How cows graze

Gibb, M. J. and Rutter, S. M. 1996. How cows graze. Young, Stephen (ed.) IGER Annual Report 1995/96. Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, IGER, Aberystwyth. pp. 62

Related outputs

The sustainable development of grassland-livestock systems on the Tibetan plateau: problems, strategies and prospects

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Shang, Z. H., Gibb, M. J., Leiber, F., Ismail, M., Ding, L. M., Guo, X. S. and Long, R. J. 2014. The sustainable development of grassland-livestock systems on the Tibetan plateau: problems, strategies and prospects. Rangeland Journal. 36 (3), pp. 267-296. https://doi.org/10.1071/rj14008

Seasonal heat production and energy balance of grazing yaks on the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Ding, L. M., Wang, Y. P., Brosh, A., Chen, J. Q., Gibb, M. J., Shang, Z. H., Guo, X. S., Mi, J. D., Zhou, J. W., Wang, H. C., Qiu, Q. and Long, R. J. 2014. Seasonal heat production and energy balance of grazing yaks on the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 198, pp. 83-93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2014.09.022

Effects of livestock breed and rearing experience on foraging behaviour of yearling beef cattle grazing unimproved grasslands

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Orr, R. J., Tallowin, J. R. B., Griffith, B. A. and Rutter, S. M. 2014. Effects of livestock breed and rearing experience on foraging behaviour of yearling beef cattle grazing unimproved grasslands. Grass and Forage Science. 69 (1), pp. 90-103. https://doi.org/10.1111/gfs.12030

Foraging paths through vegetation patches for beef cattle in semi-natural pastures

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Orr, R. J., Tozer, K. N., Griffith, B. A., Champion, R. A., Cook, J. E. and Rutter, S. M. 2012. Foraging paths through vegetation patches for beef cattle in semi-natural pastures. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 141 (1-2), pp. 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2012.07.003

Effect of breed, season and pasture moisture gradient on foraging behaviour in cattle on semi-natural grasslands

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Hessle, A., Rutter, S. M. and Wallin, K. 2008. Effect of breed, season and pasture moisture gradient on foraging behaviour in cattle on semi-natural grasslands. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 111, pp. 108-119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2007.05.017

Evaluation of the effect of eprinomectin in young dairy heifers sub-clinically infected with gastrointestinal nematodes on grazing behaviour and diet selection

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Forbes, A. B., Huckle, C. A. and Gibb, M. J. 2007. Evaluation of the effect of eprinomectin in young dairy heifers sub-clinically infected with gastrointestinal nematodes on grazing behaviour and diet selection. Veterinary Parasitology. 150 (4), pp. 321-332. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2007.09.031

Effect of structure of a tropical pasture on ingestive behaviour, digestibility of diet and daily intake by grazing cattle

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Boval, M., Fanchone, A., Archimede, H. and Gibb, M. J. 2007. Effect of structure of a tropical pasture on ingestive behaviour, digestibility of diet and daily intake by grazing cattle. Grass and Forage Science. 62 (1), pp. 44-54. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.2007.00560.x

Impacts of spatial patterns in pasture on animal grazing behaviour, intake and performance

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Chapman, D. F., Parsons, A. J., Cosgrove, G. P., Barker, D. J., Marotti, D. M., Venning, K. J., Rutter, S. M., Hill, J. and Thompson, A. N. 2007. Impacts of spatial patterns in pasture on animal grazing behaviour, intake and performance. Crop Science. 47 (1), pp. 399-415. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2006.01.0036

Effect of supplementary lighting on eating behaviour by corralled swamp buffalo (Bubalus bubalis ) heifers in Thailand

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Somparn, P., Gibb, M. J., Markvichitr, K., Chaiyabutr, N., Thummabood, S. and Vajrabukka, C. 2007. Effect of supplementary lighting on eating behaviour by corralled swamp buffalo (Bubalus bubalis ) heifers in Thailand. Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology. 29 (2), pp. 399-411.

Animal welfare at grazing

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Rutter, S. M. 2006. Animal welfare at grazing. Grass And Forage Farmer. (Summer), p. p10.

Using GPS animal tracking and vegetation mapping to estimate diet selection in cattle grazing semi-improved pastures

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Rutter, S. M., Griffith, B. A., Cook, J. E. and Champion, R. A. 2006. Using GPS animal tracking and vegetation mapping to estimate diet selection in cattle grazing semi-improved pastures. 40th International Congress of the International Society for Applied Ethology, Bristol, 8-12 August 2006.

Classifying cattle jaw movements: Comparing IGER Behaviour Recorder and acoustic techniques

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Ungar, E. D. and Rutter, S. M. 2006. Classifying cattle jaw movements: Comparing IGER Behaviour Recorder and acoustic techniques. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 98 (1-2), pp. 11-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2005.08.011

Diet preference for grass and legumes in free-ranging domestic sheep and cattle: current theory and future application

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Rutter, S. M. 2006. Diet preference for grass and legumes in free-ranging domestic sheep and cattle: current theory and future application. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 97 (1), pp. 17-35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2005.11.016

Impact of grazing management on botanical diversity of grasslands

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Tallowin, J. R. B., Rook, A. J. and Rutter, S. M. 2005. Impact of grazing management on botanical diversity of grasslands. Animal Science. 81 (2), pp. 193-198. https://doi.org/10.1079/ASC50780193

Improving the efficiency of utilisation of grass and legumes by grazing cattle and sheep

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Rutter, S. M. 2005. Improving the efficiency of utilisation of grass and legumes by grazing cattle and sheep.

Effects of sequential treatments with eprinomectin on performance and grazing behaviour in dairy cattle under daily-paddock stocking management

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Gibb, M. J., Huckle, C. A. and Forbes, A. B. 2005. Effects of sequential treatments with eprinomectin on performance and grazing behaviour in dairy cattle under daily-paddock stocking management. Veterinary Parasitology. 133 (1), pp. 79-90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2004.11.038

Behavioural and community ecology: understanding mechanisms driving biodiversity in pasture-based systems

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Rook, A. J., Tallowin, J. R. B., Rutter, S. M., Orr, R. J., Hopkins, A. and Gibb, M. J. 2005. Behavioural and community ecology: understanding mechanisms driving biodiversity in pasture-based systems. IGER Innovations. 9, pp. 54-57.

A note on using electronic identification technology to measure the motivation of sheep to obtain resources at pasture

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Champion, R. A., Cook, J. E., Rook, A. J. and Rutter, S. M. 2005. A note on using electronic identification technology to measure the motivation of sheep to obtain resources at pasture. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 95 (1-2), pp. 79-87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2005.02.009

Impact of grazing management on botanical diversity of grasslands

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Tallowin, J. R. B., Rook, A. J. and Rutter, S. M. 2005. Impact of grazing management on botanical diversity of grasslands. Proceedings of British Society of Animal Science Annual Conference, York, 3-6 April 2005. pp. p244

The use of sub-metre GPS for the precise recording of the foraging behaviour of cattle

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Rutter, S. M., Rogers, A., Champion, R. A., Cook, J. E. and Matthews, L. R. 2005. The use of sub-metre GPS for the precise recording of the foraging behaviour of cattle. 39th International Congress of the ISAE, Sagamihara, Japan, 20-24 August, 2005.

Spatial scale of heterogeneity affects diet choice but not intake in beef cattle

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Rutter, S. M., Cook, J. E., Young, K. L. and Champion, R. A. 2005. Spatial scale of heterogeneity affects diet choice but not intake in beef cattle. Murphy, J. J. (ed.) International Grassland Congress Satellite Workshop, Cork, 3-6 July 2005.

Intake characteristics of perennial ryegrass varieties when grazed by yearling beef cattle under rotational grazing management

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Orr, R. J., Cook, J. E., Young, K. L., Champion, R. A. and Rutter, S. M. 2005. Intake characteristics of perennial ryegrass varieties when grazed by yearling beef cattle under rotational grazing management. Grass and Forage Science. 60 (2), pp. 157-167. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.2005.00463.x

Influence of sward height on diet selection by horses

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Naujeck, A., Hill, J. and Gibb, M. J. 2005. Influence of sward height on diet selection by horses. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 90 (1), pp. 49-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2004.08.001

Pasture characteristics and animal performance

B - Book chapters etc edited externally

Chilibroste, P., Gibb, M. J. and Tamminga, S. 2005. Pasture characteristics and animal performance. in: Dijkstra, J., Forbes, J. M. and France, J. (ed.) Quantitative Aspects of Ruminant Digestion and Metabolism - 2nd ed. CABI International, Wallingford, Oxon (CABI). pp. 681-706

Developments in grazing studies [Novedades en el estudio del pastoreo]

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Gibb, M. J. 2004. Developments in grazing studies [Novedades en el estudio del pastoreo]. 27th Congress of the Argentinean Association of Animal Production [27o Congreso Argentino de Producion Animal], Tandil, Argentina, 20-22 October 2004.

Effect of allowance and timing of grazing session on dairy cows grazing permanent pasture

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Mattiauda, D. A., Tamminga, S., Elizondo, F., Gibb, M. J. and Chilibroste, P. 2004. Effect of allowance and timing of grazing session on dairy cows grazing permanent pasture. International Symposium on Grassland Ecophysiology and Grazing Ecology, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil, 24-26 August 1999.

Diet preference of lactating sarda ewes for annual ryegrass and sulla

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Rutter, S. M., Molle, G., Decandia, M. and Giovanett, V. 2004. Diet preference of lactating sarda ewes for annual ryegrass and sulla. Proceedings COST 852 Workshop on Adaptation and Managment of Forage Legumes: Strategies for Improved Reliability in Mixed Swards, Ystad, Sweden, 20-22 September 2004.

Focus on IGER North Wyke

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Rutter, S. M. and Orr, R. J. 2004. Focus on IGER North Wyke. Grass Farmer . Autumn, pp. 4-6.

Ingestive behaviour

B - Book chapters etc edited externally

Rutter, S. M. 2004. Ingestive behaviour. in: Penning, P. D. (ed.) Herbage Intake Handbook - 2nd ed British Grassland Society (BGS) Hurley. pp. 151-175

Bite dimensions and grazing movements by sheep and cattle grazing homogeneous perennial ryegrass swards

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Rook, A. J., Harvey, A., Parsons, A. J., Orr, R. J. and Rutter, S. M. 2004. Bite dimensions and grazing movements by sheep and cattle grazing homogeneous perennial ryegrass swards . Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 88 (3-4), pp. 227-242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2004.03.006

Diet preference in free-ranging ruminants: Current theory and future application

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Rutter, S. M. 2004. Diet preference in free-ranging ruminants: Current theory and future application. Plenary paper: 38th Inernational Congress of the International Society of Applied Ethology, Helsinki, Finland, 3-7 August 2004.

Impact of eprinomectin on grazing behaviour and performance in dairy cattle with sub-clinical gastrointestinal nematode infections under continuous stocking management

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Forbes, A. B., Huckle, C. A. and Gibb, M. J. 2004. Impact of eprinomectin on grazing behaviour and performance in dairy cattle with sub-clinical gastrointestinal nematode infections under continuous stocking management. Veterinary Parasitology. 125 (3-4), pp. 353-364. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2004.07.025

Foraging behaviour of sheep rotationally grazing annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum Gaudin)

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Molle, G., Decandia, M., Sitzia, M., Cabiddu, A., Fois, N., Ligios, S., Giovanetti, V. and Rutter, S. M. 2004. Foraging behaviour of sheep rotationally grazing annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum Gaudin). Luscher, A., Jeangros, B., Kessler, W., Huguenin, O., Lobsiger, M., Millar, N. and Suter, D. (ed.) Land use systems on grassland dominated regions. European Grassland Federation (EGF) 20th General Meeting, Luzern, Switzerland, 21-24 June 2004.

The effect of the spatial scale of heterogeneity of two herbage species on the grazing behaviour of lactating sheep

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Champion, R. A., Orr, R. J., Penning, P. D. and Rutter, S. M. 2004. The effect of the spatial scale of heterogeneity of two herbage species on the grazing behaviour of lactating sheep. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 88 (1-2), pp. 61-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2004.02.011

Analysis of climatic risk for cattle and buffalo production in North East Thailand

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Somparn, P., Gibb, M. J., Markvichitr, K., Chaiyabutr, N., Thummabood, S. and Vajrabukka, C. 2004. Analysis of climatic risk for cattle and buffalo production in North East Thailand. International Journal Of Biometeorology. 49 (1), pp. 59-64. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-004-0206-6

Dietary preference of dairy cows grazing ryegrass and white clover.

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Rutter, S. M., Orr, R. J., Yarrow, N. H. and Champion, R. A. 2004. Dietary preference of dairy cows grazing ryegrass and white clover. Journal of Dairy Science. 87 (5), pp. 1317-1324. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(04)73281-6

Changes in ingestive behaviour of yearling dairy heifers due to changes in sward state during grazing down of rotationally-stocked ryegrass or white clover pastures

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Orr, R. J., Rutter, S. M., Yarrow, N. H., Champion, R. A. and Rook, A. J. 2004. Changes in ingestive behaviour of yearling dairy heifers due to changes in sward state during grazing down of rotationally-stocked ryegrass or white clover pastures . Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 87 (3-4), pp. 205-222. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2004.01.009

Dietary preference of dairy heifers grazing ryegrass and white clover, with and without an anti-bloat treatment

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Rutter, S. M., Orr, J. R., Yarrow, N. H. and Champion, R. A. 2004. Dietary preference of dairy heifers grazing ryegrass and white clover, with and without an anti-bloat treatment. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 85 (1-2), pp. 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2003.09.005

Is diet selection of horses influenced by sward height?

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Naujeck, A., Hill, J. and Gibb, M. J. 2003. Is diet selection of horses influenced by sward height? Tropical and Subtropical Agroecosystems. 3, pp. 407-410.

Effect of a restricted grazing session allocation on the ingestive behaviour of grazing dairy cows

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Mattiauda, D. A., Tamminga, S., Elizondo, F., Gibb, M. J. and Chilibroste, P. 2003. Effect of a restricted grazing session allocation on the ingestive behaviour of grazing dairy cows. IX World Conference on Animal Production, World Association for Animal Production, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil, 26-31 October 2003.

Diet selection by horses on paddocks with four different sward heights

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Naujeck, A., Hill, J. and Gibb, M. J. 2003. Diet selection by horses on paddocks with four different sward heights. van der Honing, Y. (ed.) 54th Annual meeting of the European Association for Animal Production Roma, Italy, 31 August-3 September, 2003.

Behavioural mechanisms underlying production responses in dairy cows treated with eprinomectin

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Forbes, A. B., Huckle, C. A. and Gibb, M. J. 2003. Behavioural mechanisms underlying production responses in dairy cows treated with eprinomectin. Old Dreams - New Visions: Veterinary Parasitology in the 21st Century. Abstracts 19th International Conference of the World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology, New Orleans, USA, 10-14 August 2003.

Improving the efficiency of utilisation of grass and legumes by grazing cattle and sheep

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Rutter, S. M. 2003. Improving the efficiency of utilisation of grass and legumes by grazing cattle and sheep.

Quantifying the damage wild deer cause to agricultural crops and pastures

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Rutter, S. M. 2003. Quantifying the damage wild deer cause to agricultural crops and pastures.

Use of an operant method to study preference for perennial ryegrass or white clover by sheep

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Rook, A. J., Cook, J. E., Champion, R. A., Young, K. L. and Rutter, S. M. 2003. Use of an operant method to study preference for perennial ryegrass or white clover by sheep. Ferrante, V. (ed.) Proceedings 37th International Congress of the International Society for Applied Ethology, Abano Terme, Italy, 24-28 June 2003.

Quantifying the damage wild deer cause to agricultural crops

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Langbein, J. and Rutter, S. M. 2003. Quantifying the damage wild deer cause to agricultural crops. Goldberg, E. (ed.) Proceedings of the Future for Deer Conference, Buxton, Derbyshire, 28-29 March 2003.

Strip grazing separate white clover and ryegrass monocultures increases daily intake and milk yield in dairy cows

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Rutter, S. M., Young, K. L., Cook, J. E. and Champion, R. A. 2003. Strip grazing separate white clover and ryegrass monocultures increases daily intake and milk yield in dairy cows. Tropical and Subtropical Agroecosystems. 3, pp. 461-465.

Bites and chews in sheep: acoustic versus automatic recording

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Rutter, S. M., Ungar, E. D., Molle, G. and Decandia, M. 2002. Bites and chews in sheep: acoustic versus automatic recording. Abstract Proceedings European Intake Workshop X, Reykjavik, Iceland, 22-24 August 2002.

Intake and dietary choices by grazing ruminants, effects of time of day and water soluble carbohydrate content in forage

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Rook, A. J., Orr, R. J., Rutter, S. M. and Moorby, J. M. 2002. Intake and dietary choices by grazing ruminants, effects of time of day and water soluble carbohydrate content in forage. American Society of Agronomy Annual Meeting, Indianapolis, Nov 11-14 2002.

Daily yields increase with mixed diet of pure swards

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Rutter, S. M. 2002. Daily yields increase with mixed diet of pure swards. Farmers Weekly. 11 October, p. 38.

The development and use of techniques for investigating intake and ingestive behaviour during grazing

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Gibb, M. J. and Penning, P. D. 2002. The development and use of techniques for investigating intake and ingestive behaviour during grazing. Invited Review. Proceedings 10th European Intake Workshop, Reykjavik, Iceland, 22-24 August 2002.

Alterations in grazing behaviour in cattle infected subclinically with parasitic gastrointestinal worms

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Forbes, A. B., Huckle, C. A., Gibb, M. J. and Rook, A. J. 2002. Alterations in grazing behaviour in cattle infected subclinically with parasitic gastrointestinal worms. Abstract World Buiatrics Conference XXII, Hanover, August 2002. pp. Abstr. 491-339

Effect of type of supplement offered out of parlour on grazing behaviour and performance by lactating dairy cows grazing continuously stocked grass swards

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Gibb, M. J., Huckle, C. A. and Nuthall, R. 2002. Effect of type of supplement offered out of parlour on grazing behaviour and performance by lactating dairy cows grazing continuously stocked grass swards. Animal Science. 75 (1), pp. 153-167. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1357729800052930

The effect of a total solar eclipse on the grazing behaviour of dairy cattle

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Rutter, S. M., Tainton, V., Champion, R. A. and Le Grice, P. 2002. The effect of a total solar eclipse on the grazing behaviour of dairy cattle. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 79 (4), pp. 273-283.

Behaviour of sheep and goats

B - Book chapters etc edited externally

Rutter, S. M. 2002. Behaviour of sheep and goats. in: Jensen, P. (ed.) Ethology of domestic animals - an introductory text CABI International, Wallingford, Oxon (CABI). pp. 145-158

Ingestive behaviour of heifers grazing monocultures of ryegrass or white clover

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Rutter, S. M., Orr, R. J., Penning, P. D., Yarrow, N. H. and Champion, R. A. 2002. Ingestive behaviour of heifers grazing monocultures of ryegrass or white clover. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 76 (1), pp. 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1591(01)00205-2

Effects of level of concentrate supplementation on grazing behaviour and performance by lactating dairy cows grazing continuously stocked grass swards

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Gibb, M. J., Huckle, C. A. and Nuthall, R. 2002. Effects of level of concentrate supplementation on grazing behaviour and performance by lactating dairy cows grazing continuously stocked grass swards. Animal Science. 74 (2), pp. 319-335. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1357729800052486

Opportunities for enhancing the delivery of novel forage attributes

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Cosgrove, G. P., Parsons, A. J., Marotti, D. M., Rutter, S. M. and Chapman, D. F. 2001. Opportunities for enhancing the delivery of novel forage attributes. Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production, Lincoln, New Zealand, 25-29 June 2001.

Ingestive behaviour and management of animals at pasture

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Gibb, M. J., Orr, R. J., Rutter, S. M. and Huckle, C. A. 2001. Ingestive behaviour and management of animals at pasture. Wade, M. H. (ed.) Manejo del Pastoreo. Meeting of the Argentinean Association of Animal Production, Universidad Nacional de Lujan, Argentina, November 2001.

The effect of the anthelmintic Eprinomectin on milk production, grazing behaviour and intake by spring-calving dairy cows

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Huckle, C. A., Forbes, A. B., Gibb, M. J. and Rook, A. J. 2001. The effect of the anthelmintic Eprinomectin on milk production, grazing behaviour and intake by spring-calving dairy cows. Abstract British Grassland Society Winter Meeting, The Right Mix: blending science and practice in dairying, Great Malvern, 19-20 November 2001. British Grassland Society (BGS) Hurley. pp. unpaginated

Benefits from mixed grazing

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Rutter, S. M. 2001. Benefits from mixed grazing. British Dairying. 8 (2), p. p11.

Cows `in clover'

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Rutter, S. M. 2001. Cows `in clover'.

Maximising the use of grazed herbage in dairy cows

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Rutter, S. M. 2001. Maximising the use of grazed herbage in dairy cows. Agricultural Supply Industry. 31 (40), p. p3.

Nutritional and grazing management of the dairy cow

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Dewhurst, R. J., Rutter, S. M. and Rook, A. J. 2001. Nutritional and grazing management of the dairy cow. Wathes, C. R., Frost, A. R., Gordon, F. and Wood, J. D. (ed.) Integrated Management Systems for Livestock. Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science (BSAS) / International Society of Applied Ethology (ISAE) Joint Conference, Cambridge, 11-12 September 2001, BSAS Occasional Publication No. 28. pp. 71-76

Preference for grass and clover by dairy cattle: is free choice important?

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Rutter, S. M., Nuthall, R., Champion, R. A., Orr, R. J. and Rook, A. J. 2001. Preference for grass and clover by dairy cattle: is free choice important? Garner, J. P., Mench, J. A. and Heekin, S. P. (ed.) 35th International Congress of the International Society for Applied Ethology (ISAE), Davis, California, USA, 4-8 August 2001. pp. 039

Intake rate during meals and meal duration for sheep in different hunger states, grazing grass or white clover swards

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Orr, R. J., Penning, P. D., Rutter, S. M., Champion, R. A., Harvey, A. and Rook, A. J. 2001. Intake rate during meals and meal duration for sheep in different hunger states, grazing grass or white clover swards. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 75, pp. 33-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1591(01)00176-9

Effects of abomasal infusion of long chain fatty acids on intake, feeding behaviour and milk production in dairy cows

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Benson, J. A., Reynolds, C. K., Humphries, D. J., Rutter, S. M. and Beever, D. E. 2001. Effects of abomasal infusion of long chain fatty acids on intake, feeding behaviour and milk production in dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science. 84 (5), pp. 1182-1191. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(01)74579-1

Matching grass supply to grazing patterns for dairy cows

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Orr, R. J., Rutter, S. M., Penning, P. D. and Rook, A. J. 2001. Matching grass supply to grazing patterns for dairy cows. Grass and Forage Science. 56 (4), pp. 352-361. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2494.2001.00284.x

Ingestive behaviour patterns of dairy cows using out-of-parlour concentrate feeders at pasture

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Rook, A. J., Nuthall, R., Huckle, C. A. and Gibb, M. J. 2000. Ingestive behaviour patterns of dairy cows using out-of-parlour concentrate feeders at pasture. Ramos, A., Filho, L. C. P. M. and Hotzel, M. J. (ed.) Proceedings of the 34th International Congress of the International Society of Applied Ethology (ISAE), Florianopolis, Brazil, 17-20 October 2000. pp. 189

The effect of gastrotestinal parasitism on the preference of cattle grazing grass or clover

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Huckle, C. A., Forbes, A. B., Gibb, M. J. and Rook, A. J. 2000. The effect of gastrotestinal parasitism on the preference of cattle grazing grass or clover. Proceedings 6th British Grassland Society Research Meeting, Aberdeen, 11-13 September 2000. pp. 69-70

Updates to the Graze program: movement analysis and compatibility with "The Observer"

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Champion, R. A. and Rutter, S. M. 2000. Updates to the Graze program: movement analysis and compatibility with "The Observer". 3rd International Conference on Methods and Techniques in Behavioral Research, Nijmegen, August 2000. pp. 39-41

Effects of parasitic nematodes on grazing behaviour in young calves

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Forbes, A. B., Huckle, C. A., Gibb, M. J., Rook, A. J. and Nuthall, R. 2000. Effects of parasitic nematodes on grazing behaviour in young calves. Merial Technical Report Card. 2, p. p2.

Effect of nematode infection on grazing behaviour and intake by young calves

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Huckle, C. A., Gibb, M. J., Rook, A. J., Forbes, A. B. and Nuthall, R. 2000. Effect of nematode infection on grazing behaviour and intake by young calves. Merial Technical Report Card. 1, p. p1.

Monoculture swards might boost yields

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Rutter, S. M. 2000. Monoculture swards might boost yields. Farmers Weekly. 132 ((10), 10 March), p. p38.

Effect of nematode infection on grazing behaviour and intake by young calves

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Huckle, C. A., Gibb, M. J., Forbes, A. B. and Nuthall, R. 2000. Effect of nematode infection on grazing behaviour and intake by young calves. Rook, A. J. and Penning, P. D. (ed.) Grazing Management: the Principles and Practice of Grazing, for Profit and Environmental Gain, within Temperate Grassland Systems. British Grassland Society Occasional Symposium, 34, Harrogate, 29 February - 2 March 2000. British Grassland Society (BGS) Hurley. pp. 103-104

Effect of temporal pattern of supplementation on grazing behaviour and herbage intake by dairy cows

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Gibb, M. J., Huckle, C. A. and Nuthall, R. 2000. Effect of temporal pattern of supplementation on grazing behaviour and herbage intake by dairy cows. Rook, A. J. and Penning, P. D. (ed.) Grazing Management: the Principles and Practice of Grazing, for Profit and Environmental Gain, within Temperate Grassland Systems. British Grassland Society Occasional Symposium, 34, Harrogate, 29 February - 2 March 2000. British Grassland Society (BGS) Hurley. pp. 91-96

Ingestive behaviour of dairy heifers grazing grass or white clover swards under rotational stocking management

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Orr, R. J., Rutter, S. M., Penning, P. D., Yarrow, N. H., Champion, R. A. and Rook, A. J. 2000. Ingestive behaviour of dairy heifers grazing grass or white clover swards under rotational stocking management. Proceedings 6th British Grassland Society Research Conference, Aberdeen, 11-13 September 2000. pp. 41-42

Milk production by dairy cows grazing mixed swards or adjacent monocultures of grass and white clover

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Nuthall, R., Rutter, S. M. and Rook, A. J. 2000. Milk production by dairy cows grazing mixed swards or adjacent monocultures of grass and white clover. Proceedings 6th British Grassland Society Research Conference, Aberdeen, 11-13 September 2000. pp. 117-118

Duration of regrowth of ryegrass (Lolium perenne ) effects on grazing behaviour, intake, rumen fill, and fermentation of lactating dairy cows.

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Chilibroste, P., Tamminga, S., Boer, H., Gibb, M. J. and Dikken, G. den 2000. Duration of regrowth of ryegrass (Lolium perenne ) effects on grazing behaviour, intake, rumen fill, and fermentation of lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science. 83 (5), pp. 984-995. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(00)74963-0

The behaviour of cows following a total solar eclipse: shedding new light on the control of diurnal patterns of grazing behaviour

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Rutter, S. M., Tainton, V., Champion, R. A., Eddison, J. C. and LeGrice, P. 2000. The behaviour of cows following a total solar eclipse: shedding new light on the control of diurnal patterns of grazing behaviour. Ramos, A., Filho, L. C. P. M. and Hotzel, M. J. (ed.) 34th International Congress of the International Society of Applied Ethology (ISAE), Florianopolis, Brazil, 17-20 October 2000. pp. 190

Dietary preference for grass and white clover in sheep and cattle: an overview

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Rutter, S. M. and Orr, R. J. 2000. Dietary preference for grass and white clover in sheep and cattle: an overview. Rook, A. J. and Penning, P. D. (ed.) Grazing Management: the Principles and Practice of Grazing, for Profit and Environmental Gain, within Temperate Grassland Systems. British Grassland Society (BGS) Occasional Symposium, 34, Harrogate, 29 February - 2 March 2000. British Grassland Society (BGS) Hurley. pp. 73-78

Effect of the anti bloat agent poloxalene on n-alkane concentration in cattle faeces

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Nuthall, R., Rutter, S. M. and Rook, A. J. 2000. Effect of the anti bloat agent poloxalene on n-alkane concentration in cattle faeces. Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science (BSAS) Annual Meeting, Scarborough, UK, 20-22 March 2000. BSAS. pp. 60

Graze: a program to analyse recordings of the jaw movements of ruminants.

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Rutter, S. M. 2000. Graze: a program to analyse recordings of the jaw movements of ruminants. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments and Computers. 32 (1), pp. 86-92.

Evaluation of the effects of nematode parasitism on grazing behaviour, herbage intake and growth in young grazing cattle

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Forbes, A. B., Huckle, C. A., Gibb, M. J., Rook, A. J. and Nuthall, R. 2000. Evaluation of the effects of nematode parasitism on grazing behaviour, herbage intake and growth in young grazing cattle. Veterinary Parasitology. 90 (1-2), pp. 111-118. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4017(00)00218-1

Cows could prove a scientific theory

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Rutter, S. M. 1999. Cows could prove a scientific theory. Western Morning News (Devon). (7 August), p. 21.

Researchers in the dark on cattle habits

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Rutter, S. M. 1999. Researchers in the dark on cattle habits. Farming News. (30 July / 3 August), p. 1.

Recording ruminant grazing behaviour

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Rutter, S. M. 1999. Recording ruminant grazing behaviour. Livestock Monitoring Conference, Silsoe, Bedford, 10-11 November 1999.

Developments in the use of microcomputer-based mathods for the automatic recording of grazing behaviour

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Rutter, S. M. 1999. Developments in the use of microcomputer-based mathods for the automatic recording of grazing behaviour. Dove, H. and Coleman, S. W. (ed.) Nutritional Ecology of Herbivores Satellite Symposium on Emerging Techniques for Studying the Nutrition of Free Ranging Herbivores, San Antonio, Texas, 10-11 April 1999. pp. 10pp

The effect of gastrointestinal parasitism on grazing behaviour, herbage intake and performance in calves

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Forbes, A. B., Huckle, C. A., Gibb, M. J. and Rook, A. J. 1999. The effect of gastrointestinal parasitism on grazing behaviour, herbage intake and performance in calves. Cattle Practice. 7 (2), pp. 169-172.

The effect of gastrointestinal parasitism on grazing behaviour, herbage intake and performance in calves

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Forbes, A. B., Huckle, C. A., Gibb, M. J. and Rook, A. J. 1999. The effect of gastrointestinal parasitism on grazing behaviour, herbage intake and performance in calves. Abstracts of the Spring Meeting of the British Veterinary Cattle Association, Harper Adams College, Newport, Shropshire, 13-15 April 1999.

Nematode parasitism, herbage intake and grazing behaviour

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Forbes, A. B., Huckle, C. A., Gibb, M. J. and Rook, A. J. 1999. Nematode parasitism, herbage intake and grazing behaviour. Proceedings 53rd Annual Conference of the Association of Veterinary Teachers and Research Workers, Scarborough, 29-31 March 1999.

Eclipse tests grazing theory

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Rutter, S. M. 1999. Eclipse tests grazing theory. Scottish Farmer. (14 August), p. 15.

Best grow grass and clover alone

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Rutter, S. M. 1999. Best grow grass and clover alone. Farmers Weekly. 130 (12 March 1999), p. S4.

The effect of physiological state (lactating or dry) and sward surface height on grazing behaviour and intake by dairy cows

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Gibb, M. J., Huckle, C. A., Nuthall, R. and Rook, A. J. 1999. The effect of physiological state (lactating or dry) and sward surface height on grazing behaviour and intake by dairy cows. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 63 (4), pp. 269-287. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1591(99)00014-3

Matching food supply to animals' natural meal patterns

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Rook, A. J., Gibb, M. J. and Orr, R. J. 1999. Matching food supply to animals' natural meal patterns. Fifth International Symposium on the Nutrition of Herbivores, San Antonio, Texas, USA, 11-16 April 1999.

Long-term dietary preference for grass and clover in dairy cows

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Rutter, S. M., Orr, R. J., Yarrow, N. H., Champion, R. A., Atkinson, L. D. and Cook, J. E. 1999. Long-term dietary preference for grass and clover in dairy cows. Fifth International Symposium on the Nutrition of Herbivores, San Antonio, Texas, USA, 11-16 April 1999.

The effect of journey structure on the welfare of lambs

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Murray, K. C., Eddison, K. C., Cullinane, S. L., Kirk, J. A., Rutter, S. M. and Champion, R. A. 1998. The effect of journey structure on the welfare of lambs. Veissier, I. and Boissy, A. (ed.) Proceedings of the 32nd International Congress of the International Society of Applied Ethology (ISAE), Clermont-Ferrand, France, 21-25 July 1998.

Techniques for Investigating Intake and Ingestive Behavior by Farm Animals. Proceedings of the 9th European Intake Workshop, IGER North Wyke, 18-20 November 1998

E - Books edited/written by staff member, alone/with others

Gibb, M. J. 1998. Techniques for Investigating Intake and Ingestive Behavior by Farm Animals. Proceedings of the 9th European Intake Workshop, IGER North Wyke, 18-20 November 1998. Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, IGER, Aberystwyth.

Recent developments with the IGER behaviour recorder

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Champion, R. A., Rutter, S. M. and Delagarde, R. 1998. Recent developments with the IGER behaviour recorder. Gibb, M. J. (ed.) Techniques for Investigating Intake and Ingestive Behaviour by Farm Animals, Proceedings of the Ninth European Intake Workshop, IGER North Wyke, UK, 18-20 November 1998. Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, IGER, Aberystwyth. pp. 31-34

Movement patterns of sheep and cattle within and between continuous short-term grazing bouts

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Harvey, A., Parsons, A. J., Orr, R. J., Rutter, S. M. and Rook, A. J. 1998. Movement patterns of sheep and cattle within and between continuous short-term grazing bouts. Veissier, I. and Boissy, A. (ed.) Proceedings of the 32nd International Congress of the International Society of Applied Ethology (ISAE), Clermont-Ferrand, France, 21-25 July 1998.

Matching grass supply to grazing patterns for dairy cows under strip-grazing management

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Orr, R. J., Rutter, S. M., Penning, P. D., Yarrow, N. H., Atkinson, L. D. and Champion, R. A. 1998. Matching grass supply to grazing patterns for dairy cows under strip-grazing management. Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science Winter Meeting, Scarborough, UK, 23-25 March 1998. BSAS, Penicuik, UK. pp. 49

Management of perennial ryegrass/white clover swards continuously stocked with cattle

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Gibb, M. J. 1998. Management of perennial ryegrass/white clover swards continuously stocked with cattle. Mole Valley Feeds 'Beef and Sheep Day', Risdon and Huntsworth Mills, 15 and 22 October 1998.

Making best use of your grass for grazing

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Gibb, M. J. and Huckle, C. A. 1998. Making best use of your grass for grazing. Mole Valley Feeds 'Milk Day', Rison and Huntsworth Mills, 7 May and 16 July 1998.

Graze: a program to analyse recordings of the jaw movements of ruminants

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Rutter, S. M. 1998. Graze: a program to analyse recordings of the jaw movements of ruminants. Measuring Behaviour 98, Second International Conference on Restoration Ecology, Groningen University, the Netherlands, 18-21 August 1998.

Graze user's guide - a program for analysing recordings of foraging behaviour in ruminants

J - Computer programs

Rutter, S. M. 1998. Graze user's guide - a program for analysing recordings of foraging behaviour in ruminants. Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research IGER, North Wyke Okehampton.

Effects of abomasal fat infusion on splanchnic metabolism and feeding behaviour in lactating dairy cows

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Benson, J. A., Reynolds, C. K., Humphries, D. J., Beever, D. E. and Rutter, S. M. 1998. Effects of abomasal fat infusion on splanchnic metabolism and feeding behaviour in lactating dairy cows. Abstracts of the Joint Meeting of the American Dairy Science Association and the American Society of Animal Science, Denver, Colorado, USA, 28-31 July 1998.

Effect of time of day on grazing behaviour by lactating dairy cows

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Gibb, M. J., Huckle, C. A. and Nuthall, R. 1998. Effect of time of day on grazing behaviour by lactating dairy cows. Grass and Forage Science. 53 (1), pp. 41-46. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2494.1998.00102.x

Dietary preference of dairy cows grazing grass and clover

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Rutter, S. M., Orr, R. J., Penning, P. D., Yarrow, N. H., Champion, R. A. and Atkinson, L. D. 1998. Dietary preference of dairy cows grazing grass and clover. Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science Winter Meeting, Scarborough, UK, 23-25 March 1998. BSAS, Penicuik, UK. pp. 51

Costs of locomotive and ingestive behaviour by sheep grazing grass or clover monocultures or mixtures of the two species

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Champion, R. A., Rutter, S. M., Orr, R. J. and Penning, P. D. 1998. Costs of locomotive and ingestive behaviour by sheep grazing grass or clover monocultures or mixtures of the two species. Veissier, I. and Boissy, A. (ed.) Proceedings of the 32nd International Congress of the International Society of Applied Ethology (ISAE), Clermont-Ferrand, France, 21-25 July 1998.

Behavioural and physiological factors limiting intake by grazing ruminants

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Penning, P. D., Gibb, M. J., Parsons, A. J., Orr, R. J. and Harvey, A. 1998. Behavioural and physiological factors limiting intake by grazing ruminants. Keane, M. G. and O'Riordan, E. (ed.) Extensification of Beef and Sheep Production on Grasslands, Proceedings of Pasture Ecology and Animal Intake Groups Joint Meeting, St Patrick's College, Drumcondra, Dublin, Ireland, 24-25 September 1996. pp. 10-20

Use of GPS to identify the grazing areas of hill sheep

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Rutter, S. M., Beresford, N. A. and Roberts, G. 1997. Use of GPS to identify the grazing areas of hill sheep. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture. 17, pp. 177-188.

The effect of level of concentrate offered in parlour on intake and grazing behaviour by lactating dairy cows

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Gibb, M. J., Huckle, C. A. and Nuthall, R. 1997. The effect of level of concentrate offered in parlour on intake and grazing behaviour by lactating dairy cows. British Grassland Society (BGS) Fifth Research Conference, Seale Hayne Faculty of Agriculture Food & Land Use, University of Plymouth, Newton Abbot, Devon, 8-10 September 1997. British Grassland Society (BGS) Hurley. pp. 173-174

Sward state and ingestive behaviour by Friesian dairy heifers under rotational grazing

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Orr, R. J., Rutter, S. M., Penning, P. D., Yarrow, N. H. and Champion, R. A. 1997. Sward state and ingestive behaviour by Friesian dairy heifers under rotational grazing. British Grassland Society (BGS) Fifth Research Conference, Seale Hayne Faculty of Agriculture Food & Land Use, University of Plymouth, Newton Abbot, Devon, 8-10 September 1997. British Grassland Society (BGS) Hurley. pp. 51-52

Measurement of intake rate, bite mass and bite rate by grazing dairy cows and the effect of time of day

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Gibb, M. J., Huckle, C. A. and Nuthall, R. 1997. Measurement of intake rate, bite mass and bite rate by grazing dairy cows and the effect of time of day. British Grassland Society (BGS) Fifth Research Conference, Seale Hayne Faculty of Agriculture Food & Land Use, University of Plymouth, Newton Abbot, Devon, 8-10 September 1997. British Grassland Society (BGS) Hurley. pp. 47-48

Managing daily intake by dry cows when grazing

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Huckle, C. A., Gibb, M. J. and Nuthall, R. 1997. Managing daily intake by dry cows when grazing. British Grassland Society (BGS) Fifth Research Conference, Seale Hayne Faculty of Agriculture Food & Land Use, University of Plymouth, Newton Abbot, Devon, 8-10 September 1997. British Grassland Society (BGS) Hurley. pp. 179-180

Limitations of palatability as a concept in food intake and diet selection studies

B - Book chapters etc edited externally

Rook, A. J., Penning, P. D. and Rutter, S. M. 1997. Limitations of palatability as a concept in food intake and diet selection studies. in: Forbes, J. M., Lawrence, T. L. J., Godway, R. G. and Varley, M. A. (ed.) Animal Choices, British Society of Animal Science Occasional Publication No 20 BSAS, Edinburgh. pp. 75-76

Grazing behaviour of ruminants

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Gibb, M. J. and Orr, R. J. 1997. Grazing behaviour of ruminants. IGER Innovations. 1, pp. 54-57.

Efficient milk production from grass

G - Articles in popular magazines and other technical publications

Young, N. E. and Gibb, M. J. 1997. Efficient milk production from grass. 27 (June).

Effects of abomasal fat infusion on dry matter intake, milk production and splanchnic metabolism in dairy cows at two stages of lactation

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Benson, J. A., Reynolds, C. K., Humphries, D. J., Beever, D. E. and Rutter, S. M. 1997. Effects of abomasal fat infusion on dry matter intake, milk production and splanchnic metabolism in dairy cows at two stages of lactation. Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science Winter Meeting, Scarborough, UK, 24-26 March 1997. BSAS. pp. 21

Effect of sward surface height on intake and grazing behaviour by lactating Holstein Friesian cows

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Gibb, M. J., Huckle, C. A., Nuthall, R. and Rook, A. J. 1997. Effect of sward surface height on intake and grazing behaviour by lactating Holstein Friesian cows. Grass and Forage Science. 52 (3), pp. 309-321. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2494.1997.00080.x

Distinguishing bites and chews in recordings of the grazing jaw movements of cattle

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Champion, R. A., Rutter, S. M. and Orr, R. J. 1997. Distinguishing bites and chews in recordings of the grazing jaw movements of cattle. British Grassland Society (BGS) Fifth Research Conference, Seale Hayne Faculty of Agriculture Food & Land Use, University of Plymouth, Newton Abbot, Devon, 8-10 September 1997. British Grassland Society (BGS) Hurley. pp. 171-172

Dietary preferences of domestic ruminants

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Rutter, S. M., Penning, P. D., Parsons, A. J., Harvey, A. and Orr, R. J. 1997. Dietary preferences of domestic ruminants. Forbes, J. M., Lawrence, T. L. J., Rodway, R. G. and Varley, M. A. (ed.) Animal Choices, British Society of Animal Science Occasional Publication No 20. BSAS, Edinburgh. pp. 96-97

Behavioural strategies of dairy cows grazing swards of different surface heights

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Gibb, M. J., Huckle, C. A., Nuthall, R. and Rook, A. J. 1997. Behavioural strategies of dairy cows grazing swards of different surface heights. Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science Winter Meeting, Scarborough, UK, 24-26 March 1997. BSAS. pp. 136

Animal grazing/intake terminology and definitions

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Gibb, M. J. 1997. Animal grazing/intake terminology and definitions. Keane, M. G. and O'Riordan, E. (ed.) Extensification of Beef and Sheep Production on Grasslands, Proceedings of Pasture Ecology and Animal Intake Groups Joint Meeting, St Patrick's College, Drumcondra, Dublin, Ireland, 24-25 September 1996. pp. 21-37

An automatic system to record foraging behaviour in free-ranging ruminants

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Rutter, S. M., Champion, R. A. and Penning, P. D. 1997. An automatic system to record foraging behaviour in free-ranging ruminants. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 54 (2-3), pp. 185-195. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0168-1591(96)01191-4

An automatic system to monitor lying, standing and walking behaviour of grazing animals

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Champion, R. A., Rutter, S. M. and Penning, P. D. 1997. An automatic system to monitor lying, standing and walking behaviour of grazing animals. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 54, pp. 291-305.

An algorithm for the automatic processing of recordings of foraging behaviour by cattle

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Rutter, S. M., Penning, P. D., Rook, A. J., Orr, R. J., Gibb, M. J., Champion, R. A. and Huckle, C. A. 1997. An algorithm for the automatic processing of recordings of foraging behaviour by cattle. Hemsworth, P. and Spinka, M. (ed.) Proceedings of the 31st International Congress of the International Society for Applied Ethology, Prague, Czech Republic, 13-16 August 1997. pp. 216

Oral behaviours in bovine spongiform encephalopathy

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Austin, A. R. and Rutter, S. M. 1996. Oral behaviours in bovine spongiform encephalopathy. XIXth World Buiatrics Congress, Edinburgh, 9-12 July 1996.

Foraging behaviour of free ranging domestic ruminants

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Rutter, S. M., Penning, P. D., Parsons, A. J., Harvey, A. and Orr, R. J. 1996. Foraging behaviour of free ranging domestic ruminants. Mini-symposium on diet selection in animals and man, Grassmere, Cumbria, 1-4 July 1996.

Assessing the welfare of intensive and extensive livestock

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Rutter, S. M. 1996. Assessing the welfare of intensive and extensive livestock. O'Riordan, E. (ed.) Extensification of beef and sheep production on grassland. Proceedings of Pasture Ecology and Animal Intake Groups Joint Meeting, St Patrick's College, Drumcondra, Dublin, Ireland, 24-25 September 1996 (EU Concerted Action Report AIR3-CT93-0974).

Why can't dairy heifers graze clover quicker than grass?

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Rutter, S. M., Penning, P. D., Champion, R. A. and Orr, R. J. 1996. Why can't dairy heifers graze clover quicker than grass? Duncan, I. J. H., Widowski, T. M. and Haley, D. B. (ed.) Proceedings of the 30th International Congress of the International Society of Applied Ethology (ISAE), Col K L Campbell Centre for the Study of Animal Welfare, Guelph, Ontario, Canada, 14-17 August 1996. University of Guelph, Centre for the Study of Animal Welfare. pp. 134

Techniques to measure behaviour automatically in grazing herbivores

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Penning, P. D., Rutter, S. M. and Champion, R. A. 1996. Techniques to measure behaviour automatically in grazing herbivores. Measuring Behaviour '96, Utrecht, the Netherlands, 16-18 October 1996. pp. 76

Limitations of palatability as a concept in feed intake and diet selection studies

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Rook, A. J., Rutter, S. M. and Penning, P. D. 1996. Limitations of palatability as a concept in feed intake and diet selection studies. Animal Choices, Joint Symposium by BSAS/PRSCA/ISAE, Leeds, 18-20 September 1996.

Grazing behaviour and herbage intake rate by Friesian dairy heifers grazing ryegrass or white clover

B - Book chapters etc edited externally

Orr, R. J., Rutter, S. M., Penning, P. D., Yarrow, N. H. and Champion, R. A. 1996. Grazing behaviour and herbage intake rate by Friesian dairy heifers grazing ryegrass or white clover. in: Younie, D. (ed.) Legumes in Sustainable Farming Systems, British Grassland Society Occasional Symposium No 30 (Proceedings of joint conference of BGS and SFS Initiative, SAC, Craibstone, Aberdeen, 2-4 September 1996) British Grassland Society (BGS) Hurley. pp. 221-224

Data logging apparatus for UK livestock

H2 - Patents applied for

Rutter, S. M. and Penning, P. D. 1996. Data logging apparatus for UK livestock.

Can grazed pasture meet the needs of the high genetic merit dairy cow?

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Gibb, M. J., Huckle, C. A., Nuthall, R. and Penning, P. D. 1996. Can grazed pasture meet the needs of the high genetic merit dairy cow? Grass and Forage for Cattle of High Genetic Merit, British Grassland Society Conference, Great Malvern, UK, 25-26 November 1996.

Automatic recording of various aspects of foraging behaviour

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Rutter, S. M., Champion, R. A. and Penning, P. D. 1996. Automatic recording of various aspects of foraging behaviour. Fourth International Symposium on Nutrition of Herbivores - Satellite on Ruminant Use of Fodder Resources in Warm Countries, 7-9 September 1995, Montpellier, France.

A system to record automatically foraging behaviour in free-ranging herbivores

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Rutter, S. M., Champion, R. A. and Penning, P. D. 1996. A system to record automatically foraging behaviour in free-ranging herbivores. Measuring Behaviour '96, Utrecht, the Netherlands, 16-18 October 1996. pp. 88

To what extent can animal welfare be measured?

B - Book chapters etc edited externally

Rutter, S. M. 1995. To what extent can animal welfare be measured? in: Proceedings of the 29th International Congress of the International Society for Applied Ethology, Exeter, UK, 3-5 August 1995 Universities Federation for Animal Welfare. pp. 57-58

The performance and changes in body composition of steers offered cut grass or grazing following three patterns of nutrition in winter

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Baker, R. D. and Gibb, M. J. 1995. The performance and changes in body composition of steers offered cut grass or grazing following three patterns of nutrition in winter. Animal Science. 60, pp. 419-427. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1357729800013291

The effect of sward surface height on grazing behaviour by lactating Holstein-Friesian cows

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Gibb, M. J., Rook, A. J., Huckle, C. A. and Nuthall, R. 1995. The effect of sward surface height on grazing behaviour by lactating Holstein-Friesian cows. Proceedings of the 111th Meeting of the British Society of Animal Science, Scarborough, 20-22 March 1995.

Lactation performance of spring-calving dairy cows grazing mixed perennial ryegrass/white clover swards of differing composition and height

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Wilkins, R. J., Gibb, M. J. and Huckle, C. A. 1995. Lactation performance of spring-calving dairy cows grazing mixed perennial ryegrass/white clover swards of differing composition and height. Grass and Forage Science. 50 (3), pp. 199-208. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1995.tb02315.x

Estimation of herbage intake by dairy cows from measurements of grazing behaviour and weight change

B - Book chapters etc edited externally

Gibb, M. J., Rook, A. J., Huckle, C. A. and Nuthall, R. 1995. Estimation of herbage intake by dairy cows from measurements of grazing behaviour and weight change. in: Rutter, S. M., Rushen, J., Randle, H. D. and Eddison, J. C. (ed.) Proceedings of the 29th International Congress of the International Society for Applied Ethology, Exeter, UK, 3-5 August 1995 Universities Federation for Animal Welfare. pp. 71-72

A low-power postprocessed DGPS system for logging the locations of sheep on hill pastures

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Roberts, G., Williams, A., Last, J. D., Penning, P. D. and Rutter, S. M. 1995. A low-power postprocessed DGPS system for logging the locations of sheep on hill pastures. Journal of the Institute of Navigation. 2, pp. 327-336.

Use of satellite tracking system to record the foraging behaviour of hill sheep

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Rutter, S. M., Beresford, N. A. and Roberts, G. 1994. Use of satellite tracking system to record the foraging behaviour of hill sheep. International Society for Applied Ethology - International Congress, 3-6 August 1994, Foulum, Denmark. pp. 171

The use of short-term weight changes to measure intake rates in grazing dairy cattle

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Huckle, C. A., Nuthall, R. and Gibb, M. J. 1994. The use of short-term weight changes to measure intake rates in grazing dairy cattle. Fourth British Grassland Society (BGS) Research Conference, Reading University, UK, 26-28 September 1994.

Temporal variation in grazing behaviour of sheep and the reliability of sampling periods

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Champion, R. A., Rutter, S. M., Penning, P. D. and Rook, A. J. 1994. Temporal variation in grazing behaviour of sheep and the reliability of sampling periods. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 42, pp. 99-108.

Identification of grazing areas which may influence radiocaesium levels in West Cumbrian sheep

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Rutter, S. M. 1994. Identification of grazing areas which may influence radiocaesium levels in West Cumbrian sheep. MAFF Radiation Research Project Seminar, London, February 1994.

Identification of grazing habits/areas which may influence radiocaesium levels in West Cumbrian sheep

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Rutter, S. M. and Beresford, N. A. 1994. Identification of grazing habits/areas which may influence radiocaesium levels in West Cumbrian sheep.

Factors affecting the rate of insensible weight loss in dairy cattle

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Nuthall, R., Huckle, C. A. and Gibb, M. J. 1994. Factors affecting the rate of insensible weight loss in dairy cattle. Fourth British Grassland Society (BGS) Research Conference, Reading University, UK, 26-28 September 1994.

Evaluation of the inclusion of estimators of body composition in models for the prediction of milk production by dairy cows

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Rook, A. J., Gibb, M. J., Ivings, W. E., Aston, K. and Sutton, J. D. 1994. Evaluation of the inclusion of estimators of body composition in models for the prediction of milk production by dairy cows. Journal Of Dairy Research. 61 (3), pp. 415-418. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022029900030831

Effect of supplementation on production by spring-calving dairy cows grazing swards of differing clover content

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Wilkins, R. J., Gibb, M. J., Huckle, C. A. and Clements, A. J. 1994. Effect of supplementation on production by spring-calving dairy cows grazing swards of differing clover content. Grass and Forage Science. 49 (4), pp. 465-475. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1994.tb02024.x

A solid state grazing behaviour recording system

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Champion, R. A., Rutter, S. M. and Penning, P. D. 1994. A solid state grazing behaviour recording system. Fourth British Grassland Society (BGS) Research Conference, 26-28 September 1994, Reading University.

The prediction of milk solids yields on grass silage diets

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Sutton, J. D., Aston, K., Gibb, M. J. and Rook, A. J. 1993. The prediction of milk solids yields on grass silage diets.

The effects of quantity and duration of milk feeding on the intake of concentrates and growth of castrated male Saanen kids to slaughter

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Yan, T., Cook, J. E., Gibb, M. J., Ivings, W. E. and Treacher, T. T. 1993. The effects of quantity and duration of milk feeding on the intake of concentrates and growth of castrated male Saanen kids to slaughter. Animal Production. 56 (3), pp. 327-332. https://doi.org/10.1017/S000335610000636X

Relationships between velocity of ultrasound in live lactating dairy cows and some post-slaughter measurements of body composition

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Ivings, W. E., Gibb, M. J., Dhanoa, M. S. and Fisher, A. V. 1993. Relationships between velocity of ultrasound in live lactating dairy cows and some post-slaughter measurements of body composition. Animal Production. 56 (1), pp. 9-16.

Recent developments in the automatic recording of grazing behaviour in free ranging ruminants

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Rutter, S. M., Penning, P. D., Champion, R. A. and Roberts, G. 1993. Recent developments in the automatic recording of grazing behaviour in free ranging ruminants. Proceedings of the Third International Congress on Applied Ethology, July 1993, Berlin, Germany. Humboldt University, Berlin. pp. 594-596

Performance of British Saanen, Boer x British Saanen and Anglo-Nubian castrated male kids from 8 weeks to slaughter at 28, 33 or 38 kg live weight

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Gibb, M. J., Cook, J. E. and Treacher, T. T. 1993. Performance of British Saanen, Boer x British Saanen and Anglo-Nubian castrated male kids from 8 weeks to slaughter at 28, 33 or 38 kg live weight. Animal Production. 57, pp. 263-271. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003356100006875

Factors controlling meal length and herbage intake rate by grazing sheep

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Penning, P. D., Orr, R. J., Parsons, A. J. and Rutter, S. M. 1993. Factors controlling meal length and herbage intake rate by grazing sheep. Proceedings of the Third International Congress on Applied Ethology, July 1993, Berlin, Germany. Humboldt University, Berlin. pp. 498-500

Aversiveness of mechanical conveying to laying hens

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Rutter, S. M., Scott, G. B. and Morgan, P. 1993. Aversiveness of mechanical conveying to laying hens. British Poultry Science. 34, pp. 279-285. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071669308417584

Aversion of domestic fowl to whole-body vibratory motion

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Rutter, S. M. and Randall, J. M. 1993. Aversion of domestic fowl to whole-body vibratory motion. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 37, pp. 69-73.

Automatic recording of grazing behaviour in ruminants

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Rutter, S. M., Penning, P. D., Champion, R. A. and Roberts, G. 1993. Automatic recording of grazing behaviour in ruminants. Society of Chemical Industry - Sensing and Control Aspects of Spatially Variable Field Operations, November 1993, London.

Assessment of hunger in growing broiler breeders in relation to a commercial restricted feeding programme

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Savory, C. J., Maros, K. and Rutter, S. M. 1993. Assessment of hunger in growing broiler breeders in relation to a commercial restricted feeding programme. Animal Welfare. 2, pp. 131-152.

A note on the estimation of the body fat, protein and energy content of lactating Holstein-Friesian cows by measurement of condition score and live weight

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Gibb, M. J. and Ivings, W. E. 1993. A note on the estimation of the body fat, protein and energy content of lactating Holstein-Friesian cows by measurement of condition score and live weight. Animal Production. 56 (2), pp. 281-283. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003356100021383

A low-power portable post-processed DGPS package for precise position-logging of sheep on hill pastures

C1 - Edited contributions to conferences/learned societies

Roberts, G., Williams, A., Last, J. D., Penning, P. D. and Rutter, S. M. 1993. A low-power portable post-processed DGPS package for precise position-logging of sheep on hill pastures. Proceedings of the Institute of Navigation GPS-93, 22-24 September 1993, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA (Session 5D).

The use of fish meal and monensin as supplements to grass silage and their effect on body composition changes in steers from 5 months of age to slaughter

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Gibb, M. J. and Baker, R. D. 1992. The use of fish meal and monensin as supplements to grass silage and their effect on body composition changes in steers from 5 months of age to slaughter. Animal Production. 55 (1), pp. 47-57. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003356100037260

Measuring aversion in domestic fowl using passive avoidance

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Rutter, S. M. and Duncan, I. J. H. 1992. Measuring aversion in domestic fowl using passive avoidance. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 33, pp. 53-61.

Development of an automatic recording system for lying, standing and walking behaviour in sheep

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Rutter, S. M. and Champion, R. A. 1992. Development of an automatic recording system for lying, standing and walking behaviour in sheep. Third Research Conference BGS, 2-4 September 1992, Greenmount, County Antrim, Northern Ireland. pp. 75-76

Body composition and performance of autumn-calving Holstein-Friesian dairy cows during lactation: chemical composition of the body

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Gibb, M. J., Ivings, W. E. and Sutton, J. D. 1992. Body composition and performance of autumn-calving Holstein-Friesian dairy cows during lactation: chemical composition of the body.

Shuttle and one-way avoidance as measures of aversion in the domestic fowl

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Rutter, S. M. and Duncan, J. H. 1991. Shuttle and one-way avoidance as measures of aversion in the domestic fowl. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 30, pp. 117-124.

The use of cold-flow ammonia and bag silos in the production of maize silage for beef production. Results of a trial commissioned by the Maize Growers' Association, conducted at Buildings Farm, Marcham, winter 1989-90

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Gibb, M. J. 1990. The use of cold-flow ammonia and bag silos in the production of maize silage for beef production. Results of a trial commissioned by the Maize Growers' Association, conducted at Buildings Farm, Marcham, winter 1989-90.

Quantifying motivation using a computer-controlled push-door

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Petherick, J. C. and Rutter, S. M. 1990. Quantifying motivation using a computer-controlled push-door. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 27, pp. 159-167.

PlotOp - A system for the analysis of operant behaviour

D1 - Technical reports: non-confidential

Rutter, S. M. 1990. PlotOp - A system for the analysis of operant behaviour.

Measuring the motivation of domestic fowl in response to a positive and a negative reinforcer

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Petherick, J. C., Sutherland, R. H., Waddington, D. and Rutter, S. M. 1990. Measuring the motivation of domestic fowl in response to a positive and a negative reinforcer. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 33, pp. 357-366.