Genetic diversity, population structure and phenotypic variation in European Salix viminalis L. (Salicaceae)

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Berlin, S., Trybush, S. O., Fogelqvist, J., Gyllenstrand, N., Hallingback, H. R., Ahman, I., Nordh, N-E., Shield, I. F., Powers, S. J., Weih, M., Lagercrantz, U., Ronnberg-Wastljung, A-C., Karp, A. and Hanley, S. J. 2014. Genetic diversity, population structure and phenotypic variation in European Salix viminalis L. (Salicaceae). Tree Genetics & Genomes. 10 (6), pp. 1595-1610. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-014-0782-5

AuthorsBerlin, S., Trybush, S. O., Fogelqvist, J., Gyllenstrand, N., Hallingback, H. R., Ahman, I., Nordh, N-E., Shield, I. F., Powers, S. J., Weih, M., Lagercrantz, U., Ronnberg-Wastljung, A-C., Karp, A. and Hanley, S. J.
Abstract

To investigate the potential of association genetics for willow breeding, Salix viminalis germplasm was assembled from UK and Swedish collections (comprising accessions from several European countries) and new samples collected from nature. A subset of the germplasm was planted at two sites (UK and Sweden), genotyped using 38 SSR markers and assessed for phenological and biomass traits. Population structure, genetic differentiation (F ST ) and quantitative trait differentiation (Q ST ) were investigated. The extent and patterns of trait adaptation were assessed by comparing F ST  and Q ST parameters. Of the 505 genotyped diploid accessions, 27 % were not unique. Genetic diversity was high: 471 alleles was amplified; the mean number of alleles per locus was 13.46, mean observed heterozygosity was 0.55 and mean expected heterozygosity was 0.62. Bayesian clustering identified four subpopulations which generally corresponded to Western Russia, Western Europe, Eastern Europe and Sweden. All pairwise F ST values were highly significant (p < 0.001) with the greatest genetic differentiation detected between the Western Russian and the Western European subpopulations (F ST=0.12), and the smallest between the Swedish and Eastern European populations (F ST=0.04). The Swedish population also had the highest number of identical accessions, supporting the view that S. viminalis was introduced into this country and has been heavily influenced by humans. Q ST values were high for growth cessation and leaf senescence, and to some extent stem diameter, but low for bud burst time and shoot number. Overall negative clines between longitudinal coordinates and leaf senescence, bud burst and stem diameter were also found.

KeywordsSalix; Population structure; Adaptation; Breeding; SSRs
Year of Publication2014
JournalTree Genetics & Genomes
Journal citation10 (6), pp. 1595-1610
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-014-0782-5
Open accessPublished as ‘gold’ (paid) open access
FunderBiotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
Funder project or codeCropping Carbon (CC) [ISPG]
Towards targeted breeding of a European SRC willow crop for diverse environments and future climates (BREDNET-SRC)
Project: 5024
Publisher's version
Output statusPublished
Publication dates
Online28 Aug 2014
Publication process dates
Accepted24 Jul 2014
Copyright licenseCC BY
PublisherSpringer
Springer Heidelberg
ISSN1614-2942

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