. 1998. Matching grass supply to grazing patterns for dairy cows under strip-grazing management. Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science Winter Meeting, Scarborough, UK, 23-25 March 1998. BSAS, Penicuik, UK. pp. 49

Management of perennial ryegrass/white clover swards continuously stocked with cattle

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Gibb, M. J. 1998. Management of perennial ryegrass/white clover swards continuously stocked with cattle. Mole Valley Feeds 'Beef and Sheep Day', Risdon and Huntsworth Mills, 15 and 22 October 1998.

Making best use of your grass for grazing

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Gibb, M. J. and Huckle, C. A. 1998. Making best use of your grass for grazing. Mole Valley Feeds 'Milk Day', Rison and Huntsworth Mills, 7 May and 16 July 1998.

Effect of time of day on grazing behaviour by lactating dairy cows

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Gibb, M. J., Huckle, C. A. and Nuthall, R. 1998. Effect of time of day on grazing behaviour by lactating dairy cows. Grass and Forage Science. 53 (1), pp. 41-46. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2494.1998.00102.x

Dietary preference of dairy cows grazing grass and clover

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Rutter, S. M., Orr, R. J., Penning, P. D., Yarrow, N. H., Champion, R. A. and Atkinson, L. D. 1998. Dietary preference of dairy cows grazing grass and clover. Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science Winter Meeting, Scarborough, UK, 23-25 March 1998. BSAS, Penicuik, UK. pp. 51

Costs of locomotive and ingestive behaviour by sheep grazing grass or clover monocultures or mixtures of the two species

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Champion, R. A., Rutter, S. M., Orr, R. J. and Penning, P. D. 1998. Costs of locomotive and ingestive behaviour by sheep grazing grass or clover monocultures or mixtures of the two species. Veissier, I. and Boissy, A. (ed.) Proceedings of the 32nd International Congress of the International Society of Applied Ethology (ISAE), Clermont-Ferrand, France, 21-25 July 1998.

Behavioural and physiological factors limiting intake by grazing ruminants

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Penning, P. D., Gibb, M. J., Parsons, A. J., Orr, R. J. and Harvey, A. 1998. Behavioural and physiological factors limiting intake by grazing ruminants. Keane, M. G. and O'Riordan, E. (ed.) Extensification of Beef and Sheep Production on Grasslands, Proceedings of Pasture Ecology and Animal Intake Groups Joint Meeting, St Patrick's College, Drumcondra, Dublin, Ireland, 24-25 September 1996. pp. 10-20

The effect of level of concentrate offered in parlour on intake and grazing behaviour by lactating dairy cows

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Gibb, M. J., Huckle, C. A. and Nuthall, R. 1997. The effect of level of concentrate offered in parlour on intake and grazing behaviour by lactating dairy cows. British Grassland Society (BGS) Fifth Research Conference, Seale Hayne Faculty of Agriculture Food & Land Use, University of Plymouth, Newton Abbot, Devon, 8-10 September 1997. British Grassland Society (BGS) Hurley. pp. 173-174

Sward state and ingestive behaviour by Friesian dairy heifers under rotational grazing

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Orr, R. J., Rutter, S. M., Penning, P. D., Yarrow, N. H. and Champion, R. A. 1997. Sward state and ingestive behaviour by Friesian dairy heifers under rotational grazing. British Grassland Society (BGS) Fifth Research Conference, Seale Hayne Faculty of Agriculture Food & Land Use, University of Plymouth, Newton Abbot, Devon, 8-10 September 1997. British Grassland Society (BGS) Hurley. pp. 51-52

Rates of passage of digesta in sheep grazing grass or white clover

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Kelly, C. L., Penning, P. D., Orr, R. J. and Champion, R. A. 1997. Rates of passage of digesta in sheep grazing grass or white clover. British Grassland Society (BGS) Fifth Research Conference, Seale Hayne Faculty of Agriculture Food & Land Use, University of Plymouth, Newton Abbot, Devon, 8-10 September 1997. British Grassland Society (BGS) Hurley. pp. 181-182

Measurement of intake rate, bite mass and bite rate by grazing dairy cows and the effect of time of day

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Gibb, M. J., Huckle, C. A. and Nuthall, R. 1997. Measurement of intake rate, bite mass and bite rate by grazing dairy cows and the effect of time of day. British Grassland Society (BGS) Fifth Research Conference, Seale Hayne Faculty of Agriculture Food & Land Use, University of Plymouth, Newton Abbot, Devon, 8-10 September 1997. British Grassland Society (BGS) Hurley. pp. 47-48

Managing daily intake by dry cows when grazing

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Huckle, C. A., Gibb, M. J. and Nuthall, R. 1997. Managing daily intake by dry cows when grazing. British Grassland Society (BGS) Fifth Research Conference, Seale Hayne Faculty of Agriculture Food & Land Use, University of Plymouth, Newton Abbot, Devon, 8-10 September 1997. British Grassland Society (BGS) Hurley. pp. 179-180

Efficient milk production from grass

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Young, N. E. and Gibb, M. J. 1997. Efficient milk production from grass. 27 (June).

Effect of sward surface height on intake and grazing behaviour by lactating Holstein Friesian cows

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Gibb, M. J., Huckle, C. A., Nuthall, R. and Rook, A. J. 1997. Effect of sward surface height on intake and grazing behaviour by lactating Holstein Friesian cows. Grass and Forage Science. 52 (3), pp. 309-321. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2494.1997.00080.x

Does supplementation with different feed types alter the preference by grazing ewes for grass and clover?

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Harvey, A., Orr, R. J. and Penning, P. D. 1997. Does supplementation with different feed types alter the preference by grazing ewes for grass and clover? British Grassland Society (BGS) Fifth Research Conference, Seale Hayne Faculty of Agriculture Food & Land Use, University of Plymouth, Newton Abbot, Devon, 8-10 September 1997. British Grassland Society (BGS) Hurley. pp. 177-178

Diurnal patterns of intake rate by sheep grazing monocultures of ryegrass or white clover

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Orr, R. J., Penning, P. D., Harvey, A. and Champion, R. A. 1997. Diurnal patterns of intake rate by sheep grazing monocultures of ryegrass or white clover. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 52, pp. 65-77.

Distinguishing bites and chews in recordings of the grazing jaw movements of cattle

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Champion, R. A., Rutter, S. M. and Orr, R. J. 1997. Distinguishing bites and chews in recordings of the grazing jaw movements of cattle. British Grassland Society (BGS) Fifth Research Conference, Seale Hayne Faculty of Agriculture Food & Land Use, University of Plymouth, Newton Abbot, Devon, 8-10 September 1997. British Grassland Society (BGS) Hurley. pp. 171-172

Dietary preferences of domestic ruminants

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Rutter, S. M., Penning, P. D., Parsons, A. J., Harvey, A. and Orr, R. J. 1997. Dietary preferences of domestic ruminants. Forbes, J. M., Lawrence, T. L. J., Rodway, R. G. and Varley, M. A. (ed.) Animal Choices, British Society of Animal Science Occasional Publication No 20. BSAS, Edinburgh. pp. 96-97

Diet preferences of adult sheep and goats grazing ryegrass and white clover

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Penning, P. D., Newman, J. A., Parsons, A. J., Harvey, A. and Orr, R. J. 1997. Diet preferences of adult sheep and goats grazing ryegrass and white clover. Small Ruminant Research. 24, pp. 175-184. https://doi.org/10.1051/animres:19950583

Bite dimensions and grazing severity for cattle and sheep

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Orr, R. J., Harvey, A., Kelly, C. L. and Penning, P. D. 1997. Bite dimensions and grazing severity for cattle and sheep. British Grassland Society (BGS) Fifth Research Conference, Seale Hayne Faculty of Agriculture Food & Land Use, University of Plymouth, Newton Abbot, Devon, 8-10 September 1997. British Grassland Society (BGS) Hurley. pp. 185-186

Behavioural strategies of dairy cows grazing swards of different surface heights

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Gibb, M. J., Huckle, C. A., Nuthall, R. and Rook, A. J. 1997. Behavioural strategies of dairy cows grazing swards of different surface heights. Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science Winter Meeting, Scarborough, UK, 24-26 March 1997. BSAS. pp. 136

Animal grazing/intake terminology and definitions

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Gibb, M. J. 1997. Animal grazing/intake terminology and definitions. Keane, M. G. and O'Riordan, E. (ed.) Extensification of Beef and Sheep Production on Grasslands, Proceedings of Pasture Ecology and Animal Intake Groups Joint Meeting, St Patrick's College, Drumcondra, Dublin, Ireland, 24-25 September 1996. pp. 21-37

An algorithm for the automatic processing of recordings of foraging behaviour by cattle

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Rutter, S. M., Penning, P. D., Rook, A. J., Orr, R. J., Gibb, M. J., Champion, R. A. and Huckle, C. A. 1997. An algorithm for the automatic processing of recordings of foraging behaviour by cattle. Hemsworth, P. and Spinka, M. (ed.) Proceedings of the 31st International Congress of the International Society for Applied Ethology, Prague, Czech Republic, 13-16 August 1997. pp. 216

Foraging behaviour of free ranging domestic ruminants

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Rutter, S. M., Penning, P. D., Parsons, A. J., Harvey, A. and Orr, R. J. 1996. Foraging behaviour of free ranging domestic ruminants. Mini-symposium on diet selection in animals and man, Grassmere, Cumbria, 1-4 July 1996.

Why can't dairy heifers graze clover quicker than grass?

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Rutter, S. M., Penning, P. D., Champion, R. A. and Orr, R. J. 1996. Why can't dairy heifers graze clover quicker than grass? Duncan, I. J. H., Widowski, T. M. and Haley, D. B. (ed.) Proceedings of the 30th International Congress of the International Society of Applied Ethology (ISAE), Col K L Campbell Centre for the Study of Animal Welfare, Guelph, Ontario, Canada, 14-17 August 1996. University of Guelph, Centre for the Study of Animal Welfare. pp. 134

The effects of spatial aggregation of grass and clover swards grazed by sheep on diet and sward composition

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Harvey, A. and Orr, R. J. 1996. The effects of spatial aggregation of grass and clover swards grazed by sheep on diet and sward composition. Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 112th Meeting, Scarborough, 18-20 March 1996.

The effects of grass nitrogen status on the preference by sheep grazing ryegrass and white clover

B - Book chapters etc edited externally

Harvey, A., Orr, R. J., Parsons, A. J., Penning, P. D. and Vincent, J. F. V. 1996. The effects of grass nitrogen status on the preference by sheep grazing ryegrass and white clover. in: Younie, D. (ed.) Legumes in Sustainable Farming Systems, British Grassland Society Occasional Symposium No 30 (Proceedings of joint conference of BGS and SFS Initiative, SAC, Craibstone, Aberdeen, 2-4 September 1996) British Grassland Society (BGS) Hurley. pp. 227-229

How cows graze

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Gibb, M. J. and Rutter, S. M. 1996. How cows graze. Young, Stephen (ed.) IGER Annual Report 1995/96. Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, IGER, Aberystwyth. pp. 62

Grazing behaviour and herbage intake rate by Friesian dairy heifers grazing ryegrass or white clover

B - Book chapters etc edited externally

Orr, R. J., Rutter, S. M., Penning, P. D., Yarrow, N. H. and Champion, R. A. 1996. Grazing behaviour and herbage intake rate by Friesian dairy heifers grazing ryegrass or white clover. in: Younie, D. (ed.) Legumes in Sustainable Farming Systems, British Grassland Society Occasional Symposium No 30 (Proceedings of joint conference of BGS and SFS Initiative, SAC, Craibstone, Aberdeen, 2-4 September 1996) British Grassland Society (BGS) Hurley. pp. 221-224

Effects of continuous stocking with sheep or goats on sward composition and animal production from a grass and white clover pasture

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Penning, P. D., Johnson, R. H. and Orr, R. J. 1996. Effects of continuous stocking with sheep or goats on sward composition and animal production from a grass and white clover pasture. Small Ruminant Research. 21, pp. 19-29.

Dietary preference of sheep for grass and clover at contrasting sward surface heights

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Harvey, A. and Orr, R. J. 1996. Dietary preference of sheep for grass and clover at contrasting sward surface heights. Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 112th Meeting, Scarborough, 18-20 March 1996.

Can grazed pasture meet the needs of the high genetic merit dairy cow?

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Gibb, M. J., Huckle, C. A., Nuthall, R. and Penning, P. D. 1996. Can grazed pasture meet the needs of the high genetic merit dairy cow? Grass and Forage for Cattle of High Genetic Merit, British Grassland Society Conference, Great Malvern, UK, 25-26 November 1996.

The role of learning and experience in the development of dietary choice by sheep and goats

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Orr, R. J., Penning, P. D., Parsons, A. J., Harvey, A. and Newman, J. A. 1995. The role of learning and experience in the development of dietary choice by sheep and goats. Fourth International Symposium on the Nutrition of Herbivores, 11-15 September 1995, Clermont-Ferrand, France.

The preference of adult sheep and goats grazing ryegrass and white clover

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Penning, P. D., Newman, J. A., Parsons, A. J., Harvey, A. and Orr, R. J. 1995. The preference of adult sheep and goats grazing ryegrass and white clover. Fourth International Symposium on the Nutrition of Herbivores, 11-15 September 1995, Clermont-Ferrand, France.

The performance and changes in body composition of steers offered cut grass or grazing following three patterns of nutrition in winter

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Baker, R. D. and Gibb, M. J. 1995. The performance and changes in body composition of steers offered cut grass or grazing following three patterns of nutrition in winter. Animal Science. 60, pp. 419-427. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1357729800013291

The effect of sward surface height on grazing behaviour by lactating Holstein-Friesian cows

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Gibb, M. J., Rook, A. J., Huckle, C. A. and Nuthall, R. 1995. The effect of sward surface height on grazing behaviour by lactating Holstein-Friesian cows. Proceedings of the 111th Meeting of the British Society of Animal Science, Scarborough, 20-22 March 1995.

Lactation performance of spring-calving dairy cows grazing mixed perennial ryegrass/white clover swards of differing composition and height

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Wilkins, R. J., Gibb, M. J. and Huckle, C. A. 1995. Lactation performance of spring-calving dairy cows grazing mixed perennial ryegrass/white clover swards of differing composition and height. Grass and Forage Science. 50 (3), pp. 199-208. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1995.tb02315.x

Intake and behaviour responses by sheep, in different physiological states, when grazing monocultures of grass or white clover

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Penning, P. D., Parsons, A. J., Orr, R. J., Harvey, A. and Champion, R. A. 1995. Intake and behaviour responses by sheep, in different physiological states, when grazing monocultures of grass or white clover. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 45, pp. 63-78.

Herbage intake rates and grazing behaviour of sheep and goats grazing grass or white clover

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Penning, P. D., Orr, R. J., Parsons, A. J., Harvey, A. and Newman, J. A. 1995. Herbage intake rates and grazing behaviour of sheep and goats grazing grass or white clover. Fourth International Symposium on the Nutrition of Herbivores, 11-15 September 1995, Clermont-Ferrand, France.

Herbage intake and N excretion by sheep grazing monocultures or a mixture of grass and white clover

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Orr, R. J., Penning, P. D., Parsons, A. J. and Champion, R. A. 1995. Herbage intake and N excretion by sheep grazing monocultures or a mixture of grass and white clover. Grass and Forage Science. 50 (1), pp. 31-40. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1995.tb02291.x

Estimation of herbage intake by dairy cows from measurements of grazing behaviour and weight change

B - Book chapters etc edited externally

Gibb, M. J., Rook, A. J., Huckle, C. A. and Nuthall, R. 1995. Estimation of herbage intake by dairy cows from measurements of grazing behaviour and weight change. in: Rutter, S. M., Rushen, J., Randle, H. D. and Eddison, J. C. (ed.) Proceedings of the 29th International Congress of the International Society for Applied Ethology, Exeter, UK, 3-5 August 1995 Universities Federation for Animal Welfare. pp. 71-72

Dietary preference of heifers for grass or clover, with and without romensin slow-release anti-bloat boluses

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Penning, P. D., Parsons, A. J., Orr, R. J., Harvey, A. and Yarrow, N. H. 1995. Dietary preference of heifers for grass or clover, with and without romensin slow-release anti-bloat boluses. Proceedings of the 111th Meeting of the British Society of Animal Science, Scarborough, 20-22 March 1995.

Intake behaviour and production responses by sheep, in different physiological states, grazing monocultures of grass or white clover

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Penning, P. D., Parsons, A. J., Orr, R. J. and Harvey, A. 1994. Intake behaviour and production responses by sheep, in different physiological states, grazing monocultures of grass or white clover. Abstracts 45th Annual Meeting of the European Association for Animal Production, EAAP, Edinburgh, September 1994. pp. 281

The use of short-term weight changes to measure intake rates in grazing dairy cattle

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Huckle, C. A., Nuthall, R. and Gibb, M. J. 1994. The use of short-term weight changes to measure intake rates in grazing dairy cattle. Fourth British Grassland Society (BGS) Research Conference, Reading University, UK, 26-28 September 1994.

The effect of concentrate level on the intakes of silages or hays by ewes in the first month of lactation

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Orr, R. J. and Treacher, T. T. 1994. The effect of concentrate level on the intakes of silages or hays by ewes in the first month of lactation. Animal Production. 58, pp. 109-116.

Intake and behaviour responses by sheep to changes in sward characteristics under rotational grazing

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Penning, P. D., Parsons, A. J., Orr, R. J. and Hooper, J. E. 1994. Intake and behaviour responses by sheep to changes in sward characteristics under rotational grazing. Grass and Forage Science. 49 (4), pp. 476-486. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1994.tb02025.x

Fasting affects intake behaviour and diet preference of grazing sheep

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Newman, J. A., Penning, P. D., Parsons, A. J., Harvey, A. and Orr, R. J. 1994. Fasting affects intake behaviour and diet preference of grazing sheep. Animal Behaviour. 47, pp. 185-193. https://doi.org/10.1006/anbe.1994.1021

Factors affecting the rate of insensible weight loss in dairy cattle

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Nuthall, R., Huckle, C. A. and Gibb, M. J. 1994. Factors affecting the rate of insensible weight loss in dairy cattle. Fourth British Grassland Society (BGS) Research Conference, Reading University, UK, 26-28 September 1994.

Evaluation of the inclusion of estimators of body composition in models for the prediction of milk production by dairy cows

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Rook, A. J., Gibb, M. J., Ivings, W. E., Aston, K. and Sutton, J. D. 1994. Evaluation of the inclusion of estimators of body composition in models for the prediction of milk production by dairy cows. Journal Of Dairy Research. 61 (3), pp. 415-418. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022029900030831

Effect of supplementation on production by spring-calving dairy cows grazing swards of differing clover content

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Wilkins, R. J., Gibb, M. J., Huckle, C. A. and Clements, A. J. 1994. Effect of supplementation on production by spring-calving dairy cows grazing swards of differing clover content. Grass and Forage Science. 49 (4), pp. 465-475. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1994.tb02024.x

Diurnal patterns of ingestive behaviour by sheep

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Orr, R. J., Harvey, A. and Champion, R. A. 1994. Diurnal patterns of ingestive behaviour by sheep. Fourth British Grassland Society (BGS) Research Conference, 26-28 September 1994, Reading University.

Diet preference of sheep: effects of recent diet, physiological state and species abundance

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Parsons, A. J., Newman, J. A., Penning, P. D., Harvey, A. and Orr, R. J. 1994. Diet preference of sheep: effects of recent diet, physiological state and species abundance. Journal of Animal Ecology. 63, pp. 465-478. https://doi.org/10.2307/5563

The prediction of milk solids yields on grass silage diets

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Sutton, J. D., Aston, K., Gibb, M. J. and Rook, A. J. 1993. The prediction of milk solids yields on grass silage diets.

The effects of quantity and duration of milk feeding on the intake of concentrates and growth of castrated male Saanen kids to slaughter

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Yan, T., Cook, J. E., Gibb, M. J., Ivings, W. E. and Treacher, T. T. 1993. The effects of quantity and duration of milk feeding on the intake of concentrates and growth of castrated male Saanen kids to slaughter. Animal Production. 56 (3), pp. 327-332. https://doi.org/10.1017/S000335610000636X

The effects of group size on grazing time in sheep

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Penning, P. D., Parsons, A. J., Newman, J. A., Orr, R. J. and Harvey, A. 1993. The effects of group size on grazing time in sheep. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 37, pp. 101-109. https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-1591(93)90103-V

Relationships between velocity of ultrasound in live lactating dairy cows and some post-slaughter measurements of body composition

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Ivings, W. E., Gibb, M. J., Dhanoa, M. S. and Fisher, A. V. 1993. Relationships between velocity of ultrasound in live lactating dairy cows and some post-slaughter measurements of body composition. Animal Production. 56 (1), pp. 9-16.

Performance of British Saanen, Boer x British Saanen and Anglo-Nubian castrated male kids from 8 weeks to slaughter at 28, 33 or 38 kg live weight

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Gibb, M. J., Cook, J. E. and Treacher, T. T. 1993. Performance of British Saanen, Boer x British Saanen and Anglo-Nubian castrated male kids from 8 weeks to slaughter at 28, 33 or 38 kg live weight. Animal Production. 57, pp. 263-271. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003356100006875

Factors controlling meal length and herbage intake rate by grazing sheep

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Penning, P. D., Orr, R. J., Parsons, A. J. and Rutter, S. M. 1993. Factors controlling meal length and herbage intake rate by grazing sheep. Proceedings of the Third International Congress on Applied Ethology, July 1993, Berlin, Germany. Humboldt University, Berlin. pp. 498-500

Effects of some factors on insensible weight loss in grazing sheep

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Dumont, B., Penning, P. D., Orr, R. J. and D'Hour, P. 1993. Effects of some factors on insensible weight loss in grazing sheep. Proceedings of 8iemes Journees des Recherches sur l'Alimentation et la Nutrition des Herbivores, 24-25 March 1993, Paris, France.

Dietary preferences of sheep and goats

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Penning, P. D., Parsons, A. J., Harvey, A. and Orr, R. J. 1993. Dietary preferences of sheep and goats. Proceedings from Agricultural and Environmental Management "Pointers for Change", 8 April 1993, National Agricultural Conference, Stoneleigh, UK.

A note on the estimation of the body fat, protein and energy content of lactating Holstein-Friesian cows by measurement of condition score and live weight

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Gibb, M. J. and Ivings, W. E. 1993. A note on the estimation of the body fat, protein and energy content of lactating Holstein-Friesian cows by measurement of condition score and live weight. Animal Production. 56 (2), pp. 281-283. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003356100021383

The use of fish meal and monensin as supplements to grass silage and their effect on body composition changes in steers from 5 months of age to slaughter

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Gibb, M. J. and Baker, R. D. 1992. The use of fish meal and monensin as supplements to grass silage and their effect on body composition changes in steers from 5 months of age to slaughter. Animal Production. 55 (1), pp. 47-57. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003356100037260

Body composition and performance of autumn-calving Holstein-Friesian dairy cows during lactation: chemical composition of the body

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Gibb, M. J., Ivings, W. E. and Sutton, J. D. 1992. Body composition and performance of autumn-calving Holstein-Friesian dairy cows during lactation: chemical composition of the body.

Uptake, cycling and fate of nitrogen in grass-clover swards continuously grazed by sheep

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Parsons, A. J., Orr, R. J., Penning, P. D. and Lockyer, D. R. 1991. Uptake, cycling and fate of nitrogen in grass-clover swards continuously grazed by sheep. The Journal of Agricultural Science. 116, pp. 47-61. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021859600076139

Patterns of ingestive behaviour of sheep continuously stocked on monocultures of ryegrass or white clover

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Penning, P. D., Rook, A. J. and Orr, R. J. 1991. Patterns of ingestive behaviour of sheep continuously stocked on monocultures of ryegrass or white clover. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 31, pp. 237-250.

Micrometeorological studies of ammonia emission from sheep grazed swards

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Jarvis, S. C., Hatch, D. J., Orr, R. J. and Reynolds, S. E. 1991. Micrometeorological studies of ammonia emission from sheep grazed swards. The Journal of Agricultural Science. 117, pp. 101-109. https://doi.org/Reynolds(a1)DOI:https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021859600079028

Intake and behaviour responses by sheep to changes in sward characteristics under continuous stocking

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Penning, P. D., Parsons, A. J., Orr, R. J. and Treacher, T. T. 1991. Intake and behaviour responses by sheep to changes in sward characteristics under continuous stocking. Grass and Forage Science. 46, pp. 15-28.

The use of cold-flow ammonia and bag silos in the production of maize silage for beef production. Results of a trial commissioned by the Maize Growers' Association, conducted at Buildings Farm, Marcham, winter 1989-90

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Gibb, M. J. 1990. The use of cold-flow ammonia and bag silos in the production of maize silage for beef production. Results of a trial commissioned by the Maize Growers' Association, conducted at Buildings Farm, Marcham, winter 1989-90.

The performance of ewes offered diets containing different proportions of perennial ryegrass and white clover silage in late pregnancy

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Orr, R. J. and Treacher, T. T. 1990. The performance of ewes offered diets containing different proportions of perennial ryegrass and white clover silage in late pregnancy. Animal Production. 51, pp. 143-153.

Sward composition, animal performance and the potential production of grass/white clover swards continuously stocked with sheep

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Orr, R. J., Parsons, A. J., Penning, P. D. and Treacher, T. T. 1990. Sward composition, animal performance and the potential production of grass/white clover swards continuously stocked with sheep. Grass and Forage Science. 45, pp. 325-336.

Intakes of silages, hays or straws by ewes in mid pregnancy

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Orr, R. J. and Treacher, T. T. 1990. Intakes of silages, hays or straws by ewes in mid pregnancy. Animal Production. 51, pp. 301-310.