The impact of reducing fatty acid desaturation on the composition and thermal stability of rapeseed oil

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Kaur, H., Wang, L., Stawniak, N., Sloan, R., Van-Erp, H., Eastmond, P. J. and Bancroft, I. 2019. The impact of reducing fatty acid desaturation on the composition and thermal stability of rapeseed oil . Plant Biotechnology Journal. https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.13263

AuthorsKaur, H., Wang, L., Stawniak, N., Sloan, R., Van-Erp, H., Eastmond, P. J. and Bancroft, I.
Abstract

Oilseed rape (Brassica napus) is the third largest source of vegetable oil globally. In addition to food uses, there are industrial applications that exploit the ability of the species to accumulate the very-long-chain fatty acid (VLCFA) erucic acid in its seed oil, controlled by orthologues of FATTY ACID ELONGASE 1 (Bna.FAE1.A8 and Bna.FAE1.C3). The proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in rapeseed oil is predicted to affect its thermal stability and is controlled by orthologues of FATTY ACID DESATURASE 2, particularly Bna.FAD2.C5. Our aim was to develop rapeseed lines combining high erucic and low PUFA characters and to assess the impact on thermal stability of the oil they produce. The new type of rapeseed oil (high erucic low polyunsaturate; HELP) contained a substantially greater proportion of erucic acid (54%) compared with high erucic rapeseed oil (46%). Although the total VLCFA content was greater in oil from HELP lines (64%) than from high erucic rapeseed (57%), analysis of triacylglycerol composition showed negligible incorporation of VLCFAs into the sn-2 position. Rancimat analysis showed that the thermal stability of rapeseed oil was improved greatly as a consequence of reduction of PUFA content, from 3.8 and 4.2 h in conventional low erucic and high erucic rapeseed oils, respectively, to 11.3 and 16.4 h in high oleic low PUFA (HOLP) and HELP oils, respectively. Our results demonstrate that engineering of the lipid biosynthetic pathway of rapeseed, using traditional approaches, enables the production of renewable industrial oils with novel composition and properties.

KeywordsBrassica napus; Rapeseed; Oilseed rape; Polyunsaturated fatty acids; Thermal stability; Erucic acid
Year of Publication2019
JournalPlant Biotechnology Journal
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.13263
Open accessPublished as green open access
FunderBiotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
Funder project or codeTailoring Plant Metabolism
BB/M028534/1
TPM - Tailoring Plant Metabolism - Work package 1 (WP1) - High value lipids for health and industry
Publisher's version
Output statusPublished
Publication dates
Online25 Sep 2019
Publication process dates
Accepted17 Sep 2019
PublisherWiley
ISSN1467-7644

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