The Gene Ontology knowledgebase in 2023

Aleksander, S. A., Balhoff, J., Carbon, S., Cherry, J. M., Drabkin, H. J., Ebert, D., Feuermann, M., Gaudet, P., Harris, N. L., Hill, D. P., Lee, R., Mi, H., Moxon, S., Mungall, C. J., Muruganugan, A., Mushayahama, T., Sternberg, P. W., Thomas, P. D., Auken, K. V., Ramsey, J., Siegele, D. A., Chisholm, R. L., Fey, P., Aspromonte, M. C., Nugnes, M. V., Quaglia, F., Tosatto, S., Giglio, M., Nadendla, S., Antonazzo, G., Attrill, H., Santos, G. D., Marygold, S., Strelets, V., Tabone, C. J., Thurmond, J., Zhou, P., Ahmed, S. H., Asanitthong, P., Buitrago, D. L., Erdol, M. N., Gage, M. C., Kadhum, M. A., Li, K. Y. C., Long, M., Michalak, A., Pesala, A., Pritazahra, A., Saverimuttu, S. C. C., Su, R., Thurlow, K. E., Lovering, R. C., Logie, C., Oliferenko, S., Blake, J., Christie, K., Corbani, L., Dolan, M. E., Drabkin, H. J., Hill, D. P., Ni, L., Sitnikov, D., Smith, C., Cuzick, A., Seager, J., Cooper, L., Elser, J., Jaiswal, P., Gupta, P., Jaiswal, P., Naithani, S., Lera-Ramirez, M., Rutherford, K., Wood, V., Pons, J. L. D., Dwinell, M. R., Hayman, G. T., Kaldunski, M. L., Kwitek, A. E., Laulederkind, S. J. F., Tutaj, M. A., Vedi, M., Wang, S., D'Eustachio, P., Aimo, L., Axelsen, K., Bridge, A., Hyka-Nouspikel, N., Morgat, A., Aleksander, S. A., Cherry, J. M., Engel, S. R., Karra, K., Miyasato, S. R., Nash, R. S., Skrzypek, M. S., Weng, S., Wong, E. D., Bakker, E., Berardini, T. Z., Reiser, L., Auchincloss, A., Axelsen, K., Argoud-Puy, G., Blatter, M., Boutet, E., Breuza, L., Bridge, A., Casals-Casas, C., Coudert, E., Estreicher, A., Famiglietti, M. L., Feuermann, M., Gos, A., Gruaz-Gumowski, N., Hulo, C., Hyka-Nouspikel, N., Jungo, F., Mercier, P. L., Lieberherr, D., Masson, P., Morgat, A., Pedruzzi, I., Pourcel, L., Poux, S., Rivoire, C., Sundaram, S., Bateman, A., Bowler-Barnett, E., Bye-A-Jee, H., Denny, P., Ignatchenko, A., Ishtiaq, R., Lock, A., Lussi, Y., Magrane, M., Martin, M. J., Orchard, S., Raposo, P., Speretta, E., Tyagi, N., Warner, K., Zaru, R., Diehl, A. D., Lee, R., Chan, J., Diamantakis, S., Raciti, D., Zarowiecki, M., Fisher, M., James-Zorn, C., Ponferrada, V., Zorn, A., Ramachandran, S., Ruzicka, L., Westerfield, M. and Gene Ontology Consortium 2023. The Gene Ontology knowledgebase in 2023. Genetics. 244 (1), p. iyad031. https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/iyad031

Authors	Aleksander, S. A., Balhoff, J., Carbon, S., Cherry, J. M., Drabkin, H. J., Ebert, D., Feuermann, M., Gaudet, P., Harris, N. L., Hill, D. P., Lee, R., Mi, H., Moxon, S., Mungall, C. J., Muruganugan, A., Mushayahama, T., Sternberg, P. W., Thomas, P. D., Auken, K. V., Ramsey, J., Siegele, D. A., Chisholm, R. L., Fey, P., Aspromonte, M. C., Nugnes, M. V., Quaglia, F., Tosatto, S., Giglio, M., Nadendla, S., Antonazzo, G., Attrill, H., Santos, G. D., Marygold, S., Strelets, V., Tabone, C. J., Thurmond, J., Zhou, P., Ahmed, S. H., Asanitthong, P., Buitrago, D. L., Erdol, M. N., Gage, M. C., Kadhum, M. A., Li, K. Y. C., Long, M., Michalak, A., Pesala, A., Pritazahra, A., Saverimuttu, S. C. C., Su, R., Thurlow, K. E., Lovering, R. C., Logie, C., Oliferenko, S., Blake, J., Christie, K., Corbani, L., Dolan, M. E., Drabkin, H. J., Hill, D. P., Ni, L., Sitnikov, D., Smith, C., Cuzick, A., Seager, J., Cooper, L., Elser, J., Jaiswal, P., Gupta, P., Jaiswal, P., Naithani, S., Lera-Ramirez, M., Rutherford, K., Wood, V., Pons, J. L. D., Dwinell, M. R., Hayman, G. T., Kaldunski, M. L., Kwitek, A. E., Laulederkind, S. J. F., Tutaj, M. A., Vedi, M., Wang, S., D'Eustachio, P., Aimo, L., Axelsen, K., Bridge, A., Hyka-Nouspikel, N., Morgat, A., Aleksander, S. A., Cherry, J. M., Engel, S. R., Karra, K., Miyasato, S. R., Nash, R. S., Skrzypek, M. S., Weng, S., Wong, E. D., Bakker, E., Berardini, T. Z., Reiser, L., Auchincloss, A., Axelsen, K., Argoud-Puy, G., Blatter, M., Boutet, E., Breuza, L., Bridge, A., Casals-Casas, C., Coudert, E., Estreicher, A., Famiglietti, M. L., Feuermann, M., Gos, A., Gruaz-Gumowski, N., Hulo, C., Hyka-Nouspikel, N., Jungo, F., Mercier, P. L., Lieberherr, D., Masson, P., Morgat, A., Pedruzzi, I., Pourcel, L., Poux, S., Rivoire, C., Sundaram, S., Bateman, A., Bowler-Barnett, E., Bye-A-Jee, H., Denny, P., Ignatchenko, A., Ishtiaq, R., Lock, A., Lussi, Y., Magrane, M., Martin, M. J., Orchard, S., Raposo, P., Speretta, E., Tyagi, N., Warner, K., Zaru, R., Diehl, A. D., Lee, R., Chan, J., Diamantakis, S., Raciti, D., Zarowiecki, M., Fisher, M., James-Zorn, C., Ponferrada, V., Zorn, A., Ramachandran, S., Ruzicka, L., Westerfield, M. and Gene Ontology Consortium
Abstract	The Gene Ontology (GO) knowledgebase (http://geneontology.org) is a comprehensive resource concerning the functions of genes and gene products (proteins and noncoding RNAs). GO annotations cover genes from organisms across the tree of life as well as viruses, though most gene function knowledge currently derives from experiments carried out in a relatively small number of model organisms. Here, we provide an updated overview of the GO knowledgebase, as well as the efforts of the broad, international consortium of scientists that develops, maintains, and updates the GO knowledgebase. The GO knowledgebase consists of three components: (1) the GO-a computational knowledge structure describing the functional characteristics of genes; (2) GO annotations-evidence-supported statements asserting that a specific gene product has a particular functional characteristic; and (3) GO Causal Activity Models (GO-CAMs)-mechanistic models of molecular "pathways" (GO biological processes) created by linking multiple GO annotations using defined relations. Each of these components is continually expanded, revised, and updated in response to newly published discoveries and receives extensive QA checks, reviews, and user feedback. For each of these components, we provide a description of the current contents, recent developments to keep the knowledgebase up to date with new discoveries, and guidance on how users can best make use of the data that we provide. We conclude with future directions for the project.
Keywords	Gene Ontology; Gene annotation; Gene function; Knowledgebase; Knowledge graphs
Year of Publication	2023
Journal	Genetics
Journal citation	244 (1), p. iyad031
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)	https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/iyad031
PubMed ID	36866529
PubMed Central ID	10158837
Web address (URL)	https://academic.oup.com/genetics/article/224/1/iyad031/7068118
Open access	Published as ‘gold’ (paid) open access
Funder	Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
Funder project or code	Delivering Sustainable Wheat (WP2): Delivering Resilience to Biotic Stress
	Growing Health (WP1) - bio-inspired solutions for healthier agroecosystems: Understanding biointeractions
Publisher's version	iyad031.pdf
Output status	Published
Publication dates
Online	03 Mar 2023
Publication process dates
Accepted	11 Feb 2024
Publisher	Genetics Society of America (GSA)
ISSN	0016-6731

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