Apoplastic recognition of multiple candidate effectors from the wheat pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici in the nonhost plant Nicotiana benthamiana

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Kettles, G. J., Bayon, C., Canning, G., Rudd, J. J. and Kanyuka, K. 2017. Apoplastic recognition of multiple candidate effectors from the wheat pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici in the nonhost plant Nicotiana benthamiana. New Phytologist. 213 (1), pp. 338-350. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.14215

AuthorsKettles, G. J., Bayon, C., Canning, G., Rudd, J. J. and Kanyuka, K.
Abstract

The fungus Zymoseptoria tritici is a strictly apoplastic, host-specific pathogen of wheat leaves and causal agent of septoria tritici blotch (STB) disease. All other plants are considered nonhosts, but the mechanism of nonhost resistance (NHR) to Z. tritici has not been addressed previously. We sought to develop Nicotiana benthamiana as a system to study NHR against Z. tritici. Fluorescence microscopy and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reactions were used to establish the interaction between Z. tritici and N. benthamiana. Agrobacteriummediated transient expression was used to screen putative Z. tritici effector genes for recognition in N. benthamiana, and virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) was employed to determine the role of two receptor-like kinases (RLKs), NbBAK1 and NbSOBIR1, in Z. tritici effector recognition. Numerous Z. tritici putative effectors (14 of 63 tested) induced cell death or chlorosis in N. benthamiana. For most, phenotypes were light-dependent and required effector secretion to the leaf apoplastic space. Moreover, effector-induced host cell death was dependent on NbBAK1 and NbSOBIR1. Our results indicate widespread recognition of apoplastic effectors from a wheat-infecting fungal pathogen in a taxonomically distant nonhost plant species presumably by cell surface immune receptors. This suggests that apoplastic recognition of multiple nonadapted pathogen effectors may contribute to NHR.

KeywordsPlant Sciences
Year of Publication2017
JournalNew Phytologist
Journal citation213 (1), pp. 338-350
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.14215
PubMed ID27696417
Open accessPublished as ‘gold’ (paid) open access
FunderRothamsted Institute Fellowship Programme
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
Rothamsted Research
Funder project or codeIDG/Identifying cell death-inducing effectors and host targets in the interaction of wheat leaves with the fungal pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici (Mycosphaerella graminicola)
20:20 Wheat [ISPG]
Publisher's version
Output statusPublished
Publication dates
Online03 Oct 2016
Publication process dates
Accepted19 Aug 2016
Copyright licenseCC BY
PublisherWiley
ISSN0028-646X

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