A balanced view of scale in spatial statistical analysis

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Dungan, J. L., Perry, J. N., Dale, M. R. T., Legendre, P., Citron-Pousty, S., Fortin, M-J., Jakomulska, A., Miriti, M. and Rosenberg, M. S. 2002. A balanced view of scale in spatial statistical analysis. Ecography. 25 (5), pp. 626-640. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0587.2002.250510.x

AuthorsDungan, J. L., Perry, J. N., Dale, M. R. T., Legendre, P., Citron-Pousty, S., Fortin, M-J., Jakomulska, A., Miriti, M. and Rosenberg, M. S.
Abstract

Concepts of spatial scale, such as extent, grain, resolution, range, footprint, support and cartographic ratio are not interchangeable. Because of the potential confusion among the definitions of these terms, we suggest that authors avoid the term "scale" and instead refer to specific concepts. In particular, we are careful to discriminate between observation scales, scales of ecological phenomena and scales used in spatial statistical analysis. When scales of observation or analysis change, that is, when the unit size, shape, spacing or extent are altered, statistical results are expected to change. The kinds of results that may change include estimates of the population mean and variance, the strength and character of spatial autocorrelation and spatial anisotropy, patch and gap sizes and multivariate relationships, The First three of these results (precision of the mean, variance and spatial autocorrelation) can sometimes be estimated using geostatistical support-effect models. We present four case studies of organism abundance and cover illustrating some of these changes and how conclusions about ecological phenomena (process and structure) may be affected. We identify the influence of observational scale on statistical results as a subset of what geographers call the Modifiable Area Unit Problem (MAUP). The way to avoid the MAUP is by careful construction of sampling design and analysis. We recommend a set of considerations for sampling design to allow useful tests for specific scales of a phenomenon under study. We further recommend that ecological studies completely report all components of observation and analysis scales to increase the possibility of cross-study comparisons.

Keywordsbiodiversity conservation; Ecology
Year of Publication2002
JournalEcography
Journal citation25 (5), pp. 626-640
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0587.2002.250510.x
Open accessPublished as bronze (free) open access
Funder project or code433
510
Research into spatio-temporal dynamics for ecological and agricultural populations
Publisher's version
PublisherWiley
ISSN0906-7590

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