Redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) and lamb's quarters ‎‎(Chenopodium album L.) populations exhibit a high degree of ‎morphological and biochemical diversity

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Moghadam, S. H., Alebrahim, M. T., Tobeh, A., Mohebodini, M., Werck-Reichhart, D., Macgregor, D. and Tseng, Te Ming 2021. Redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) and lamb's quarters ‎‎(Chenopodium album L.) populations exhibit a high degree of ‎morphological and biochemical diversity . Frontiers in Plant Science. 12, p. 593037. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.593037

AuthorsMoghadam, S. H., Alebrahim, M. T., Tobeh, A., Mohebodini, M., Werck-Reichhart, D., Macgregor, D. and Tseng, Te Ming
Abstract

Amaranthus retroflexus L. and Chenopodium album L. are noxious weeds that have a cosmopolitan distribution. These species successfully invade and are adapted to a wide variety of diverse climates. In this paper we evaluated the morphology and biochemistry of 16 populations of A. retroflexus L. and 17 populations of C. album L.. Seeds from populations collected from Spain, France and Iran were grown together at the experimental field of the agriculture research of University of Mohaghegh Ardabili and a suite of morphological traits and biochemical traits were assessed. Among the populations of A. retroflexus L. and of C. album L. were observed significant differences for all the measured traits. The number of branches for A. retroflexus L. (12.22) and inflorescence length (14.34) for C. album L. were the two characteristics that exhibited the maximum coefficient of variation. Principal component analysis of these data identified four principal components for each species that explained 83.54 (A. retroflexus L.) and 88.98 (C. album L.) of the total variation. A dendrogram based on unweighted neighbor-joining method clustered all the A. retroflexus L. and C. album L. into two main clusters and four sub-clusters. Canonical correlation analysis was used to evaluate relationships between climate classification of origin and traits. Similarly, the measured characteristics did not group along Köppen climate classification. Both analyses support the conclusion that A. retroflexus L. and C. album L. exhibit high levels of diversity despite similar environmental histories. Both species also exhibit a high diversity of the measured biochemical compounds indicating they exhibit different metabolic profiles even when grown concurrently and sympatrically. Several of the biochemical constituents identified in our study could serve as effective indices for indirect selection of stresses resistance/tolerance of A. retroflexus L. and C. album L. The diversity of the morphological and biochemical traits observed among these populations illustrates how the unique selection pressures faced by each population can alter the biology of these plants. This understanding provides new insights to how these invasive plant species successfully colonize diverse ecosystems and suggests methods for their management under novel and changing environmental conditions.

KeywordsCluster analysis ; Morphological and biochemical traits; Noxious weeds; Principle component analysis; Climate change
Year of Publication2021
JournalFrontiers in Plant Science
Journal citation12, p. 593037
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.593037
Web address (URL)https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.593037/full
Open accessPublished as ‘gold’ (paid) open access
FunderBiotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
Funder project or codeBBSRC Strategic Programme in Smart Crop Protection
Publisher's version
Accepted author manuscript
Supplemental file
Output statusPublished
Publication dates
Online29 Jan 2021
Publication process dates
Accepted07 Jan 2021
PublisherFrontiers Media SA
ISSN1664-462X

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