The Mycotoxin Deoxynivalenol Significantly Alters the Function and Metabolism of Bovine Kidney Epithelial Cells In Vitro

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Bailey, J. R., Breton, J., Panic, G., Cogan, T. A., Bailey, M., Swann, J. A. and Lee, M. R. F. 2019. The Mycotoxin Deoxynivalenol Significantly Alters the Function and Metabolism of Bovine Kidney Epithelial Cells In Vitro. Toxins. 11 (10), p. 554. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins11100554

AuthorsBailey, J. R., Breton, J., Panic, G., Cogan, T. A., Bailey, M., Swann, J. A. and Lee, M. R. F.
Abstract

Bovine mycotoxicosis is a disorder caused by the ingestion of fungal toxins. It is associated with chronic signs, such as reduced growth rate and milk yield, and causes significant economic cost to the dairy industry. The mycotoxins deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEN), and fumonisin B1 (FB1) are commonly found in grain fed to cattle. Patulin (PA) is a common grass silage contaminant but is also found in grain. The effects of these mycotoxins on cellular function at low concentrations are not well understood. Using Madin–Darby bovine kidney cells we evaluated the cellular response to these mycotoxins, measuring cytotoxicity, de novo protein synthesis, cell proliferation, cell cycle analysis, and also metabolic profiling by 1H NMR spectroscopy. DON, ZEN, and PA induced cytotoxicity, and PA and FB1 induced a decrease in metabolic activity in surviving cells. DON was the only mycotoxin found to have a significant effect on the metabolic profile, with exposed cells showing increased cellular amino acids, lactate, 2-oxoglutarate, 3-hydroxybutyrate, and UDP-N-acetylglucosamine and decreased β-alanine, choline, creatine, taurine, and myo-inositol. Cells exposed to DON also showed decreased protein synthesis. DON has previously been documented as being a ribotoxin; the results here suggest that exposure of bovine cells to DON causes a decrease in protein synthesis with corresponding cellular accumulation of precursors. Cell proliferation was also arrested without causing apoptosis. It is likely that exposure triggers hypoxic, hypertonic, and ribotoxic responses in bovine cells, and that these responses contribute to reduced productivity in exposed cattle.

KeywordsMycotoxicosis; Metabolic profiling; Protein synthesis; Cell cycle arrest
Year of Publication2019
JournalToxins
Journal citation11 (10), p. 554
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins11100554
Open accessPublished as ‘gold’ (paid) open access
FunderBiotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
Funder project or codeA metabonomic approach to identify biomarkers for bovine mycotoxicosis
Publisher's version
Copyright license
CC BY
Output statusPublished
Publication dates
Online20 Sep 2019
Publication process dates
Accepted12 Sep 2019
PublisherMDPI
ISSN2072-6651

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