Rothamsted Insect Survey. Eighteenth annual summary.

Woiwod, I. P., Tatchell, G. M., Dupuch, M. J., Macaulay, E. D. M., Parker, S. J. and Taylor, M. S. 1986. Rothamsted Insect Survey. Eighteenth annual summary.

Related outputs

UK Environmental Change Network (ECN) moth data: 1992-2015

N - Datasets

Rennie, S., Adamson, J., Anderson, R., Andrews, C., Bater, J., Bayfield, N., Beaton, K., Beaumont, D. A., Benham, S., Bowmaker, V., Britt, C., Brooker, R., Brooks, D., Brunt, J., Common, G., Cooper, R., Corbett, S., Critchley, N., Dennis, P., Dick, J., Dodd, B., Dodd, N., Donovan, N., Easter, J., Flexen, M., Gardiner, A., Hamilton, D., Hargreaves, P., Hatton-Ellis, M., Howe, M., Kahl, J., Lane, M., Langan, S., Lloyd, D., McCarney, B., McElarney, Y., McKenna, C., McMillan, S., Milne, F., Milne, L., Morecroft, M., Murphy, M., Nelson, A., Nicholson, H., Pallett, D., Parry, D., Pearce, I., Pozsgai, G., Riley, A. M., Rose, R., Schafer, S., Scott, T., Sherrin, L., Shortall, C. R., Smith, P., Smith, R., Tait, R., Taylor, C., Taylor, M., Thurlow, M., Turner, A., Tyson, K., Watson, H., Whittaker, M., Woiwod, I. P. and Wood, C. 2017. UK Environmental Change Network (ECN) moth data: 1992-2015 . NERC Environmental Information Data Centre. https://doi.org/10.5285/a2a49f47-49b3-46da-a434-bb22e524c5d2

Long-term phenological trends, species accumulation rates, aphid traits and climate: five decades of change in migrating aphids

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Bell, J. R., Alderson, L. J., Izera, D., Kruger, T., Parker, S. J., Pickup, J., Shortall, C. R., Taylor, M. S., Verrier, P. J. and Harrington, R. 2015. Long-term phenological trends, species accumulation rates, aphid traits and climate: five decades of change in migrating aphids. Journal of Animal Ecology. 84 (1), pp. 21-34. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.12282

The resistance trap: growing aphid threats

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Harrington, R., Cox, D., Foster, S. P., Taylor, M. S. and Williamson, M. S. 2014. The resistance trap: growing aphid threats. Crop production in Southern Britain: precision decisions for profitable cropping. Aspects of Applied Biology 127 . Association of Applied Biologists (AAB) Wellesbourne Warwick . pp. 287-294

The State of Britain’s Larger Moths 2013

E - Books edited/written by staff member, alone/with others

Fox, R., Parsons, M. S., Chapman, J. W., Woiwod, I. P., Warren, M. S., Brooks, D. R., Conrad, K. F., Gould, P. J. L., Harrington, R., Shortall, C. R. and Verrier, P. 2013. The State of Britain’s Larger Moths 2013. Butterfly Conservation.

Identity of Schizaphis species (Hemiptera Aphididae) in the United Kingdom are they a threat to crops?

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Kati, A., Shufran,KA., Taylor, M. S., Barjadze, S., Eastop, V. F., Blackman, R. L. and Harrington, R. 2013. Identity of Schizaphis species (Hemiptera Aphididae) in the United Kingdom are they a threat to crops? Bulletin of Entomological Research. 103 (4), pp. 425-40. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485312000909

The state of Britain's larger moths 2013

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Fox, R., Parsons, M. S., Chapman, J. W., Woiwod, I. P., Warren, M. S. and Brooks, D. R. 2013. The state of Britain's larger moths 2013. Butterfly Conservation and Rothamsted Research, Wareham.

The Rothamsted Insect Survey: gold standard aphid monitoring

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Harrington, R., Taylor, M. S., Alderson, L. J., Shortall, C. R., Kruger, T., Izera, D., Verrier, P. J. and Pickup, J. 2013. The Rothamsted Insect Survey: gold standard aphid monitoring. Nordic Association of Agricultural Scientists.

Population metrics for migrating aphids

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Bell, J. R., Harrington, R., Taylor, M. S. and Verrier, P. J. 2013. Population metrics for migrating aphids. Nordic Association of Agricultural Scientists.

The Rothamsted Insect Survey: old traps, new tricks

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Harrington, R., Taylor, M. S., Shortall, C. R., Alderson, L. J., Mallott, M. and Verrier, P. J. 2012. The Rothamsted Insect Survey: old traps, new tricks. Crop Protection in Southern Britain. Aspects of Applied Biology 117 . pp. 157-164

Adapt and overcome

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Harrington, R., Taylor, M. S., Mallott, M., Shortall, C. R., Alderson, L. J., Foster, S., Oliphant, L., Hallsworth, P. and Stevens, M. 2012. Adapt and overcome. British Sugar Beet Review. 80(2), pp. 26-27.

The trait and host plant ecology of aphids and their distribution and abundance in the United Kingdom

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Bell, J. R., Taylor, M. S., Shortall, C. R., Welham, S. J. and Harrington, R. 2012. The trait and host plant ecology of aphids and their distribution and abundance in the United Kingdom. Global Ecology and Biogeography. 21 (4), pp. 405-415. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1466-8238.2011.00685.x

Trophic links between functional groups of arable plants and beetles are stable at national scale

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Brooks, D. R., Storkey, J., Clark, S. J., Firbank, L. G., Petit, S. and Woiwod, I. P. 2012. Trophic links between functional groups of arable plants and beetles are stable at national scale. Journal of Animal Ecology. 81 (1), pp. 4-13. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2656.2011.01897.x

A multispecies perspective on ecological impacts of climatic forcing

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Mutshinda, C. M., O'hara, R. B. and Woiwod, I. P. 2011. A multispecies perspective on ecological impacts of climatic forcing. Journal of Animal Ecology. 80 (1), pp. 101-107. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2656.2010.01743.x

Aerial insect biomass: trends from long-term monitoring

B - Book chapters etc edited externally

Harrington, R., Shortall, C. R. and Woiwod, I. P. 2010. Aerial insect biomass: trends from long-term monitoring. in: Maclean, N. (ed.) Silent summer: the state of wildlife in Britain and Ireland Cambridge Cambridge University Press (CUP). pp. 540-555

There's more than one way to skin an aphid

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Harrington, R., Stevens, M., Mallott, M. D., Taylor, M. S., Hallsworth, P. B. and Hutchison, B. 2010. There's more than one way to skin an aphid. British Sugar Beet Review. 78(1), pp. 25-27.

Complementary methods for monitoring sugar beet aphids to improve risk management of virus yellows

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Harrington, R., Stevens, M., Alderson, L. J., Cox, D., Denholm, I., Foster, S. P., Hall, M. J., Hallsworth, P., Oliphant, L., Parker, S., Shortall, C. R., Taylor, M. S. and Wright, S. 2009. Complementary methods for monitoring sugar beet aphids to improve risk management of virus yellows. Redia. 92, pp. 215-217.

Aphids: insecticide resistance update

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Harrington, R., Foster, S. P., Alderson, L. J., Cox, D., Hall, M. J., Mallott, M., Oliphant, L., Parker, S., Shortall, C. R., Taylor, M. S., Wright, S. and Denholm, I. 2009. Aphids: insecticide resistance update. British Sugar Beet Review. 77(3), pp. 6-8.

Like moths to a flame: the Rothamsted light-trap network

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Gould, P. J. L. and Woiwod, I. P. 2009. Like moths to a flame: the Rothamsted light-trap network. Biodiversity Ireland. 4, pp. 7-8.

Optimising the sampling window for moth indicator communities

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Scalercio, S., Infusino, M. and Woiwod, I. P. 2009. Optimising the sampling window for moth indicator communities. Journal of Insect Conservation. 13, pp. 583-591. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10841-008-9206-x

Flight periodicity and the vertical distribution of high-altitude moth migration over southern Britain

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Wood, C. R., Reynolds, D. R., Wells, P. M., Barlow, J. F., Woiwod, I. P. and Chapman, J. W. 2009. Flight periodicity and the vertical distribution of high-altitude moth migration over southern Britain. Bulletin of Entomological Research. 99 (5), pp. 525-535. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485308006548

Long-term changes in the abundance of flying insects

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Shortall, C. R., Moore, A., Smith, E., Hall, M. J., Woiwod, I. P. and Harrington, R. 2009. Long-term changes in the abundance of flying insects. Insect Conservation and Diversity. 2 (4), pp. 251-260. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-4598.2009.00062.x

Seasonally adaptive migratory headings mediated by a sun compass in the painted lady butterfly, Vanessa cardui

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Nesbit, R. L., Hill, J. K., Woiwod, I. P., Sivell, D., Bensusan, K. J. and Chapman, J. W. 2009. Seasonally adaptive migratory headings mediated by a sun compass in the painted lady butterfly, Vanessa cardui. Animal Behaviour. 78, pp. 1119-1125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2009.07.039

What drives community dynamics?

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Mutshinda, C. M., O'hara, R. B. and Woiwod, I. P. 2009. What drives community dynamics? Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences. 276, pp. 2923-2929. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2009.0523

Population and insecticide resistance dynamics in aphid vectors of beet viruses. Final report to BBRO on project number 05/14

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Harrington, R., Denholm, I., Dewar, A., Foster, S., Stevens, M., Alderson, L. J., Anstead, J., Cox, D., Garner, B., Hall, M. J., Hallsworth, P., Haylock, L., Kruger, T., Oliphant, L., Parker, S., Shortall, C. R., Taylor, M. S. and Wright, S. 2009. Population and insecticide resistance dynamics in aphid vectors of beet viruses. Final report to BBRO on project number 05/14.

The Rothamsted Insect Survey Light-trap Network

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Gould, P. J. L. and Woiwod, I. P. 2009. The Rothamsted Insect Survey Light-trap Network. LifeLines. Issue 105, pp. 14-15.

The Rothamsted Insect Survey Light-trap Network

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Gould, P. J. L. and Woiwod, I. P. 2009. The Rothamsted Insect Survey Light-trap Network. NESBRec News. Issue 8, pp. 7-11.

The Rothamsted Insect Survey Light-trap Network

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Gould, P. J. L. and Woiwod, I. P. 2009. The Rothamsted Insect Survey Light-trap Network. Biodiversity News. 46, pp. 12-13.

The utility of covariances: a response to Ranta et al

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Houlahan, J. E., Cottenie, K., Cumming, G. S., Currie, D. J., Findlay, C. S., Gaedke, U., Legendre, P., Magnuson, J. J., Mcardle, B. H., Stevens, R. D., Woiwod, I. P. and Wondzell, S. M. 2008. The utility of covariances: a response to Ranta et al. Oikos. 117 (12), pp. 1912-1913. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0706.2008.17078.x

A seasonal switch in compass orientation in a high-flying migrant moth

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Chapman, J. W., Reynolds, D. R., Hill, J. K., Sivell, D., Smith, A. D. and Woiwod, I. P. 2008. A seasonal switch in compass orientation in a high-flying migrant moth. Current Biology. 18, pp. R908-R909. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2008.08.014

Phenotypic changes and reduced genetic diversity have accompanied the rapid decline of the garden tiger moth (Arctia caja) in the U.K.

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Anderson, S. J., Conrad, K. F., Gillman, M. P., Woiwod, I. P. and Freeland, J. R. 2008. Phenotypic changes and reduced genetic diversity have accompanied the rapid decline of the garden tiger moth (Arctia caja) in the U.K. Ecological Entomology. 33 (5), pp. 638-645. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.2008.01013.x

Providing the evidence base for environmental risk assessments of novel farm management practices

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Storkey, J., Bohan, D. A., Haughton, A. J., Champion, G. T., Perry, J. N., Poppy, G. M. and Woiwod, I. P. 2008. Providing the evidence base for environmental risk assessments of novel farm management practices. Environmental Science & Policy. 11, pp. 579-587. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2008.06.001

The Rothamsted Insect Survey light-trap network

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Gould, P. J. L. and Woiwod, I. P. 2008. The Rothamsted Insect Survey light-trap network. GMS News. Spring 2008, pp. 8-12.

Long-term moth studies at Rothamsted

B - Book chapters etc edited externally

Woiwod, I. P. and Gould, P. J. L. 2008. Long-term moth studies at Rothamsted. in: Plant, C. W. (ed.) The moths of Hertfordshire Hertfordshire Natural History Society, Welwyn Garden City. pp. 31-44

Wind selection and drift compensation optimize migratory pathways in a high-flying moth

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Chapman, J. W., Reynolds, D. R., Mouritsen, H., Hill, J. K., Riley, J. R., Sivell, D., Smith, A. D. and Woiwod, I. P. 2008. Wind selection and drift compensation optimize migratory pathways in a high-flying moth. Current Biology. 18 (7), pp. 514-518. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2008.02.080

Species abundance dynamics under neutral assumptions: a Bayesian approach to the controversy

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Mutshinda, C. M., O'hara, R. B. and Woiwod, I. P. 2008. Species abundance dynamics under neutral assumptions: a Bayesian approach to the controversy. Functional Ecology. 22 (2), pp. 340-347. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2435.2007.01358.x

National-scale metacommunity dynamics of carabid beetles in UK farmland

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Brooks, D. R., Perry, J. N., Clark, S. J., Heard, M. S., Firbank, L. G., Holdgate, R., Mason, N. S., Shortall, C. R., Skellern, M. P. and Woiwod, I. P. 2008. National-scale metacommunity dynamics of carabid beetles in UK farmland. Journal of Animal Ecology. 77 (2), pp. 265-274. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2656.2007.01331.x

The impacts of a changing climate on Guernsey's environment: evidence from long-term data

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Sparks, T., Casebow, A., Jee, N. and Woiwod, I. P. 2007. The impacts of a changing climate on Guernsey's environment: evidence from long-term data. Transactions of la Societe Guernesiaise. 27, pp. 241-251.

The implications of genetically modified herbicide-tolerant crops for UK farmland biodiversity: a summary of the results of the Farm Scale Evaluations project

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Brooks, D. R., Firbank, L. G., Bohan, D. A., Champion, G. T., Clark, S. J., Dewar, A. M., Haughton, A. J., Hawes, C., Heard, M. S., May, M. J., Osborne, J. L., Perry, J. N., Rothery, P., Roy, D. B., Scott, R. J., Squire, G. R. and Woiwod, I. P. 2007. The implications of genetically modified herbicide-tolerant crops for UK farmland biodiversity: a summary of the results of the Farm Scale Evaluations project. Proceedings Open Seminar on the Cultivation of Genetically Modified Crops and Evaluation of Ecological Effects, Tokyo, 3 November 2007 . NIAES, Tsukuba. pp. 29-52

Genetically modified crops and insect conservation

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Woiwod, I. P. and Schuler, T. H. 2007. Genetically modified crops and insect conservation. Stewart, A. J. A., Lewis, O. T. and New, T. R. (ed.) Insect Conservation Biology: Proceedings of the 22nd Symposium of the Royal Entomological Society . CABI International, Wallingford, Oxon (CABI). pp. 405-430

Monitoring biodiversity: measuring long-term changes in insect abundance

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Conrad, K. E., Fox, R. and Woiwod, I. P. 2007. Monitoring biodiversity: measuring long-term changes in insect abundance. Stewart, A. J. A., Lewis, O. T. and New, T. R. (ed.) Insect Conservation Biology: Proceedings of the 22nd Symposium of the Royal Entomological Society . CABI International, Wallingford, Oxon (CABI). pp. 203-225

Compensatory dynamics are rare in natural ecological communities

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Houlahan, J. E., Currie, D. J., Cottenie, K., Cumming, G. S., Ernest, S. K. M., Findlay, C. S., Fuhlendorf, S. D., Gaedke, U., Legendre, P., Magnuson, J. J., Mcardle, B. H., Muldavin, E. H., Noble, D., Russell, R., Stevens, R. D., Willis, T. J., Woiwod, I. P. and Wondzell, S. M. 2007. Compensatory dynamics are rare in natural ecological communities. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 104, pp. 3273-3277. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0603798104

Foresight from hindsight: the Rothamsted Insect Survey

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Harrington, R. and Woiwod, I. P. 2007. Foresight from hindsight: the Rothamsted Insect Survey. Outlooks on Pest Management. 18 (1), pp. 9-14. https://doi.org/10.1564/18feb03

The State of Britain’s Larger Moths 2006

E - Books edited/written by staff member, alone/with others

Conrad, K. F., Parsons, M. S., Warren, M. S. and Woiwod, I. P. 2006. The State of Britain’s Larger Moths 2006. Butterfly Conservation.

Farm Scale Evaluations follow-up assessments of weed and soil seedbank: 2004-2006. Final report

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Heard, M., Brooks, D. R., Woiwod, I. P., Champion, G. T., May, M. J., Squire, G., Hawes, C. and Banks, G. 2006. Farm Scale Evaluations follow-up assessments of weed and soil seedbank: 2004-2006. Final report.

Rapid declines of common, widespread British moths provide evidence of an insect biodiversity crisis

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Conrad, K. F., Warren, M. S., Fox, R., Parsons, M. S. and Woiwod, I. P. 2006. Rapid declines of common, widespread British moths provide evidence of an insect biodiversity crisis. Biological Conservation. 132, pp. 279-291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2006.04.020

Seasonal variation in the migration strategies of the green lacewing Chrysoperla carnea species complex

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Chapman, J. W., Reynolds, D. R., Brooks, S. J., Smith, A. D. and Woiwod, I. P. 2006. Seasonal variation in the migration strategies of the green lacewing Chrysoperla carnea species complex. Ecological Entomology. 31 (4), pp. 378-388. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.2006.00797.x

Where have Britain's moths gone?

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Woiwod, I. P. and Conrad, K. F. 2006. Where have Britain's moths gone? RRA Newsletter. No. 21, p. 1.

The influence of the atmospheric boundary layer on nocturnal layers of noctuids and other moths migrating over southern Britain

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Wood, C. R., Chapman, J. W., Reynolds, D. R., Barlow, J. F., Smith, A. D. and Woiwod, I. P. 2006. The influence of the atmospheric boundary layer on nocturnal layers of noctuids and other moths migrating over southern Britain. International Journal Of Biometeorology. 50, pp. 193-204. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-005-0014-7

The state of Britain's larger moths

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Fox, R., Conrad, K. F., Parsons, M. S., Warren, M. S. and Woiwod, I. P. 2006. The state of Britain's larger moths. Wareham, Dorset Butterfly Conservation. https://doi.org/10.23637/rothamsted.898z8

Large-scale temporal changes in spatial pattern during declines of abundance and occupancy in a common moth

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Conrad, K. F., Perry, J. N., Woiwod, I. P. and Alexander, C. J. 2006. Large-scale temporal changes in spatial pattern during declines of abundance and occupancy in a common moth. Journal of Insect Conservation. 10, pp. 53-64. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10841-005-1618-2

A novel approach to the use of genetically modified herbicide tolerant crops for environmental benefit (Reprinted from Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B (2003) 270, 335-340)

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Dewar, A. M., May, M. J., Woiwod, I. P., Haylock, L. A., Champion, G. T., Garner, B. H., Sands, R. J. N., Qi, A. and Pidgeon, J. D. 2005. A novel approach to the use of genetically modified herbicide tolerant crops for environmental benefit (Reprinted from Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B (2003) 270, 335-340). Advances in Sugar Beet Research. 6, pp. 127-138.

Trends in widespread and common British moths

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Parsons, M. S., Conrad, K. F., Fox, R., Woiwod, I. P. and Warren, M. S. 2005. Trends in widespread and common British moths. Abstracts 14th European Congress of Lepidopterology, Rome, 12-17 September 2005 .

British moths: throwing light on a new conservation challenge

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Parsons, M. S., Fox, R., Conrad, K. F., Woiwod, I. P. and Warren, M. S. 2005. British moths: throwing light on a new conservation challenge. British Wildlife. 16 (6), pp. 386-394.

Invertebrate biodiversity in maize following withdrawal of triazine herbicides

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Brooks, D. R., Clark, S. J., Perry, J. N., Bohan, D. A., Champion, G. T., Firbank, L. G., Haughton, A. J., Hawes, C., Heard, M. S. and Woiwod, I. P. 2005. Invertebrate biodiversity in maize following withdrawal of triazine herbicides. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences. 272, pp. 1497-1502. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2005.3102

Long-term population declines in widespread British moths: species trends and wider implications

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Woiwod, I. P., Conrad, K. F., Parsons, M., Fox, R. and Warren, M. S. 2005. Long-term population declines in widespread British moths: species trends and wider implications. Abstracts Butterfly Conservation 5th International Symposium: Lepidoptera as Indicators of Biodiversity Conservation, Southampton, 8-10 April 2005 . pp. 13

Long-term population declines in widespread British moths: national patterns

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Conrad, K. F., Woiwod, I. P., Parsons, M., Fox, R. and Warren, M. S. 2005. Long-term population declines in widespread British moths: national patterns. Abstracts Butterfly Conservation 5th International Symposium: Lepidoptera as Indicators of Biodiversity Conservation, Southampton, 8-10 April 2005 . pp. 13

Population and insecticide resistance dynamics in aphid vectors of beet viruses. Final report on project number 01/01 to BBRO

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Harrington, R., Parker, S. J., Taylor, M. S., Waters, J. W. and Adamowicz, T. 2005. Population and insecticide resistance dynamics in aphid vectors of beet viruses. Final report on project number 01/01 to BBRO.

Mass aerial migration in the carabid beetle Notiophilus biguttatus

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Chapman, J. W., Reynolds, D. R., Smith, A. D., Riley, J. R., Telfer, M. G. and Woiwod, I. P. 2005. Mass aerial migration in the carabid beetle Notiophilus biguttatus. Ecological Entomology. 30 (3), pp. 264-272. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0307-6946.2005.00702.x

Radar studies of the vertical distribution of insects migrating over southern Britain: the influence of temperature inversions on nocturnal layer concentrations

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Reynolds, D. R., Chapman, J. W., Edwards, A. S., Smith, A. D., Wood, C. R., Barlow, J. F. and Woiwod, I. P. 2005. Radar studies of the vertical distribution of insects migrating over southern Britain: the influence of temperature inversions on nocturnal layer concentrations. Bulletin of Entomological Research. 95 (3), pp. 259-274. https://doi.org/10.1079/BER2005358

Effects on weed and invertebrate abundance and diversity of herbicide management in genetically modified herbicide-tolerant winter-sown oilseed rape

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Bohan, D. A., Boffey, C. W. H., Brooks, D. R., Clark, S. J., Dewar, A. M., Firbank, L. G., Haughton, A. J., Hawes, C., Heard, M. S., May, M. J., Osborne, J. L., Perry, J. N., Rothery, P., Roy, D. B., Scott, R. J., Squire, G. R., Woiwod, I. P. and Champion, G. T. 2005. Effects on weed and invertebrate abundance and diversity of herbicide management in genetically modified herbicide-tolerant winter-sown oilseed rape. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 272, pp. 463-474. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2004.3049

Changes in the Lepidoptera fauna of Monks Wood NNR particularly as indicated by the Rothamsted light-trap catches

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Greatorex-Davies, N. and Woiwod, I. P. 2004. Changes in the Lepidoptera fauna of Monks Wood NNR particularly as indicated by the Rothamsted light-trap catches. Report Huntingdonshire Moth and Butterfly Group. 15, pp. 40-52.

New Lepidoptera records from a Bedfordshire site including Ectoedemia sericopeza (Zeller) (Lep.: Nepticulidae) and Coleophora lassella Staudinger (Lep.: Coleophoridae)

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Manning, D. and Woiwod, I. P. 2004. New Lepidoptera records from a Bedfordshire site including Ectoedemia sericopeza (Zeller) (Lep.: Nepticulidae) and Coleophora lassella Staudinger (Lep.: Coleophoridae). Entomologist's Record and Journal of Variation. 116, p. 119.

Migration strategies of UK populations of the green lacewing Chrysoperla carnea

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Chapman, J. W., Reynolds, D. R., Smith, A. D. and Woiwod, I. P. 2004. Migration strategies of UK populations of the green lacewing Chrysoperla carnea. Abstracts Entomology 2004: National Meeting of the Royal Entomological Society, York, 21-23 July 2004 .

Radar studies of the high-altitude immigration of the diamondback moth to the UK

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Chapman, J. W., Reynolds, D. R., Smith, A. D., Riley, J. R. and Woiwod, I. P. 2004. Radar studies of the high-altitude immigration of the diamondback moth to the UK.

The impact of insecticide resistance in the currant-lettuce aphid, Nasonovia ribisnigri , on pest management in lettuce

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Kift, N. B., Mead, A., Reynolds, K., Sime, S., Barber, M. D., Denholm, I. and Tatchell, G. M. 2004. The impact of insecticide resistance in the currant-lettuce aphid, Nasonovia ribisnigri , on pest management in lettuce. Agricultural and Forest Entomology. 6 (4), pp. 295-309. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-9555.2004.00226.x

Long-term population trends in widespread British moths

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Conrad, K. F., Woiwod, I. P., Parsons, M., Fox, R. and Warren, M. S. 2004. Long-term population trends in widespread British moths. Journal of Insect Conservation. 8 (2-3), pp. 119-136. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JICO.0000045810.36433.c6

Temporal changes in abundance of insects of importance as bird food. Final report to English Nature

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Moore, A., Harrington, R., Hall, M. J. and Woiwod, I. P. 2004. Temporal changes in abundance of insects of importance as bird food. Final report to English Nature.

Ban on triazine herbicides likely to reduce but not negate relative benefits of GMHT maize cropping

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Perry, J. N., Firbank, L. G., Champion, G. T., Clark, S. J., Heard, M. S., May, M. J., Hawes, C., Squire, G. R., Rothery, P., Woiwod, I. P. and Pidgeon, J. D. 2004. Ban on triazine herbicides likely to reduce but not negate relative benefits of GMHT maize cropping. Nature. 428 (6980), pp. 313-316. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature02374

The fifteen towers: recent trends in aphid migration

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Taylor, M. S. 2004. The fifteen towers: recent trends in aphid migration. HDC News. No. 100, pp. 8-10.

An aerial netting study of insects migrating at high altitude over England

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Chapman, J. W., Reynolds, D. R., Smith, A. D., Smith, E. T. and Woiwod, I. P. 2004. An aerial netting study of insects migrating at high altitude over England. Bulletin of Entomological Research. 94 (2), pp. 123-136. https://doi.org/10.1079/BER2004287

Butterflies and GM doom

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Woiwod, I. P. 2004. Butterflies and GM doom. Butterfly. Winter 2004, p. 34.

Changes in the Lepidoptera of Monks Wood NNR (1974-2003)

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Greatorex-Davies, N., Sparks, T. and Woiwod, I. P. 2003. Changes in the Lepidoptera of Monks Wood NNR (1974-2003) . Ten years of change: Woodland research at Monks Wood NNR, 1993-2003 Proceedings of the 50th Anniversary Symposium, December 2003 (ENRR613). 613, pp. 90-110.

GM crops: effects on farmland wildlife

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Burke, M., Bohan, D. A., Brooks, D. R., Haughton, A. J., Osborne, J. L., Perry, J. N. and Woiwod, I. P. 2003. GM crops: effects on farmland wildlife.

Warm, wet, woollies: weather, climate and spatial pattern in the decline of UK moths

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Conrad, K. F., Woiwod, I. P. and Perry, J. N. 2003. Warm, wet, woollies: weather, climate and spatial pattern in the decline of UK moths. Abstracts Royal Entomological Society International Symposium on Insect Evolutionary Ecology and Entomology 2003, Reading, 28-31 July 2003 . pp. 41

High altitude windborne migration of a carabid beetle

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Chapman, J. W., Reynolds, D. R., Smith, A. D., Telfer, M. and Woiwod, I. P. 2003. High altitude windborne migration of a carabid beetle. Abstracts Royal Entomological Society International Symposium on Insect Evolutionary Ecology and Entomology 2003, Reading, 28-31 July 2003 . pp. 18

Farm scale evaluations of GM crops: effects of the management of field scale releases of genetically-modified herbicide-tolerant crops on the abundance and diversity of farmland wildlife. Interim report 1 April 2003

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Firbank, L. G., Brooks, D., Bohan, D. A., Champion, G. T., Clark, S. J., Daniels, R., Dewar, A. M., Fairfax, C., Haughton, A. J., Hawes, C., Heard, M., Hill, M., May, M. J., Osborne, J. L., Pidgeon, J. D., Perry, J. N., Rossall, M., Rothery, P., Roy, D., Scott, R., Squire, G., Whittaker, D. and Woiwod, I. P. 2003. Farm scale evaluations of GM crops: effects of the management of field scale releases of genetically-modified herbicide-tolerant crops on the abundance and diversity of farmland wildlife. Interim report 1 April 2003.

Farm scale evaluations of GM crops: effects of the management of field scale releases of genetically-modified herbicide-tolerant crops on the abundance and diversity of farmland wildlife. Interim report 1 November 2003

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Firbank, L. G., Brooks, D., Bohan, D. A., Champion, G. T., Clark, S. J., Daniels, R., Dewar, A. M., Haughton, A. J., Hawes, C., Heard, M., Hill, M., May, M. J., Osborne, J. L., Pidgeon, J. D., Perry, J. N., Rothery, P., Roy, D., Scott, R., Squire, G. and Woiwod, I. P. 2003. Farm scale evaluations of GM crops: effects of the management of field scale releases of genetically-modified herbicide-tolerant crops on the abundance and diversity of farmland wildlife. Interim report 1 November 2003.

Stability and change over 67 years - the community of Heteroptera as caught in a light-trap at Rothamsted, UK

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Southwood, T. R. E., Henderson, P. A. and Woiwod, I. P. 2003. Stability and change over 67 years - the community of Heteroptera as caught in a light-trap at Rothamsted, UK. European Journal of Entomology. 100, pp. 557-561. https://doi.org/10.14411/eje.2003.084

Association of MACE-based insecticide resistance in Myzus persicae with reproductive rate, response to alarm pheromone and vulnerability to attack by Aphidius colemani

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Foster, S. P., Kift, N. B., Baverstock, J., Sime, S., Reynolds, K., Jones, J. E., Thompson, R. and Tatchell, G. M. 2003. Association of MACE-based insecticide resistance in Myzus persicae with reproductive rate, response to alarm pheromone and vulnerability to attack by Aphidius colemani. Pest Management Science. 59 (11), pp. 1169-1178. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.751

The implications of spring-sown genetically modified herbicide-tolerant crops for farmland biodiversity: a commentary on the Farm Scale Evaluations of spring sown crops (DEFRA report)

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Firbank, L. G., Perry, J. N., Squire, G. R., Bohan, D. A., Brooks, D. R., Champion, G. T., Clark, S. J., Daniels, R. E., Dewar, A. M., Haughton, A. J., Hawes, C., Heard, M. S., Hill, M. O., May, M. J., Osborne, J. L., Rothery, P., Roy, D. B., Scott, R. J. and Woiwod, I. P. 2003. The implications of spring-sown genetically modified herbicide-tolerant crops for farmland biodiversity: a commentary on the Farm Scale Evaluations of spring sown crops (DEFRA report).

Responses of plants and invertebrate trophic groups to contrasting herbicide regimes in the Farm Scale Evaluations of genetically modified herbicide-tolerant crops

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Hawes, C., Haughton, A. J., Osborne, J. L., Roy, D. B., Clark, S. J., Perry, J. N., Rothery, P., Bohan, D. A., Brooks, D. R., Champion, G. T., Dewar, A. M., Heard, M. S., Woiwod, I. P., Daniels, R. E., Young, M. W., Parish, A. M., Scott, R. J., Firbank, L. G. and Squire, G. R. 2003. Responses of plants and invertebrate trophic groups to contrasting herbicide regimes in the Farm Scale Evaluations of genetically modified herbicide-tolerant crops. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences. 358, pp. 1899-1913. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2003.1406

Invertebrate responses to the management of genetically modified herbicide-tolerant and conventional spring crops. II. Within-field epigeal and aerial arthropods

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Haughton, A. J., Champion, G. T., Hawes, C., Heard, M. S., Brooks, D. R., Bohan, D. A., Clark, S. J., Dewar, A. M., Firbank, L. G., Osborne, J. L., Perry, J. N., Rothery, P., Roy, D. B., Scott, R. J., Woiwod, I. P., Birchall, C., Skellern, M. P., Walker, J. H., Baker, P., Browne, E. L., Dewar, A. J. G., Garner, B. H., Haylock, L. A., Horne, S. L., Mason, N. S., Sands, R. J. N. and Walker, M. J. 2003. Invertebrate responses to the management of genetically modified herbicide-tolerant and conventional spring crops. II. Within-field epigeal and aerial arthropods. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences. 358, pp. 1863-1877.

Invertebrate responses to the management of genetically modified herbicide-tolerant and conventional spring crops. I. Soil-surface-active invertebrates

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Brooks, D. R., Bohan, D. A., Champion, G. T., Haughton, A. J., Hawes, C., Heard, M. S., Clark, S. J., Dewar, A. M., Firbank, L. G., Perry, J. N., Rothery, P., Scott, R. J., Woiwod, I. P., Birchall, C., Skellern, M. P., Walker, J. H., Baker, P., Bell, D., Browne, E. L., Dewar, A. J. G., Fairfax, C. M., Garner, B. H., Haylock, L. A., Horne, S. L., Hulmes, S. E., Mason, N. S., Norton, L. R., Nuttall, P., Sands, R. J. N. and Walker, M. J. 2003. Invertebrate responses to the management of genetically modified herbicide-tolerant and conventional spring crops. I. Soil-surface-active invertebrates. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences. 358, pp. 1847-1862. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2003.1407

On the rationale and interpretation of the Farm Scale Evaluations of genetically modified herbicide-tolerant crops

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Squire, G. R., Brooks, D. R., Bohan, D. A., Champion, G. T., Daniels, R. E., Haughton, A. J., Hawes, C., Heard, M. S., Hill, M. O., May, M. J., Osborne, J. L., Perry, J. N., Roy, D. B., Woiwod, I. P. and Firbank, L. G. 2003. On the rationale and interpretation of the Farm Scale Evaluations of genetically modified herbicide-tolerant crops. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences. 358, pp. 1779-1799.

A novel approach to the use of genetically modified herbicide tolerant crops for environmental benefit

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Dewar, A. M., May, M. J., Woiwod, I. P., Haylock, L. A., Champion, G. T., Garner, B. H., Sands, R. J. N., Qi, A. and Pidgeon, J. D. 2003. A novel approach to the use of genetically modified herbicide tolerant crops for environmental benefit. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences. 270, pp. 335-340.

Effects of delayed weed control in genetically modified herbicide-tolerant sugar beet on the abundance and diversity of arthropods

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Dewar, A. M., Haylock, L. A., Baker, P., Garner, B. H., Sands, R. J. N. and Woiwod, I. P. 2003. Effects of delayed weed control in genetically modified herbicide-tolerant sugar beet on the abundance and diversity of arthropods. Proceedings 1st Joint IIRB-ASSBT Congress, San Antonio, 26 February-1 March 2003 . pp. 387-398

Genetic structure of fragmented November moth (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) populations in farmland

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Wynne, I. R., Loxdale, H. D., Brookes, C. P. and Woiwod, I. P. 2003. Genetic structure of fragmented November moth (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) populations in farmland. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. 78, pp. 467-477. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0024-4066.2002.00155.x

Trapped in 2002

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Harrington, R., Parker, S. J., Taylor, M. S., Adamowicz, T., Cox, D. M., Foster, S. P., Denholm, I., Dewar, A. M. and Pickup, J. 2003. Trapped in 2002. British Sugar Beet Review. 71(1), pp. 12-17.

East Atlantic teleconnection pattern and the decline of a common arctiid moth

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Conrad, K. F., Woiwod, I. P. and Perry, J. N. 2003. East Atlantic teleconnection pattern and the decline of a common arctiid moth. Global Change Biology. 9 (2), pp. 125-130. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00572.x

Are common moths in trouble?

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Woiwod, I. P. 2003. Are common moths in trouble? Butterfly Conservation News. 82, pp. 9-11.

An introduction to the farm-scale evaluations of genetically modified herbicide-tolerant crops

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Firbank, L. G., Heard, M. S., Woiwod, I. P., Hawes, C., Haughton, A. J., Champion, G. T., Scott, R. J., Hill, M. O., Dewar, A. M., Squires, G. R., May, M. J., Brooks, D. R., Bohan, D. A., Daniels, R. E., Osborne, J. L., Roy, D. B., Black, H. I. J., Rothery, P. and Perry, J. N. 2003. An introduction to the farm-scale evaluations of genetically modified herbicide-tolerant crops. Journal of Applied Ecology. 40 (1), pp. 2-16. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2664.2003.00787.x

Diversity and abundance of the coleopteran fauna from organic and conventional management systems in southern England

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Shah, P. A., Brooks, D. R., Ashby, J. E., Perry, J. N. and Woiwod, I. P. 2003. Diversity and abundance of the coleopteran fauna from organic and conventional management systems in southern England. Agricultural and Forest Entomology. 5 (1), pp. 51-60. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1461-9563.2003.00162.x

High-altitude insect layers observed with entomological radar

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Chapman, J. W., Reynolds, D. R., Smith, A. D. and Woiwod, I. P. 2002. High-altitude insect layers observed with entomological radar. Abstracts 6th National Meeting of the Royal Entomological Society, Cardiff, 12-13 September 2002 .

Radar studies of the high-altitude immigration of the diamondback moth to the UK

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Chapman, J. W., Reynolds, D. R., Smith, A. D., Riley, J. R., Pedgley, D. E. and Woiwod, I. P. 2002. Radar studies of the high-altitude immigration of the diamondback moth to the UK. Abstracts 7th European Congress of Entomology, Thessaloniki, 7-13 October 2002 .

Invited comment

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Conrad, K. F. and Woiwod, I. P. 2002. Invited comment. Entomologist's Record and Journal of Variation. 114, p. 202.

Farm scale evaluations of GM crops: effects of the management of field scale releases of genetically-modified herbicide-tolerant crops on the abundance and diversity of farmland wildlife. Interim report 27 March 2002

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Firbank, L. G., Bennett, S., Brooks, D., Bohan, D. A., Champion, G. T., Clark, S. J., Daniels, R., Dewar, A. M., Haughton, A. J., Hawes, C., Heard, M., Hill, M., May, M. J., Norton, L., Osborne, J. L., Pidgeon, J. D., Perry, J. N., Rothery, P., Roy, D., Scott, R., Squire, G., Watkins, J., Whittaker, D. and Woiwod, I. P. 2002. Farm scale evaluations of GM crops: effects of the management of field scale releases of genetically-modified herbicide-tolerant crops on the abundance and diversity of farmland wildlife. Interim report 27 March 2002.

Farm scale evaluations of GM crops: effects of the management of field scale releases of genetically-modified herbicide-tolerant crops on the abundance and diversity of farmland wildlife. Interim report 1 November 2002

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Firbank, L. G., Brooks, D., Bohan, D. A., Champion, G. T., Clark, S. J., Daniels, R., Dewar, A. M., Fairfax, C., Haughton, A. J., Hawes, C., Heard, M., Hill, M., May, M. J., Osborne, J. L., Pidgeon, J. D., Perry, J. N., Rossall, M., Rothery, P., Roy, D., Scott, R., Squire, G., Whittaker, D. and Woiwod, I. P. 2002. Farm scale evaluations of GM crops: effects of the management of field scale releases of genetically-modified herbicide-tolerant crops on the abundance and diversity of farmland wildlife. Interim report 1 November 2002.

High-altitude migration of the diamondback moth Plutella xylostella to the U.K.: a study using radar, aerial netting and ground trapping

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Chapman, J. W., Reynolds, D. R., Smith, A. D., Riley, J. R., Pedgley, D. E. and Woiwod, I. P. 2002. High-altitude migration of the diamondback moth Plutella xylostella to the U.K.: a study using radar, aerial netting and ground trapping. Ecological Entomology. 27 (6), pp. 641-650. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2311.2002.00472.x

Weather and climate in the long-term decline of the garden tiger moth (Arctia caja ) in Great Britain

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Conrad, K. F., Woiwod, I. P. and Perry, J. N. 2002. Weather and climate in the long-term decline of the garden tiger moth (Arctia caja ) in Great Britain. Abstracts 4th International Symposium on Butterfly Conservation, Lancaster, 5-8 September 2002 .

Outdoor lettuce: the control of aphids resistant to insecticides. Final report to the Horticultural Development Council

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Denholm, I., Tatchell, G. M., Barber, M., Kift, N. and Moores, G. D. 2002. Outdoor lettuce: the control of aphids resistant to insecticides. Final report to the Horticultural Development Council.

Development of vertical-looking radar technology for monitoring insect migration

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Chapman, J. W., Smith, A. D., Woiwod, I. P., Reynolds, D. R. and Riley, J. R. 2002. Development of vertical-looking radar technology for monitoring insect migration. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture. 35, pp. 95-110.

Resistance to insecticides in the currant-lettuce aphid, Nasonovia ribisnigri : laboratory and field evidence

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Barber, M. D., Moores, G. D., Denholm, I., Kift, N. B. and Tatchell, G. M. 2002. Resistance to insecticides in the currant-lettuce aphid, Nasonovia ribisnigri : laboratory and field evidence. Proceedings Brighton Crop Protection Conference - Pests and Diseases, 2002 . pp. 817-822

Monitoring insect dispersal: methods and approaches

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Osborne, J. L., Loxdale, H. D. and Woiwod, I. P. 2002. Monitoring insect dispersal: methods and approaches. Bullock, J. M., Hails, R. S. and Kenward, R. E. (ed.) Dispersal Ecology: Proceedings of the 42nd Symposium of the British Ecological Society, Reading, 2-5 April 2001 . Blackwell Publishing Oxford. pp. 24-49

Long-term decline in abundance and distribution of the garden tiger moth (Arctia caja ) in Great Britain

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Conrad, K. F., Woiwod, I. P. and Perry, J. N. 2002. Long-term decline in abundance and distribution of the garden tiger moth (Arctia caja ) in Great Britain. Biological Conservation. 106, pp. 329-337. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3207(01)00258-0

Biochemical characterisation of pirimicarb resistance in the currant-lettuce aphid, Nasonovia ribisnigri

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Barber, M. D., Moores, G. D., Kift, N., Tatchell, G. M. and Denholm, I. 2002. Biochemical characterisation of pirimicarb resistance in the currant-lettuce aphid, Nasonovia ribisnigri. Abstracts 10th IUPAC International Congress on the Chemistry of Crop Protection, Basel, 4-9 August 2002 . pp. 291

Effects of drought on contrasting insect and plant species in the UK in the mid-1990s

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Morecroft, M. D., Bealey, C. E., Howells, O., Rennie, S. and Woiwod, I. P. 2002. Effects of drought on contrasting insect and plant species in the UK in the mid-1990s. Global Ecology and Biogeography. 11 (1), pp. 7-22. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1466-822X.2002.00174.x

Melanic frequencies in three species of moths in post industrial Britain

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Cook, L. M., Riley, A. M. and Woiwod, I. P. 2002. Melanic frequencies in three species of moths in post industrial Britain. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. 75 (4), pp. 475-482. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1095-8312.2002.00035.x

Insecticide resistance in the currant-lettuce aphid and aphid control in outdoor lettuce

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Kift, N., Tatchell, G. M., Barber, M. and Denholm, I. 2002. Insecticide resistance in the currant-lettuce aphid and aphid control in outdoor lettuce. Vegetable Farmer. March 2002, pp. 16-18.

Introduction and overview

B - Book chapters etc edited externally

Woiwod, I. P., Reynolds, D. R. and Thomas, C. D. 2001. Introduction and overview. in: Woiwod, I. P., Thomas, C. D. and Reynolds, D. R. (ed.) Insect movement: mechanisms and consequences CABI International, Wallingford, Oxon (CABI). pp. 1-18

The effects of climate change on insects

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Woiwod, I. P. and Harrington, R. 2001. The effects of climate change on insects. Abstracts 14th International Conference on Comparative Physiology, Troina, Sicily, 8-12 September 2000 .

Use of internet for provision of user specific support for decisions on the control of aphid-borne diseases

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Northing, P., Walters, K., Barker, I., Foster, G., Harrington, R., Taylor, M. S., Tones, S. and Morgan, D. 2001. Use of internet for provision of user specific support for decisions on the control of aphid-borne diseases. Proceedings 6th International Symposium on Aphids: Aphids in a New Millennium, Rennes, 3-7 September 2001 . pp. 331-336

Decision support for BYDV control in the United Kingdom: can a regional forecast be made field specific?

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Foster, G., Blake, S., Tones, S., Barker, I., Harrington, R., Taylor, M. S., Walters, K., Northing, P. and Morgan, D. 2001. Decision support for BYDV control in the United Kingdom: can a regional forecast be made field specific? Proceedings 6th International Symposium on Aphids: Aphids in a New Millennium, Rennes, 3-7 September 2001 . pp. 287-291

Forecasting aphid colonisation in outdoor salad crops

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Collier, R., Harrington, R. and Tatchell, G. M. 2001. Forecasting aphid colonisation in outdoor salad crops. Dedryver, C. A., Hulle, M., Rispe, C. and Simon, J. C. (ed.) Proceedings 6th International Symposium on Aphids: Aphids in a New Millennium, Rennes, 3-7 September 2001 . pp. 142

Radar observations of high-altitude migration behaviour of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Chapman, J. W., Reynolds, D. R., Smith, A. D., Riley, J. R. and Woiwod, I. P. 2001. Radar observations of high-altitude migration behaviour of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella. Abstracts Royal Entomological Society Insect Ecology Special Interest Group Meeting on Ecology of Insect Herbivores, London, 3 October 2001 .

Farm scale evaluations of GM crops: effects of the management of field scale releases of genetically-modified herbicide-tolerant crops on the abundance and diversity of farmland wildlife. Interim report 31 January 2001

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Firbank, L. G., Bater, J., Bennett, S., Brooks, D., Bohan, D. A., Champion, G. T., Clark, S. J., Daniels, R., Dewar, A. M., Haughton, A. J., Hawes, C., Heard, M., Hill, M., May, M. J., Norton, L., Osborne, J. L., Pidgeon, J. D., Perry, J. N., Rossall, M., Rothery, P., Roy, D., Scott, R., Squire, G., Watkins, J., Whittaker, D. and Woiwod, I. P. 2001. Farm scale evaluations of GM crops: effects of the management of field scale releases of genetically-modified herbicide-tolerant crops on the abundance and diversity of farmland wildlife. Interim report 31 January 2001.

Farm scale evaluations of GM crops: effects of the management of field scale releases of genetically-modified herbicide-tolerant crops on the abundance and diversity of farmland wildlife. Interim report 11 October 2001

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Firbank, L. G., Bennett, S., Brooks, D., Bohan, D. A., Champion, G. T., Clark, S. J., Daniels, R., Dewar, A. M., Haughton, A. J., Hawes, C., Heard, M., Hill, M., May, M. J., Norton, L., Osborne, J. L., Pidgeon, J. D., Perry, J. N., Rothery, P., Roy, D., Scott, R., Squire, G., Watkins, J., Whittaker, D. and Woiwod, I. P. 2001. Farm scale evaluations of GM crops: effects of the management of field scale releases of genetically-modified herbicide-tolerant crops on the abundance and diversity of farmland wildlife. Interim report 11 October 2001.

Monitoring insect dispersal: methods and approaches

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Osborne, J. L., Loxdale, H. D. and Woiwod, I. P. 2001. Monitoring insect dispersal: methods and approaches. Abstracts British Ecological Society Annual Symposium on Dispersal, Reading, 3-5 April 2001 . pp. 12

Long-term decline in abundance and distribution of the garden tiger moth (Arctia caja ) in Great Britain

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Conrad, K. F., Woiwod, I. P. and Perry, J. N. 2001. Long-term decline in abundance and distribution of the garden tiger moth (Arctia caja ) in Great Britain. Abstracts Royal Entomological Society Insect Conservation Special Interest Group Meeting, London, 5 December 2001 .

Climate change impacts on insect management and conservation in temperate regions: can they be predicted?

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Harrington, R., Fleming, R. A. and Woiwod, I. P. 2001. Climate change impacts on insect management and conservation in temperate regions: can they be predicted? Agricultural and Forest Entomology. 3 (4), pp. 233-240. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1461-9555.2001.00120.x

Managing insecticide resistance in lettuce aphids

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Denholm, I., Barber, M., Tatchell, G. M. and Kift, N. 2001. Managing insecticide resistance in lettuce aphids. HDC News. No 75, pp. 16-17.

Pirimicarb resistance in the currant-lettuce aphid, Nasonovia ribisnigri : field control and characterisation of an esterase responsible

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Barber, M., Moores, G. D., Denholm, I., Kift, N. and Tatchell, G. M. 2001. Pirimicarb resistance in the currant-lettuce aphid, Nasonovia ribisnigri : field control and characterisation of an esterase responsible. Abstracts Resistance 2001, Harpenden, 24-26 September 2001 .

Spatio-temporal variation in the abundance and distribution of the garden tiger moth (Arctia caja ) - implications of climate change

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Conrad, K. F., Woiwod, I. P. and Perry, J. N. 2001. Spatio-temporal variation in the abundance and distribution of the garden tiger moth (Arctia caja ) - implications of climate change. Parr, T. W. and Sier, A. R. J. (ed.) ECN Science Workshop 2000, CEH Merlewood, June 2000. Workshop Report . pp. 12

Long-term spatio-temporal variation in abundance of the garden tiger moth (Arctia caja ) during a population decline

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Conrad, K. F., Woiwod, I. P. and Perry, J. N. 2001. Long-term spatio-temporal variation in abundance of the garden tiger moth (Arctia caja ) during a population decline. Abstracts Detecting Environmental Change: Science and Society, London, 17-20 July 2001 . pp. 65-66

An abundance-occupancy time-lag during the decline of an arctiid tiger moth

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Conrad, K. F., Perry, J. N. and Woiwod, I. P. 2001. An abundance-occupancy time-lag during the decline of an arctiid tiger moth. Ecology Letters. 4 (4), pp. 300-303. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1461-0248.2001.00234.x

Farm scale evaluations of GM crops: effects of the management of field scale releases of genetically-modified herbicide-tolerant crops on the abundance and diversity of farmland wildlife. Interim report 20 October 2000

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Firbank, L. G., Bater, J., Bennett, S., Brooks, D., Bohan, D. A., Champion, G. T., Clark, S. J., Daniels, R., Dewar, A. M., Glen, D. M., Haughton, A. J., Hawes, C., Heard, M., Hill, M., Maudsley, M. J., Marshall, E. J. P., May, M. J., Norton, L., Osborne, J. L., Pidgeon, J. D., Perry, J. N., Rossall, M., Rothery, P., Roy, D., Scott, R., Squire, G., Watkins, J., Whittaker, D. and Woiwod, I. P. 2000. Farm scale evaluations of GM crops: effects of the management of field scale releases of genetically-modified herbicide-tolerant crops on the abundance and diversity of farmland wildlife. Interim report 20 October 2000. Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs (DEFRA).

Farm-scale trials for studying the effects of GM herbicide-tolerant crops on farmland biodiversity in the UK

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Woiwod, I. P., Dewar, A. M., Hawes, C. and Heard, M. 2000. Farm-scale trials for studying the effects of GM herbicide-tolerant crops on farmland biodiversity in the UK. Antenna - Bulletin of the Royal Entomological Society. 24, pp. 66-68.

Impact of GM plants on the non-target arthropod fauna

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Schuler, T. H., Poppy, G. M., Woiwod, I. P. and Denholm, I. 2000. Impact of GM plants on the non-target arthropod fauna. Proceedings WHO Seminar on the Release of Genetically Modified Organisms in the Environment: is it a Health Hazard?, Rome, 7-9 September 2000 .

Chaos in real data: the analysis of non-linear dynamics from short ecological time series

E - Books edited/written by staff member, alone/with others

Perry, J. N., Smith, R. H. and Woiwod, I. P. Morse, D. R. (ed.) 2000. Chaos in real data: the analysis of non-linear dynamics from short ecological time series. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, Netherlands.

Farm scale evaluation of GM crops: effects of the management of field scale releases of genetically-modified herbicide-tolerant crops on the abundance and diversity of farmland wildlife. Interim Report. 3 March 2000

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Firbank, L. G., Brooks, D., Champion, G., Daniels, R., Dewar, A. M., Dixon, M., Haughton, A. J., Hawes, C., Heard, M., Hill, M., Lutman, P. J. W., Maudsley, M., May, M. J., Osborne, J. L., Pidgeon, J. D., Perry, J. N., Rothery, P., Roy, D., Scott, R., Squire, G., Watkins, J. and Woiwod, I. P. 2000. Farm scale evaluation of GM crops: effects of the management of field scale releases of genetically-modified herbicide-tolerant crops on the abundance and diversity of farmland wildlife. Interim Report. 3 March 2000.

Aphids join the resistance

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Tatchell, G. M. and Denholm, I. 1999. Aphids join the resistance. Grower. 22 July 1999, pp. 20-21.

Insecticide resistance in the currant-lettuce aphid, Nasonovia ribisnegri (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in the UK

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Barber, M. D., Moores, G. D., Tatchell, G. M., Vice, W. E. and Denholm, I. 1999. Insecticide resistance in the currant-lettuce aphid, Nasonovia ribisnegri (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in the UK. Bulletin of Entomological Research. 89 (1), pp. 17-23. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485399000036

TAXAKEY of aphids on the world's crops (Review)

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Taylor, M. S. 1999. TAXAKEY of aphids on the world's crops (Review). Bulletin of Entomological Research. 89 (2), pp. 199-200. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485399000309

Studies on invertebrate biodiversity

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Woiwod, I. P. 1999. Studies on invertebrate biodiversity. Farmscale Evaluations of Genetically Modified Crops: Report of a Seminar held at the Society of Chemical Industry, 23 July 1999 . WS Atkins Environment, Epsom. pp. 3.3-3.5

Vertical-Looking Radar: a powerful new tool for monitoring insect flight at altitude

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Chapman, J. W., Woiwod, I. P., Dewar, A. M., Reynolds, D. R., Smith, A. D. and Riley, J. R. 1999. Vertical-Looking Radar: a powerful new tool for monitoring insect flight at altitude. Abstracts British Ecological Society Winter and Annual General Meeting, Leeds, 20-22 December 1999 .

Vertical-Looking Radar: a powerful new tool for monitoring insect flight at altitude

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Chapman, J. W., Woiwod, I. P., Dewar, A. M., Reynolds, D. R., Smith, A. D. and Riley, J. 1999. Vertical-Looking Radar: a powerful new tool for monitoring insect flight at altitude. Abstracts 20th Symposium of the Royal Entomological Society: Insect Movement: Mechanisms and Consequences, London, 13-14 September 1999 .

Insect migration

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Woiwod, I. P. 1999. Insect migration.

The effect of phenological asynchrony on population dynamics: analysis of fluctuations of British macrolepidoptera

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Watt, A. D. and Woiwod, I. P. 1999. The effect of phenological asynchrony on population dynamics: analysis of fluctuations of British macrolepidoptera. Oikos. 87 (2), pp. 411-416. https://doi.org/10.2307/3546759

The influence of aphid natural enemies on the spread of barley yellow dwarf virus

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Johnson, D. W., Harrington, R., Taylor, M. S. and Burgess, A. J. 1999. The influence of aphid natural enemies on the spread of barley yellow dwarf virus. Proceedings 2nd Annual National Wheat Industry Research Forum, Nashville, 4-5 February 1999 . pp. 45-49

Trap design for monitoring moth biodiversity in tropical rainforests

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Intachat, J. and Woiwod, I. P. 1999. Trap design for monitoring moth biodiversity in tropical rainforests. Bulletin of Entomological Research. 89 (2), pp. 153-163. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485399000243

Farm-scale evaluation of GM crops explained

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Firbank, L. G., Dewar, A. M., Hill, M. O., May, M. J., Perry, J. N., Rothery, P., Squire, G. R. and Woiwod, I. P. 1999. Farm-scale evaluation of GM crops explained. Nature. 399 (6738), pp. 727-728. https://doi.org/10.1038/21516

Climate change and trophic interactions

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Harrington, R., Woiwod, I. P. and Sparks, T. 1999. Climate change and trophic interactions. Trends In Ecology & Evolution. 14, pp. 146-150.

Unseasonal male aphids

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Taylor, M. S., Harrington, R. and Clark, S. J. 1998. Unseasonal male aphids. Dixon, A. F. G. and Nietonafria, J. M. (ed.) Aphids in natural and managed ecosystems . Universidad de Leon, Leon. pp. 287-293

Insect abundance

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Sparks, T. H. and Woiwod, I. P. 1998. Insect abundance.

Dates of insect appearance and activity

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Sparks, T. H. and Woiwod, I. P. 1998. Dates of insect appearance and activity.

The influence of aphid natural enemies on the spread of barley yellow dwarf virus

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Johnson, D. W., Harrington, R., Taylor, M. S. and Burgess, A. J. 1998. The influence of aphid natural enemies on the spread of barley yellow dwarf virus.

Insecticide resistance detected in lettuce aphids

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Denholm, I., Barber, M. D. and Tatchell, G. M. 1998. Insecticide resistance detected in lettuce aphids. HDC News. August 1998, p. 9.

Confirmation of insecticide resistance in UK populations of the currant-lettuce aphid, Nasonovia ribisnigri

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Barber, M. D., Moores, G. D., Denholm, I., Tatchell, G. M. and Vice, W. E. 1998. Confirmation of insecticide resistance in UK populations of the currant-lettuce aphid, Nasonovia ribisnigri. Proceedings Brighton Crop Protection Conference - Pests and Diseases, 1998 . pp. 485-490

Spread of BYDV - DESSAC module

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Harrington, R., Burgess, A. J., Taylor, M. S., Foster, G. N., Morrison, S., Ward, L., Tones, S. J., Rogers, R., Barker, I., Walters, K. F. A. and Morgan, D. 1998. Spread of BYDV - DESSAC module. Management through Understanding: Research into Practice. Proceedings 6th H-GCA R&D Conference on Cereals and Oilseeds, Cambridge, 8-9 January 1998 . Home Grown Cereals Authority (HGCA) London. pp. 14.1-14.18

Extinction and the variability of populations

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Mcardle, B. H. and Woiwod, I. P. 1998. Extinction and the variability of populations. Manly, B. F. J., Baumgartner, J. and Brandmayr, P. (ed.) Population and Community Ecology for Insect Management and Conservation: Proceedings of the Ecology and Population Dynamics Section of the 20th International Congress of Entomology, Florence, 25-31 August 1996 . A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam Netherlands. pp. 75-87

The spread of coarse grasses and changes in numbers of lepidoptera in a woodland nature reserve

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Pollard, E., Woiwod, I. P., Greatorex-Davies, J. N., Yates, T. J. and Welch, R. C. 1998. The spread of coarse grasses and changes in numbers of lepidoptera in a woodland nature reserve. Biological Conservation. 84, pp. 17-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3207(97)00090-6

Temperature change and complex dynamics

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Zhou, X-L, Perry, J. N., Woiwod, I. P., Harrington, R., Bale, J. S. and Clark, S. J. 1997. Temperature change and complex dynamics. Oecologia. 112 (4), pp. 543-550. https://doi.org/10.1007/s004420050343

Invertebrates

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Woiwod, I. P. 1997. Invertebrates. Stationery Office (TSO).

Detecting the effects of climate change on Lepidoptera

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Woiwod, I. P. 1997. Detecting the effects of climate change on Lepidoptera. Journal of Insect Conservation. 1 (3), pp. 149-158. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1018451613970

Estimating chaos in an insect population

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Perry, J. N., Woiwod, I. P., Smith, R. H. and Morse, D. 1997. Estimating chaos in an insect population. Science - AAAS. 276, pp. 1881-1882.

Ground predators

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Woiwod, I. P. and Coulson, J. C. 1997. Ground predators. Stationery Office (TSO).

Butterflies

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Woiwod, I. P. 1997. Butterflies. Stationery Office (TSO).

Moths

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Woiwod, I. P. 1997. Moths. Stationery Office (TSO).

Detecting chaotic dynamics of insect populations from long-term survey data

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Zhou, X-L, Perry, J. N., Woiwod, I. P., Harrington, R., Bale, J. S. and Clark, S. J. 1997. Detecting chaotic dynamics of insect populations from long-term survey data. Ecological Entomology. 22 (2), pp. 231-241. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2311.1997.00049.x

Monitoring population change and diversity

B - Book chapters etc edited externally

Woiwod, I. P. 1997. Monitoring population change and diversity. in: Woiwod, I. P., Arnold, V. W., Manning, D. V. and Baker, C. R. B. (ed.) The butterflies and moths of Bedfordshire Bedfordshire Natural History Society, Bedford. pp. 61-78

The butterflies and moths of Bedfordshire

E - Books edited/written by staff member, alone/with others

Arnold, V. W., Baker, C. R. B., Manning, D. V. and Woiwod, I. P. 1997. The butterflies and moths of Bedfordshire. Bedfordshire Natural History Society, Bedford.

Long-term fluctuations in insect numbers

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Woiwod, I. P. 1996. Long-term fluctuations in insect numbers.

Climate change and Lepidoptera - the times they are a changing

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Woiwod, I. P. 1996. Climate change and Lepidoptera - the times they are a changing. Pullin, A. S. (ed.) Abstracts Conserving Lepidoptera in a Changing Environment. Butterfly Conservation's 2nd International Symposium, Warwick, 6-8 September 1996 .

The impact of climate change on aphid population dynamics and phenology

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Harrington, R., Perry, J. N., Woiwod, I. P., Zhou, X-L, Clark, S. J., Bale, J. S., Howling, G. G., Lisle, L. and Mair, J. 1996. The impact of climate change on aphid population dynamics and phenology. Proceedings BBSRC Conference on Biological Adaptation to Global Environmental Change, Lancaster, 9-11 September 1996 .

Spatial analysis by distance indices - the next generation

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Bell, E. D., Perry, J. N., Smith, R. H. and Woiwod, I. P. 1996. Spatial analysis by distance indices - the next generation. Abstracts British Ecological Society Winter Meeting, Durham, 16-19 December 1996 .

Information and indicators to give an overview of UK wildlife: final report to the Department of the Environment (DoE/ITE contract EPG 1/8/12)

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Parr, T. W., Bunce, R. G. H., Hallam, C., Scott, A., Eversham, B. C., Harding, P., Roy, D., Henderson, I. G., Baillie, S. R., Crick, H. Q. P., Furse, M. T., Harris, Stephen and Woiwod, I. P. 1996. Information and indicators to give an overview of UK wildlife: final report to the Department of the Environment (DoE/ITE contract EPG 1/8/12). Institute of Terrestrial Ecology (ITE) Merlewood.

Moth diversity and long-term trends

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Woiwod, I. P. and Riley, A. M. 1996. Moth diversity and long-term trends. Nieminen, M. (ed.) Proceedings Seminar on the International Moth Monitoring Scheme, Helsinki, 10 April 1996 . pp. 13-21

The Rothamsted Insect Survey - large scale surveillance of aphids and moths

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Woiwod, I. P. 1996. The Rothamsted Insect Survey - large scale surveillance of aphids and moths. Abstracts Workshop on Invertebrate Surveillance: Techniques and Applications, London, 11-12 December 1996 .

SADIE: software to measure and model spatial patterns

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Perry, J. N., Bell, E. D., Smith, R. H. and Woiwod, I. P. 1996. SADIE: software to measure and model spatial patterns. Modelling in Applied Biology. Aspects of Applied Biology 46 . pp. 95-102

The effect of temperature and inoculation access period on the transmission of barley yellow dwarf virus by Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) and Sitobion avenae (F.)

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Lowles, A. J., Tatchell, G. M., Harrington, R. and Clark, S. J. 1996. The effect of temperature and inoculation access period on the transmission of barley yellow dwarf virus by Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) and Sitobion avenae (F.). Annals of Applied Biology - AAB. 128 (1), pp. 45-53. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.1996.tb07088.x

Adaptive significance of changes in morph production during the transition from parthenogenetic to sexual reproduction in the aphid Rhopalosiphum padi (Homoptera: Aphididae)

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Austin, A. B. M., Tatchell, G. M., Harrington, R. and Bale, J. S. 1996. Adaptive significance of changes in morph production during the transition from parthenogenetic to sexual reproduction in the aphid Rhopalosiphum padi (Homoptera: Aphididae). Bulletin of Entomological Research. 86 (2), pp. 93-99. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485300052317

Impact of climate change on aphid flight phenology

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Zhou, X-L, Harrington, R., Woiwod, I. P., Perry, J. N., Clark, S. J. and Bale, J. S. 1996. Impact of climate change on aphid flight phenology. Aspects of Applied Biology. 45, pp. 299-305.

Predicting spring migration of the damson-hop aphid Phorodon humuli (Homoptera: Aphididae) from historical records of host-plant flowering phenology and weather

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Worner, S. P., Tatchell, G. M. and Woiwod, I. P. 1995. Predicting spring migration of the damson-hop aphid Phorodon humuli (Homoptera: Aphididae) from historical records of host-plant flowering phenology and weather. Journal of Applied Ecology. 32 (1), pp. 17-28. https://doi.org/10.2307/2404412

Determination of factors affecting grain aphid movement with reference to spread of BYDV in the autumn and winter and forecasting direct damage in summer. Home-Grown Cereals Authority Project Report No. 110

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Mann, J. A., Harrington, R., Tatchell, G. M., Oakley, J. N., Tones, S., Ellis, S., Watling, M. and Walters, K. 1995. Determination of factors affecting grain aphid movement with reference to spread of BYDV in the autumn and winter and forecasting direct damage in summer. Home-Grown Cereals Authority Project Report No. 110. London, H-GCA.

Rothamsted Insect Survey Light Trap Newsletter

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Woiwod, I. P., Riley, A. M., Parker, S. J., Wright, S., Alderson, L. A. and Bater, J. 1995. Rothamsted Insect Survey Light Trap Newsletter.

Effects of temperature on aphid phenology

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Zhou, X-L, Harrington, R., Woiwod, I. P., Perry, J. N., Bale, J. S. and Clark, S. J. 1995. Effects of temperature on aphid phenology. Global Change Biology. 1 (4), pp. 303-313. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.1995.tb00029.x

Drought stress and cereal aphid performance

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Pons, X. and Tatchell, G. M. 1995. Drought stress and cereal aphid performance. Annals of Applied Biology - AAB. 126 (1), pp. 19-31. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.1995.tb05000.x

Movement of apterous Sitobion avenae (Homoptera:Aphididae) in response to leaf disturbances caused by wind and rain

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Mann, J. A., Tatchell, G. M., Dupuch, M. J., Harrington, R., Clark, S. J. and McCartney, H. A. 1995. Movement of apterous Sitobion avenae (Homoptera:Aphididae) in response to leaf disturbances caused by wind and rain. Annals of Applied Biology - AAB. 126 (3), pp. 417-427. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.1995.tb05376.x

Insect crop pests and the changing climate

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Harrington, R. and Woiwod, I. P. 1995. Insect crop pests and the changing climate. Weather. 50, pp. 200-208.

Insects as indicators of land use change: a European perspective, focusing on moths and ground beetles

B - Book chapters etc edited externally

Luff, M. L. and Woiwod, I. P. 1995. Insects as indicators of land use change: a European perspective, focusing on moths and ground beetles. in: Harrington, R. and Stork, N. E. (ed.) Insects in a changing environment Academic Press, London. pp. 399-422

The impact of climate change on aphid population dynamics

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Harrington, R., Perry, J. N., Woiwod, I. P., Zhou, X-L, Bale, J. S. and Howling, G. G. 1995. The impact of climate change on aphid population dynamics. Oxford University Press (OUP) Oxford.

Aphids in a changing climate

B - Book chapters etc edited externally

Bale, J. S. and Tatchell, G. M. 1995. Aphids in a changing climate. in: Harrington, R. and Stork, N. E. (ed.) Insects in a changing environment Academic Press, London. pp. 125-155

Rothamsted Insect Survey Light Trap Newsletter

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Woiwod, I. P., Riley, A. M., Parker, S. J., Wright, S., Alderson, L. J. and Bater, J. 1994. Rothamsted Insect Survey Light Trap Newsletter.

Y all the caterpillars in the 1994 sugar beet crop?

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Dewar, A. and Woiwod, I. P. 1994. Y all the caterpillars in the 1994 sugar beet crop? British Sugar Beet Review. 62(4), pp. 19-21.

Detection of viruses and insecticide resistance in sugar beet aphids caught in suction traps

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Stevens, M., Smith, H. G., Hallsworth, P. B., Haylock, L. A., Dewar, A. M., Devine, G. J., Harrington, R., Parker, S., Tatchell, G. M. and Devonshire, A. L. 1994. Detection of viruses and insecticide resistance in sugar beet aphids caught in suction traps. Proceedings Brighton Crop Protection Conference - Pests and Diseases, 1994 . pp. 917-922

The effects of climate change on pest insects in the UK. Confidential report for Greenpeace Ltd

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Woiwod, I. P. and Harrington, R. 1994. The effects of climate change on pest insects in the UK. Confidential report for Greenpeace Ltd.

Progression of barley yellow dwarf luteovirus in the field over winter with respect to growth stage at time of inoculation

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Lowles, A., Taylor, M. S. and Harrington, R. 1994. Progression of barley yellow dwarf luteovirus in the field over winter with respect to growth stage at time of inoculation. Barley Yellow Dwarf Newsletter. 5, pp. 38-39.

Flying in the face of change

B - Book chapters etc edited externally

Woiwod, I. P. and Harrington, R. 1994. Flying in the face of change. in: Johnston, A. E. and Leigh, R. A. (ed.) Long-term experiments in agricultural and ecological sciences CABI International, Wallingford, Oxon (CABI). pp. 321-342

The distribution and genetic structure of farmland moth communities

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Woiwod, I. P. and Wynne, I. R. 1994. The distribution and genetic structure of farmland moth communities. Dover, J. W. (ed.) Fragmentation in Agricultural Landscapes. Proceedings of the International Association for Landscape Ecology Conference, Preston, September 1994 . International Association of Landscape Ecology. pp. 137-144

Long term trends in aphid flight phenology consistent with global warming: methods and some preliminary results

B - Book chapters etc edited externally

Fleming, R. A. and Tatchell, G. M. 1994. Long term trends in aphid flight phenology consistent with global warming: methods and some preliminary results. in: Watt, A. D., Walters, K. F. A., Mills, N. J. and Leather, S. R. (ed.) Individuals, populations and patterns in ecology Intercept Ltd Andover, Hampshire England. pp. 63-71

Morph identification in natural populations of alate female bird cherry aphids, Rhopalosiphum padi L., by multivariate methods

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Taylor, M. S., Tatchell, G. M. and Clark, S. J. 1994. Morph identification in natural populations of alate female bird cherry aphids, Rhopalosiphum padi L., by multivariate methods. Annals of Applied Biology - AAB. 125 (1), pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.1994.tb04941.x

The impact of climate change on aphid population dynamics and phenology

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Harrington, R., Perry, J. N., Woiwod, I. P., Zhou, X-L, Bale, J. S. and Howling, G. G. 1994. The impact of climate change on aphid population dynamics and phenology. Abstracts BBSRC Conference on Biological Adaptations to Global Environmental Change, University of Nottingham, 12th-14th September 1994 .

Monitoring and forecasting for BYDV control - the way forward?

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Harrington, R., Mann, J. A., Plumb, R. T., Smith, A. J., Taylor, M. S., Foster, G. N., Holmes, S. J., Masterman, A. J., Tones, S. J., Knight, J. D., Oakley, J. N., Barker, I. and Walters, K. F. A. 1994. Monitoring and forecasting for BYDV control - the way forward? Sampling to Make Decisions. Aspects of Applied Biology .

Rothamsted Insect Survey Light Trap Newsletter

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Woiwod, I. P., Riley, A. M., Parker, S. J., Wright, S., Alderson, L. J. and Bater, J. 1993. Rothamsted Insect Survey Light Trap Newsletter.

Aphid and virus dynamics to improve forecasts of barley yellow dwarf virus. Interim report to the Home-Grown Cereals Authority

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Smith, A. J., Harrington, R. and Tatchell, G. M. 1993. Aphid and virus dynamics to improve forecasts of barley yellow dwarf virus. Interim report to the Home-Grown Cereals Authority.

Inheritance of photoperiodic responses in the bird cherry aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Chauhan, G., Hardie, J., Harrington, R. and Tatchell, G. M. 1993. Inheritance of photoperiodic responses in the bird cherry aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi. Abstracts 4th International Symposium on Aphids: Critical Issues in Aphid Biology, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic, 30 August-3 September 1993 . pp. 7

Monitoring aphids and virus to improve forecasts of barley yellow dwarf virus. Final report on Home-Grown Cereals Authority project no. 0003/3/89

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Tatchell, G. M., Hill, S. A., Tones, S., Barker, I. and Smith, A. J. 1993. Monitoring aphids and virus to improve forecasts of barley yellow dwarf virus. Final report on Home-Grown Cereals Authority project no. 0003/3/89. H-GCA, London.

Density dependence, population persistence, and largely futile arguments

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Hanski, I., Woiwod, I. P. and Perry, J. N. 1993. Density dependence, population persistence, and largely futile arguments. Oecologia. 95 (4), pp. 595-598. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00317446

Using response-surface methodology to detect chaos in ecological time series

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Perry, J. N., Woiwod, I. P. and Hanski, I. 1993. Using response-surface methodology to detect chaos in ecological time series. Oikos. 68 (2), pp. 329-339. https://doi.org/10.2307/3544847

The ecology of butterflies and moths at the landscape scale

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Woiwod, I. P. and Thomas, J. A. 1993. The ecology of butterflies and moths at the landscape scale. Haines-Young, R. (ed.) Landscape Ecology in Britain. Proceedings 1st IALE-UK Meeting, Nottingham, September 1992 . pp. 76-92

Spatial synchrony in the dynamics of moth and aphid populations

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Hanski, I. and Woiwod, I. P. 1993. Spatial synchrony in the dynamics of moth and aphid populations. Journal of Animal Ecology. 62 (4), pp. 656-668. https://doi.org/10.2307/5386

A pheromone trap for dispersal of the pathogen Zoophthora radicans Brefeld (Zygomycetes: Entomophthorales) amongst populations of the Diamondback Moth, Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae)

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Pell, J. K., Macaulay, E. D. M. and Wilding, N. 1993. A pheromone trap for dispersal of the pathogen Zoophthora radicans Brefeld (Zygomycetes: Entomophthorales) amongst populations of the Diamondback Moth, Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae). Biocontrol Science and Technology. 3, pp. 315-320.

Catching up on aphids

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Tatchell, G. M. 1993. Catching up on aphids. Agronomist. 2, pp. 2-3.

Mean-related stochasticity and population variability

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Hanski, I. and Woiwod, I. P. 1993. Mean-related stochasticity and population variability. Oikos. 67 (1), pp. 29-39. https://doi.org/10.2307/3545092

New records of aphid species caught in water yellow traps in Greece

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Lykouressis, D. P., Taylor, M. S., Tsitsipis, J. A. and Katis, N. 1992. New records of aphid species caught in water yellow traps in Greece. Entomologia Hellenica. 10, pp. 41-43.

The effect of imidacloprid on the mortality and behaviour of the aphid vectors of barley yellow dwarf virus

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Tatchell, G. M. and Hughes, K. 1992. The effect of imidacloprid on the mortality and behaviour of the aphid vectors of barley yellow dwarf virus. Confidential report to Bayer UK Limited.

Fitting Taylor's power law

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Perry, J. N. and Woiwod, I. P. 1992. Fitting Taylor's power law. Oikos. 65 (3), pp. 538-542. https://doi.org/10.2307/3545573

Vector aphid morph and its relevance to barley yellow dwarf virus infection and spread

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Tatchell, G. M. 1992. Vector aphid morph and its relevance to barley yellow dwarf virus infection and spread. Abstracts Viruses, Vectors and the Environment. ISPP 5th International Plant Epidemiology Symposium, Valenzano (Bari), Italy, 27-31 July 1992 . pp. 217

Influence of imidacloprid on the behaviour and mortality of aphids: vectors of barley yellow dwarf virus

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Tatchell, G. M. 1992. Influence of imidacloprid on the behaviour and mortality of aphids: vectors of barley yellow dwarf virus. Pflanzenschutz-Nachrichten Bayer. 45, pp. 409-422.

Comparative phenologies of two migrant cereal aphid species

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Clark, S. J., Tatchell, G. M., Perry, J. N. and Woiwod, I. P. 1992. Comparative phenologies of two migrant cereal aphid species. Journal of Applied Ecology. 29 (3), pp. 571-580. https://doi.org/10.2307/2404464

Spread and infectivity of aphid vectors of barley yellow dwarf virus in autumn in southern England, 1988-1990

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Tatchell, G. M. and Plumb, R. T. 1992. Spread and infectivity of aphid vectors of barley yellow dwarf virus in autumn in southern England, 1988-1990. Pflanzenschutz-Nachrichten Bayer. 45, pp. 443-454.

Light trap newsletter

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Woiwod, I. P., Riley, A. M., Parker, S., Alderson, L. J., Bater, J., Jones, H., Townsend, M. C. and Feather, M. 1992. Light trap newsletter. IACR Rothamsted Experimental Station, Harpenden.

Forecasting based on 20 years data on populations of Aphis fabae in Southern England - the significance of weather

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Way, M., Cammell, M. and Tatchell, G. M. 1992. Forecasting based on 20 years data on populations of Aphis fabae in Southern England - the significance of weather. Abstracts AAB Presidential Meeting Monitoring and Forecasting to Improve Crop and Environment Protection, Rennes, September 1992 . pp. 13

The possible effects of climate change on aphid-transmitted viruses of temperate crops

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Tatchell, G. M. and Plumb, R. T. 1992. The possible effects of climate change on aphid-transmitted viruses of temperate crops. Abstracts Viruses, Vectors and the Environment. ISPP 5th International Plant Virus Epidemiology Symposium, Valenzano, (Bari), Italy, 27-31 July 1992. pp. 117

Long term study of possible climatic effects on aphid flight phenology

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Fleming, R. A. and Tatchell, G. M. 1992. Long term study of possible climatic effects on aphid flight phenology. Abstracts Conference on Individuals, Populations and Patterns, University of East Anglia, Norwich, September 1992. pp. 5

Patterns of density dependence in moths and aphids

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Woiwod, I. P. and Hanski, I. 1992. Patterns of density dependence in moths and aphids. Journal of Animal Ecology. 61 (3), pp. 619-629. https://doi.org/10.2307/5617

The Rothamsted insect survey light trap network

B - Book chapters etc edited externally

Woiwod, I. P. and Riley, A. M. 1992. The Rothamsted insect survey light trap network. in: Harding, P. T. (ed.) Biological Recording of Changes in British Wildlife. Proceedings ITE Symposium No 26, March 1990 HMSO, London. pp. 76-77

Variations in life cycle strategies of the aphid Rhopalosiphum padi and their implications for forecasting

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Tatchell, G. M. 1992. Variations in life cycle strategies of the aphid Rhopalosiphum padi and their implications for forecasting. Abstracts AAB Presidential Meeting Monitoring and Forecasting to Improve Crop and Environment Protection, Rennes, September 1992 . Association of Applied Biologists (AAB) Wellesbourne Warwick . pp. 23

Monitoring vector aphid dynamics

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Tatchell, G. M. 1992. Monitoring vector aphid dynamics.

The Rothamsted insect survey: an approach to aphid research

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Tatchell, G. M. 1992. The Rothamsted insect survey: an approach to aphid research. Arable Research Institute Association Newsletter.

Aphid life cycle strategies in a changing environment: the implications for barley yellow dwarf virus epidemiology

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Tatchell, G. M. 1992. Aphid life cycle strategies in a changing environment: the implications for barley yellow dwarf virus epidemiology.

Rothamsted Insect Survey twenty-second annual summary

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Woiwod, I. P., Tatchell, G. M., Dupuch, M. J., Parker, S. J., Riley, A. M. and Taylor, M. S. 1992. Rothamsted Insect Survey twenty-second annual summary. Lawes Agricultural Trust, (LAT) Harpenden.

The effect of imidacloprid on the behaviour and mortality of aphid vectors of barley yellow dwarf virus

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Tatchell, G. M. 1992. The effect of imidacloprid on the behaviour and mortality of aphid vectors of barley yellow dwarf virus. Symposium Beitrage zum Wirkungsmechanismus und zur Wirkungsweise von Imidacloprid, Pflanzenschutzzentrum Monheim, March 1992. pp. Abstract

FLYPAST. An information management system of the Rothamsted aphid database to aid pest control research and advice

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Knight, J. D., Tatchell, G. M., Norton, G. A. and Harrington, R. 1992. FLYPAST. An information management system of the Rothamsted aphid database to aid pest control research and advice. Crop Protection. 11, pp. 419-426.

The ecological importance of long-term synoptic monitoring

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Woiwod, I. P. 1991. The ecological importance of long-term synoptic monitoring. Carter, N., Potts, G. R., Darbyshire, J. F. and Firbank, L. G. (ed.) The Ecology of Temperate Cereal Fields. Proceedings 32nd Symposium of the British Ecological Society with the Association of Applied Biologists, University of Cambridge, 1991. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford. pp. 275-304

Delayed density-dependence

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Hanski, I. and Woiwod, I. P. 1991. Delayed density-dependence. Nature. 350 (6313), p. 28. https://doi.org/10.1038/350028a0

The use of pheromones to enhance control of Plutella xylostella with Zoophthora radicans

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Pell, J. K., Wilding, N. and Macaulay, E. D. M. 1991. The use of pheromones to enhance control of Plutella xylostella with Zoophthora radicans.

A method for rearing cereal aphids in a small space

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Austin, A. B. M., Tatchell, G. M., Harrington, R. and Bale, J. S. 1991. A method for rearing cereal aphids in a small space. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata. 61 (1), pp. 91-93.

Light Trap Newsletter, December 1991

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Woiwod, I. P., Riley, A. M., Parker, S., Wright, S., Alderson, L. J. and Townsend, M. C. 1991. Light Trap Newsletter, December 1991.

Flight behaviour of the bird cherry aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Nottingham, S. F., Hardie, J. and Tatchell, G. M. 1991. Flight behaviour of the bird cherry aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi. Physiological Entomology. 16 (2), pp. 223-229. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3032.1991.tb00559.x

Monitoring and forecasting aphid problems

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Tatchell, G. M. 1991. Monitoring and forecasting aphid problems. Peters, D. C., Chlouber, C. S. and Webster, J. A. (ed.) Aphid-plant Interactions: Populations to Molecules, Proceedings of an OSU Centenniel Event, Stillwater, Oklahoma, August 12-17, 1990. Oklahoma State University, Stillwater. pp. 215-231

Monitoring and forecasting aphid problems

B - Book chapters etc edited externally

Tatchell, G. M. 1991. Monitoring and forecasting aphid problems. in: Peters, D. C. and Webster, J. A. (ed.) in Aphid-plant interactions: populations to molecules

Report on the session 2: aphid monitoring systems

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Woiwod, I. P. 1990. Report on the session 2: aphid monitoring systems. Cavalloro, R. (ed.) 'Euraphid' Network: Trapping and Aphid Prognosis. Proceedings of a Meeting of the EC-Experts' Group, Catania Italy, 7-9 November 1988. CEC, Luxembourg (EUR 11559). pp. 307-308

Suction trapping networks in Europe: future directions

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Woiwod, I. P. 1990. Suction trapping networks in Europe: future directions. Cavalloro, R. (ed.) 'Euraphid' Network: Trapping and Aphid Prognosis. Proceedings of a Meeting of the EC-Experts' Group, Catania Italy, 7-9 November 1988. CEC, Luxembourg (EUR 11559). pp. 149-152

Weather, life cycle strategy and spring population of aphids

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Harrington, R., Tatchell, G. M. and Bale, J. S. 1990. Weather, life cycle strategy and spring population of aphids.

Rothamsted Insect Survey: Twenty-first Annual Summary

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Woiwod, I. P., Tatchell, G. M., Dupuch, M. J., Parker, S. J., Riley, A. M. and Taylor, M. S. 1990. Rothamsted Insect Survey: Twenty-first Annual Summary. Lawes Agricultural Trust, (LAT) Harpenden.

Butterflies and moths - migration in the agricultural environment

B - Book chapters etc edited externally

Woiwod, I. P. and Stewart, A. J. A. 1990. Butterflies and moths - migration in the agricultural environment. in: Bunce, R. G. H. and C, Howard, D. (ed.) Species dispersal in agricultural habitats Belhaven Press, London. pp. 189-202

Interesting Lepidoptera records for April 1990

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Woiwod, I. P., Riley, A. M. and Townsend, M. C. 1990. Interesting Lepidoptera records for April 1990. Entomologist's Record and Journal of Variation. 102, pp. 200-201.

The epidemiology and prospects for control of barley yellow dwarf virus in autumn

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Plumb, R. T., Carter, N. and Tatchell, G. M. 1990. The epidemiology and prospects for control of barley yellow dwarf virus in autumn. ANPP - Second International Conference on Pests in Agriculture, Versailles, 1990. pp. 781-788

Seasonality and diversity of macrolepidoptera in two lowland sites in the Dumoga-Bone National Park, Sulawesi Utara

B - Book chapters etc edited externally

Barlow, H. S. and Woiwod, I. P. 1990. Seasonality and diversity of macrolepidoptera in two lowland sites in the Dumoga-Bone National Park, Sulawesi Utara. in: Knight, W. J. and Holloway, J. D. (ed.) Insects and the rain forests of South East Asia (Wallacea) London, Royal Entomological Society (RES). pp. 167-172

Light Trap Newsletter

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Woiwod, I. P., Riley, A. M., Parker, S. J., Wright, S. A., Alderson, L. J. and Townsend, M. C. 1990. Light Trap Newsletter.

Vector aphid dynamics and BYD epidemiology.

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Tatchell, G. M. 1990. Vector aphid dynamics and BYD epidemiology. Barley Yellow Dwarf Newsletter. 3, pp. 7-8.

Interesting Lepidoptera records for April 1990.

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Woiwod, I. P., Riley, A. M. and Townsend, M. C. 1990. Interesting Lepidoptera records for April 1990. Entomologist's Record and Journal of Variation. 102, pp. 200-201.

Estimating potential crop colonization by barley yellow dwarf vectors from suction trap samples.

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Carter, N. and Tatchell, G. M. 1990. Estimating potential crop colonization by barley yellow dwarf vectors from suction trap samples. World perspectives on barley yellow dwarf. Proceedings of an international workshop, Udine, Italy, 1987. P.A. Burnett, ed., 286-289. CIMMYT, Mexico City..

Aphids - the flying menace of agriculture.

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Tatchell, G. M. 1990. Aphids - the flying menace of agriculture. British Sugar Beet Review. 58 (1), pp. 10-12.

Host plant selection by migrant Rhopalosiphum padi in autumn and the occurrence of an intermediate morph.

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Tatchell, G. M. and Parker, S. J. 1990. Host plant selection by migrant Rhopalosiphum padi in autumn and the occurrence of an intermediate morph. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata. 54 (3), pp. 237-244.

Data reduction and analysis

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Woiwod, I. P. and Perry, J. N. 1989. Data reduction and analysis. Cavalloro, R. and Delucchi, V. (ed.) Parasitis 88 - Proceedings of a Scientific Congress, Barcelona, 1988.

The efficiency of sticky traps.

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Macaulay, E. D. M. 1989. The efficiency of sticky traps.

Aphid migration and forecasting.

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Tatchell, G. M. and Woiwod, I. P. 1989. Aphid migration and forecasting. 'Euraphid' network : trapping and aphid prognosis. Proceedings of a meeting of the EC-Experts' Group, Catania, Italy, 1988. R. Cavalloro, ed.. EUR 11559 EN-FR CEC, Brussels.. pp. 15-28

Data reduction and analysis.

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Woiwod, I. P. and Perry, J. N. 1989. Data reduction and analysis. Parasitis 88 - Proceedings of a scientific Congress, Barcelona, 1988. R. Cavalloro & V. Delucchi, eds. Boletin de Sanidad Vegetal .

Rothamsted Insect Survey. Twentieth annual summary. 41pp.

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Woiwod, I. P., Tatchell, G. M., Dupuch, M. J., Macaulay, E. D. M., Parker, S. J., Riley, A. M. and Taylor, M. S. 1989. Rothamsted Insect Survey. Twentieth annual summary. 41pp.

Spatial pattern of abundance of the black bean aphid, Aphis fabae , in Britain.

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Cammell, M. E., Tatchell, G. M. and Woiwod, I. P. 1989. Spatial pattern of abundance of the black bean aphid, Aphis fabae , in Britain. Journal of Applied Ecology. 26 (2), pp. 463-472. https://doi.org/10.2307/2404074

A method for separating summer and autumn migrants of host-alternating aphids.

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Hardie, J. and Tatchell, G. M. 1989. A method for separating summer and autumn migrants of host-alternating aphids. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata. 52 (1), pp. 89-90.

A melanic aberration of Pieris rapae (L.), the small white butterfly (Lep. :Pieridae).

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Tatchell, G. M. and Riley, A. M. 1989. A melanic aberration of Pieris rapae (L.), the small white butterfly (Lep. :Pieridae). The Entomologist. 108, pp. 243-245.

Moth diversity of a tropical forest in peninsular Malaya.

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Barlow, H. S. and Woiwod, I. P. 1989. Moth diversity of a tropical forest in peninsular Malaya. Journal Of Tropical Ecology. 5, pp. 37-50.

An estimate of the potential economic losses to some crops due to aphids in Britain.

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Tatchell, G. M. 1989. An estimate of the potential economic losses to some crops due to aphids in Britain. Crop Protection. 8, pp. 25-29.

Regional adaptations in the phenology of a migrant aphid, Rhopalosiphumpadi (Homoptera: Aphididae).

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Tatchell, G. M. 1988. Regional adaptations in the phenology of a migrant aphid, Rhopalosiphumpadi (Homoptera: Aphididae). Proceedings XVIII International Congress of Entomology, Vancouver, B.C., Canada, 1988, 182..

Monitoring for insecticide resistance in migrant populations of Myzus persicae .

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Tatchell, G. M., Thorn, M., Loxdale, H. D. and Devonshire, A. L. 1988. Monitoring for insecticide resistance in migrant populations of Myzus persicae .  Proceedings British Crop Protection Conference - Pests and Diseases, Brighton, 1988, 439-444..

The Rothamsted Insect Survey and rapid aphid identification.

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Harrington, R. and Taylor, M. S. 1988. The Rothamsted Insect Survey and rapid aphid identification. Population structure, genetics and taxonomy of aphids and thysanoptera. Proceedings of International Symposia, Smolenice, Czechoslovakia, 1985. Eds J. Holman, J. Pelikan, A.F.G. Dixon & L. Weismann. The Hague: SPB Academic Publishing. pp. 267-272

Monitoring aerial insect abundance.

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Woiwod, I. P. 1988. Monitoring aerial insect abundance. BTO News. No.154 (January/February), p. 12.

Specificity of the spatial power-law exponent in ecology and agriculture.

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Taylor, L. R., Perry, J. N., Woiwod, I. P. and Taylor, R. A. J. 1988. Specificity of the spatial power-law exponent in ecology and agriculture. Nature. 332 (6166), pp. 721-722. https://doi.org/10.1038/332721a0

The Rothamsted Insect Survey '12-metre' suction trap.

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Macaulay, E. D. M., Tatchell, G. M. and Taylor, L. R. 1988. The Rothamsted Insect Survey '12-metre' suction trap. Bulletin of Entomological Research. 78 (1), pp. 121-129. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007485300016126

Migration of alate morphs of the bird cherry aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi) and implications for the epidemiology of barley yellow dwarf virus.

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Tatchell, G. M., Plumb, R. T. and Carter, N. 1988. Migration of alate morphs of the bird cherry aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi) and implications for the epidemiology of barley yellow dwarf virus. Annals of Applied Biology - AAB. 112 (1), pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.1988.tb02035.x

Aphid Commentary

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Tatchell, G. M. 1988. Aphid Commentary.

Aphid Bulletin

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Tatchell, G. M. 1988. Aphid Bulletin.

The control of Pieris rapae by granulosis virus.

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Payne, C. C., Tatchell, G. M. and Williams, C. F. 1988. The control of Pieris rapae by granulosis virus. Production and application of viral bio-pesticides in orchards and vegetables. Proceedings of a meeting of the EC Experts' Group. Eds. H. Audemard & R. Cavalloro. Brussels : CEC, p. 109..

Recent applications of computer mapping.

B - Book chapters etc edited externally

Woiwod, I. P. 1987. Recent applications of computer mapping. in: Aphid migration and forecasting 'Euraphid' systems in European community countries. Proceedings of the EC Expert Meeting. Ed. R. Cavalloro. Luxembourg : CEC pp. 225-229

Taxonomic problems arising from a rapid identification system for aphids.

B - Book chapters etc edited externally

Taylor, M. S. 1987. Taxonomic problems arising from a rapid identification system for aphids. in: Aphid migration and forecasting 'Euraphid' systems in European community countries. Proceedings of the EC Expert Meeting. Ed. R. Cavalloro. Luxembourg : CEC pp. 243-248

Dissemination and agricultural use of aphid monitoring data.

B - Book chapters etc edited externally

Tatchell, G. M. 1987. Dissemination and agricultural use of aphid monitoring data. in: Aphid migration and forecasting 'Euraphid' systems in European community countries. Proceedings of the EC Expert Meeting. Ed. R. Cavalloro. Luxembourg : CEC pp. 209-214

The present status and future developments in the Rothamsted Insect Survey.

B - Book chapters etc edited externally

Bent, G. A., Carter, N., Harrington, R., Tatchell, G. M., Taylor, M. S. and Woiwod, I. P. 1987. The present status and future developments in the Rothamsted Insect Survey. in: Aphid migration and forecasting 'Euraphid' systems in European community countries. Proceedings of the EC Expert Meeting. Ed. R. Cavalloro. Luxembourg : CEC pp. 201-207

Agricultural viewdata services in Britain and the role of Rothamsted as an information provider.

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Tatchell, G. M. 1987. Agricultural viewdata services in Britain and the role of Rothamsted as an information provider. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture. 2, pp. 163-170.

Assessing environmental change by monitoring moth populations.

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Woiwod, I. P. 1987. Assessing environmental change by monitoring moth populations.

Synoptic monitoring for migrant insect pests in Great Britain and Western Europe. VII. Annual population fluctuations of macrolepidoptera over Great Britain for 17 years.

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Woiwod, I. P. and Dancy, K. J. 1986. Synoptic monitoring for migrant insect pests in Great Britain and Western Europe. VII. Annual population fluctuations of macrolepidoptera over Great Britain for 17 years.

Some fluorine-containing pheromone analogues.

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Briggs, G. G., Cayley, G. R., Dawson, G. W., Griffiths, D. C., Macaulay, E. D. M., Pickett, J. A., Pile, M. M., Wadhams, L. J. and Woodcock, C. M. 1986. Some fluorine-containing pheromone analogues. Pesticide Science. 17 (4), pp. 441-448. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.2780170415

The role of the Rothamsted Insect Survey in aphid monitoring and forecasting.

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Tatchell, G. M. and Woiwod, I. P. 1986. The role of the Rothamsted Insect Survey in aphid monitoring and forecasting. Proceedings Parasitis. 86, p. 171.

Report of tests of propheromones as mating disruptants against two bollworm pests of cotton in Pakistan 1985.

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Macaulay, E. D. M. 1986. Report of tests of propheromones as mating disruptants against two bollworm pests of cotton in Pakistan 1985.

Field performance of synthetic diamondback moth sex pheromones.

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Macaulay, E. D. M., Dawson, G. W., Liu, Xun and Pickett, J. A. 1986. Field performance of synthetic diamondback moth sex pheromones.

Computer mapping in the Rothamsted Insect Survey.

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Woiwod, I. P. 1986. Computer mapping in the Rothamsted Insect Survey.

The Rothamsted Insect Survey : forecasting aphids and the diseases they transmit.

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Tatchell, G. M. 1986. The Rothamsted Insect Survey : forecasting aphids and the diseases they transmit.

Prediction of optimum spraying dates against pea moth, cydia-nigricana (f), using pheromone traps and temperature-measurements

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Macaulay, E. D. M., Etheridge, P., Garthwaite, D. G., Greenway, A. R., Wall, C. and Goodchild, R. E. 1985. Prediction of optimum spraying dates against pea moth, cydia-nigricana (f), using pheromone traps and temperature-measurements. Crop Protection. 4 (1), pp. 85-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/0261-2194(85)90008-0

Aphid-control advice to farmers and the use of aphid-monitoring data

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Tatchell, G. M. 1985. Aphid-control advice to farmers and the use of aphid-monitoring data. Crop Protection. 4, pp. 39-50.

Computer mapping of aphid abundance

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Tatchell, G. M. and Woiwod, I. P. 1984. Computer mapping of aphid abundance. Proceedings of the British Crop Protection Council. pp. 675-683.

A system for the rapid collection, analysis and dissemination of aphid-monitoring data from suction traps

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Woiwod, I. P., Tatchell, G. M. and Barrett, A. M. 1984. A system for the rapid collection, analysis and dissemination of aphid-monitoring data from suction traps. Crop Protection. 3 (3), pp. 273-288. https://doi.org/10.1016/0261-2194(84)90034-6

Propheromones that release pheromonal carbonyl-compounds in light

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Liu, X., Macaulay, E. D. M. and Pickett, J. A. 1984. Propheromones that release pheromonal carbonyl-compounds in light. Journal of Chemical Ecology. 10 (5), pp. 809-822. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00988545

Propheromones - an approach to the slow release of pheromones

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Pickett, J. A., Dawson, G. W., Griffiths, D. C., Xun, L., Macaulay, E. D. M. and Woodcock, C. M. 1984. Propheromones - an approach to the slow release of pheromones. Pesticide Science. 15 (3), pp. 261-264.

A comparison of cereal-aphid migrations over Britain in the summers of 1979 and 1982

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Dewar, A. M., Tatchell, G. M. and Turl, L. A. D. 1984. A comparison of cereal-aphid migrations over Britain in the summers of 1979 and 1982. Crop Protection. 3 (3), pp. 379-389. https://doi.org/10.1016/0261-2194(84)90044-9

Rothamsted Insect Survey. 16th annual summary

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Taylor, L. R., Woiwod, I. P., Macaulay, E. D. M., Dupuch, M. J. and Nicklen, J. 1984. Rothamsted Insect Survey. 16th annual summary. Rothamsted Experimental Station Report. 2, pp. 285-315.

Synoptic monitoring for migrant insect pests in Great Britain and Western Europe VI: revised nomenclature for aphids and moths, analytical tables for spatial and temporalspecies parameters and light trap sampling site distributions

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Taylor, L. R., Woiwod, I. P., Harrington, R., Nicklen, J. and Dupuch, M. J. 1984. Synoptic monitoring for migrant insect pests in Great Britain and Western Europe VI: revised nomenclature for aphids and moths, analytical tables for spatial and temporalspecies parameters and light trap sampling site distributions. Rothamsted Experimental Station Report. 2, pp. 251-276.

Behavioral dynamics

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Taylor, L. R., Taylor, R. A. J., Woiwod, I. P. and Perry, J. N. 1983. Behavioral dynamics. Nature. 303 (5920), pp. 801-804. https://doi.org/10.1038/303801a0

Associations between weather factors and the spring migration of the damson-hop aphid, phorodon-humuli

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Thomas, G. G., Goldwin, G. K. and Tatchell, G. M. 1983. Associations between weather factors and the spring migration of the damson-hop aphid, phorodon-humuli. Annals of Applied Biology - AAB. 102 (1), pp. 7-17. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.1983.tb02661.x

Aphid monitoring and forecasting as an aid to decision-making

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Tatchell, G. M. 1982. Aphid monitoring and forecasting as an aid to decision-making. Monographs - British Crop Protection Council (BCPC). 25, pp. 99-112.

Comparative synoptic dynamics .1. Relationships between interspecific and intraspecific spatial and temporal variance mean population parameters

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Taylor, L. R. and Woiwod, I. P. 1982. Comparative synoptic dynamics .1. Relationships between interspecific and intraspecific spatial and temporal variance mean population parameters. Journal of Animal Ecology. 51 (3), pp. 879-906. https://doi.org/10.2307/4012

The use of egg counts and suction trap samples to forecast the infestation of spring-sown field beans, vicia-faba, by the black bean aphid, aphis-fabae

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Way, M. J., Cammell, M. E., Taylor, L. R. and Woiwod, I. P. 1981. The use of egg counts and suction trap samples to forecast the infestation of spring-sown field beans, vicia-faba, by the black bean aphid, aphis-fabae. Annals of Applied Biology - AAB. 98 (1), pp. 21-34. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.1981.tb00419.x

Phenological and geographical relationships between catches of pea moth in sex-attractant traps

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Perry, J. N., Macaulay, E. D. M. and Emmett, B. J. 1981. Phenological and geographical relationships between catches of pea moth in sex-attractant traps. Annals of Applied Biology - AAB. 97 (1), pp. 17-26. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.1981.tb02990.x

Variance and the large-scale spatial stability of aphids, moths and birds

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Taylor, L. R., Woiwod, I. P. and Perry, J. N. 1980. Variance and the large-scale spatial stability of aphids, moths and birds. Journal of Animal Ecology. 49 (3), pp. 831-854. https://doi.org/10.2307/4230

Temporal stability as a density-dependent species characteristic

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Taylor, L. R. and Woiwod, I. P. 1980. Temporal stability as a density-dependent species characteristic. Journal of Animal Ecology. 49 (1), pp. 209-224. https://doi.org/10.2307/4285

Aerial migrations of the rose-grain aphid, metopolophium-dirhodum (wlk), over Europe in 1979

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Dewar, A. M., Woiwod, I. P. and Dejanvry, E. C. 1980. Aerial migrations of the rose-grain aphid, metopolophium-dirhodum (wlk), over Europe in 1979. Plant Pathology. 29 (3), pp. 101-109. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1980.tb01192.x

Negative binomial as a dynamic ecological model for aggregation, and the density dependence of k

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Taylor, L. R., Woiwod, I. P. and Perry, J. N. 1979. Negative binomial as a dynamic ecological model for aggregation, and the density dependence of k. Journal of Animal Ecology. 48 (1), pp. 289-304. https://doi.org/10.2307/4114

Migratory ambit of the hop aphid and its significance in aphid population-dynamics

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Taylor, L. R., Woiwod, I. P. and Taylor, R. A. J. 1979. Migratory ambit of the hop aphid and its significance in aphid population-dynamics. Journal of Animal Ecology. 48 (3), pp. 955-972. https://doi.org/10.2307/4207

Life histories and distribution of British Trichoptera, excluding Limnephilidae and Hydroptilidae, based on the Rothamsted Insect Survey

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Fisher, D., Woiwod, I. P. and Crichton, M. I. 1978. Life histories and distribution of British Trichoptera, excluding Limnephilidae and Hydroptilidae, based on the Rothamsted Insect Survey. Holarctic Ecology. 1 (1), pp. 31-45. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0587.1978.tb00936.x

Density-dependence of spatial behavior and rarity of randomness

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Taylor, L. R., Woiwod, I. P. and Perry, J. N. 1978. Density-dependence of spatial behavior and rarity of randomness. Journal of Animal Ecology. 47 (2), pp. 383-406. https://doi.org/10.2307/3790

Attractant traps for monitoring pea moth, cydia-nigricana (fabr)

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Macaulay, E. D. M. and Lewis , T. 1977. Attractant traps for monitoring pea moth, cydia-nigricana (fabr). Ecological Entomology. 2 (4), pp. 279-284. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.1977.tb00892.x

Pea moth: sex attractants for early warning and control

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Greenway, A. R., Lewis , T., Macaulay, E. D. M., Sturgeon, D. M. and Wall, C. 1976. Pea moth: sex attractants for early warning and control. ARC Research Review. 2 (3), pp. 80-83.

Towards rational design and elevation of pheromone traps

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Lewis , T. and Macaulay, E. D. M. 1976. Towards rational design and elevation of pheromone traps. Pesticide Science. 7 (6), pp. 634-635. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.2780070616

Diversity statistics and log-series model

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Taylor, L. R., Kempton, R. A. and Woiwod, I. P. 1976. Diversity statistics and log-series model. Journal of Animal Ecology. 45 (1), pp. 255-272. https://doi.org/10.2307/3778

Design and elevation of sex attractant traps for pea moth, cydia-nigricana (steph) and effect of plume shape on catches

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Lewis , T. and Macaulay, E. D. M. 1976. Design and elevation of sex attractant traps for pea moth, cydia-nigricana (steph) and effect of plume shape on catches. Ecological Entomology. 1 (3), pp. 175-187. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.1976.tb01221.x

Competition and species abundance

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Taylor, L. R. and Woiwod, I. P. 1975. Competition and species abundance. Nature. 257 (5522), pp. 160-161. https://doi.org/10.1038/257160b0

Behavioral basis of a pheromone monitoring-system for pea moth, cydia-nigricana

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Lewis , T., Wall, C., Macaulay, E. D. M. and Greenway, A. R. 1975. Behavioral basis of a pheromone monitoring-system for pea moth, cydia-nigricana. Annals of Applied Biology - AAB. 80 (3), pp. 257-274. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.1975.tb01632.x

Lipid storage in pre-imago and young-adult plusia-gamma

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Macaulay, E. D. M. 1974. Lipid storage in pre-imago and young-adult plusia-gamma. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata. 17 (1), pp. 53-60. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.1974.tb00317.x

Tocopherol egg production and migration by plusia-gamma

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Macaulay, E. D. M. 1973. Tocopherol egg production and migration by plusia-gamma. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata. 16 (1), pp. 48-52. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.1973.tb00246.x

Low-altitude migration and diurnal flight periodicity - importance of plusia-gamma-l (lepidoptera-plusiidae)

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Taylor, L. R., French, R. A. and Macaulay, E. D. M. 1973. Low-altitude migration and diurnal flight periodicity - importance of plusia-gamma-l (lepidoptera-plusiidae). Journal of Animal Ecology. 42 (3), pp. 751-760. https://doi.org/10.2307/3135

A simple insect flight recorder

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Macaulay, E. D. M. 1972. A simple insect flight recorder. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata. 15 (2), pp. 252-254. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.1972.tb00205.x

Flight activity of Plusia Gamma in the laboratory

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Macaulay, E. D. M. 1972. Flight activity of Plusia Gamma in the laboratory. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata. 15 (3), pp. 387-391. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.1972.tb00223.x

Device for controlling humidity in small insect rearing chambers.

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Macaulay, E. D. M. 1969. Device for controlling humidity in small insect rearing chambers. Laboratory Practice. 18 (6), p. 652.

Cannibalism and predation by aphids

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Banks, C. J., Macaulay, E. D. M. and Holman, J. 1968. Cannibalism and predation by aphids. Nature. 218, p. 491. https://doi.org/10.1038/218491a0

Effects of Aphis fabae Scop, and of its attendant ants and insect predators on yields of field beans (Vicia faba L.)

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Banks, C. J. and Macaulay, E. D. M. 1967. Effects of Aphis fabae Scop, and of its attendant ants and insect predators on yields of field beans (Vicia faba L.). Annals of Applied Biology - AAB. 60 (3), pp. 445-453. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.1967.tb04499.x

The ingestion of nitrogen and solid matter from Vicia faba by Aphis fabae Scop

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Banks, C. J. and Macaulay, E. D. M. 1965. The ingestion of nitrogen and solid matter from Vicia faba by Aphis fabae Scop. Annals of Applied Biology - AAB. 55 (2), pp. 207-218. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.1965.tb07934.x

The feeding, growth and reproduction of Aphis fabae Scop. on Viciu fuba under experimental conditions

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Banks, C. J. and Macaulay, E. D. M. 1964. The feeding, growth and reproduction of Aphis fabae Scop. on Viciu fuba under experimental conditions. Annals of Applied Biology - AAB. 53 (2), pp. 229-242. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.1964.tb03797.x