CIEL Net zero carbon and uk livestock

Magowan, E., Buckingham, S., McAuliffe, G., Rees, R and Lee, M. R. F. 2020. CIEL Net zero carbon and uk livestock. CIEL NET ZERO CARBON & UK LIVESTOCK. pp. 1-57.

Authors	Magowan, E., Buckingham, S., McAuliffe, G., Rees, R and Lee, M. R. F.
Year of Publication	2020
Journal	CIEL NET ZERO CARBON & UK LIVESTOCK
Journal citation	pp. 1-57
Open access	Published as bronze (free) open access
Funder	CIEL
	Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
Publisher's version	CIEL-Net-Zero-Carbon-UK-Livestock_2020_Interactive.pdf
Supplemental file	RRes Press Release 30 September 2020 New report urges more innovation if farmers are to meet UK net zero cardon goals for livestock.docx

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Beef productivity on the North Wyke Farm Platform in two baseline years

C2 - Non-edited contributions to conferences

Thompson, J. B., Orr, R. J., Dungait, J. A. J., Murray, P. J. and Lee, M. R. F. 2014. Beef productivity on the North Wyke Farm Platform in two baseline years. Hopkins, A. (ed.) EGF at 50: the Future of European Grasslands. Proceedings of the 25th General Meeting of the European Grassland Federation, Aberystwyth, 7-11 September 2014 . pp. 644-646

Forage polyphenol oxidase and ruminant livestock nutrition

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Lee, M. R. F. 2014. Forage polyphenol oxidase and ruminant livestock nutrition. Frontiers in Plant Science. 5, p. 694. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2014.00694

Agriculture: Steps to sustainable livestock

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Eisler, M. C., Lee, M. R. F., Tarlton, J. F., Martin, G. B., Beddington, J., Dungait, J. A. J., Greathead, H., Liu, J., Mathew, S., Miller, H., Misselbrook, T. H., Murray, P. J., Vinod, V. K., Van Saun, R. and Winter, M. 2014. Agriculture: Steps to sustainable livestock. Nature. 507 (6 March), pp. 32-34. https://doi.org/10.1038/507032a

The development of chlorophyll-based markers in poultry diets to aid detection of fluorescent fecal contamination

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Lee, M. R. F., Leemans, D., Theobald, V. J., Fleming, H. R. and Gay, A. P. 2013. The development of chlorophyll-based markers in poultry diets to aid detection of fluorescent fecal contamination. Poultry Science. 92 (12), pp. 3251-3258. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2013-03310

Effect of replacing grass silage with red clover silage on ruminal lipid metabolism in lactating cows fed diets containing a 60:40 forage-to-concentrate ratio

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Halmemies-Beauchet-Filleau, A., Vanhatalo, A., Toivonen, V., Heikkila, T., Lee, M. R. F. and Shingfield, K. J. 2013. Effect of replacing grass silage with red clover silage on ruminal lipid metabolism in lactating cows fed diets containing a 60:40 forage-to-concentrate ratio. Journal of Dairy Science. 96 (9), pp. 5882-5900. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2013-6872

Potential of chlorophyll-rich feed ingredients to improve detection of fecal contamination in the abattoir

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Lee, M. R. F., Scott, M. B., Veberg-Dahl, A., Evans, P. R., Theobald, V. J., Lundby, F., Scollan, N D. and Wold, J. P. 2013. Potential of chlorophyll-rich feed ingredients to improve detection of fecal contamination in the abattoir. Journal Of Food Protection. 76 (3), pp. 516-522. https://doi.org/10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-12-353

Genotyping by RAD sequencing enables mapping of fatty acid composition traits in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne (L.))

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Hegarty, M., Yadav, R., Lee, M. R. F., Armstead, I., Sanderson, R., Scollan, N., Powell, W. and Skot, L. 2013. Genotyping by RAD sequencing enables mapping of fatty acid composition traits in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne (L.)). Plant Biotechnology Journal. 11 (5), pp. 572-581. https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.12045

Comparison of ryegrass and red clover on the fermentation pattern, microbial community and efficiency of diet utilisation in the rumen simulation technique (Rusitec)

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Belanche, A., Lee, M. R. F., Moorby, J. M. and Newbold, C. J. 2013. Comparison of ryegrass and red clover on the fermentation pattern, microbial community and efficiency of diet utilisation in the rumen simulation technique (Rusitec). Animal Production Science. 53 (10), pp. 1052-1064. https://doi.org/10.1071/AN12183

The use of a plant extract to improve detection of faecal contamination in the abattoir

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Lee, M. R. F., Scott, M., Evans, P., Theobald, V., Lundby, F., Scollan, N. and Wold, J-P. 2013. The use of a plant extract to improve detection of faecal contamination in the abattoir. Journal Of Food Protection. 76 (3), pp. 516-522. https://doi.org/10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-12-353

Oxidation of ortho‐diphenols in red clover with and without polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity and their role in PPO activation and inactivation

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Lee, M. R. F., Tweed, J. K. S. and Sullivan, M. L. 2013. Oxidation of ortho‐diphenols in red clover with and without polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity and their role in PPO activation and inactivation. Grass and Forage Science. 68 (1), pp. 83-92. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.2012.00873.x

Fatty acid oxidation products (‘green odour’) released from perennial ryegrass following biotic and abiotic stress, potentially have antimicrobial properties against the rumen microbiota resulting in decreased biohydrogenation

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Huws, S. A., Scott, M. B., Tweed, J. K. S. and Lee, M. R. F. 2013. Fatty acid oxidation products (‘green odour’) released from perennial ryegrass following biotic and abiotic stress, potentially have antimicrobial properties against the rumen microbiota resulting in decreased biohydrogenation. Journal of Applied Microbiology. 115 (5), pp. 1081-1090. https://doi.org/10.1111/jam.12314

Characterization of polyphenol oxidase activity in a range of forage ecotypes with different phenol substrates. A new insight for PPO and protein‐bound phenol evaluation

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Cabiddu, A., Lee, M. R. F., Decandia, M., Molle, G, Salis, L., Vargiu, M. and Winters, A. L. 2013. Characterization of polyphenol oxidase activity in a range of forage ecotypes with different phenol substrates. A new insight for PPO and protein‐bound phenol evaluation. Grass and Forage Science. 69 (4), pp. 678-692. https://doi.org/10.1111/gfs.12082

Ruminal protozoal contribution to the duodenal flow of fatty acids following feeding of steers on forages differing in chloroplast content

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Huws, S. A., Lee, M. R. F., Kingston-Smith, A. H., Kim, E. J., Scott, M. B., Tweed, J. K. S. and Scollan, N. D. 2012. Ruminal protozoal contribution to the duodenal flow of fatty acids following feeding of steers on forages differing in chloroplast content. British Journal Of Nutrition. 108 (12), pp. 2207-2214. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114512000335

An eight-year investigation of bovine livestock fecal microbiota

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Rudi, K., Moen, B., Sekelja, M., Frisli, T. and Lee, M. R. F. 2012. An eight-year investigation of bovine livestock fecal microbiota. Veterinary Microbiology. 160 (3-4), pp. 369-377. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.06.003

Beef, chicken and lamb fatty acid analysis - a simplified direct bimethylation procedure using freeze-dried material

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Lee, M. R. F., Tweed, J. K. S., Kim, E. J. and Scollan, N. D. 2012. Beef, chicken and lamb fatty acid analysis - a simplified direct bimethylation procedure using freeze-dried material. Meat Science. 92 (4), pp. 863-866. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2012.06.013

Effect of linseed oil and fish oil alone or as an equal mixture on ruminal fatty acid metabolism in growing steers fed maize silage-based diets

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Shingfield, K. J., Lee, M. R. F., Humphries, D. J., Scollan, N. D., Toivonen. V., Beever, D. E. and Reynolds, C. K. 2011. Effect of linseed oil and fish oil alone or as an equal mixture on ruminal fatty acid metabolism in growing steers fed maize silage-based diets. Journal of Animal Science. 89 (11), pp. 3728-3741. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2011-4047

Red clover polyphenol oxidase and lipid metabolism

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Van Ranst, G., Lee, M. R. F. and Fievez, V. 2011. Red clover polyphenol oxidase and lipid metabolism. Animal. 5 (4), pp. 512-521. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731110002028

The potential of Chlorophyll based dietary markers to improve egg yolk colour of laying chickens

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Lee, M. R. F., Jones, H., Fleming, H., Gibson, K. P., Theobald, V. J. and Richardson, R. I. 2011. The potential of Chlorophyll based dietary markers to improve egg yolk colour of laying chickens. British Poultry Abstracts. 7 (1), pp. 61-62. https://doi.org/10.1080/17466202.2011.611619

In vitro rumen simulated (RUSITEC) metabolism of freshly cut or wilted grasses with contrasting polyphenol oxidase activities

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Lee, M. R. F., Cabiddu, A., Hou, F., Niderkorn, V., Kim, E. J., Fychan, R. and Scollan, N. D. 2011. In vitro rumen simulated (RUSITEC) metabolism of freshly cut or wilted grasses with contrasting polyphenol oxidase activities. Grass and Forage Science. 66 (2), pp. 196-205. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.2010.00775.x

As yet uncultured bacteria phylogenetically classified as Prevotella, Lachnospiraceae incertae sedis and unclassified Bacteroidales, Clostridiales and Ruminococcaceae may play a predominant role in ruminal biohydrogenation

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Huws, S. A., Kim, e. J., Lee, M. R. F., Scott, M. B., Tweed, J. K. S., Pinloche, E., Wallace, R. J. and Scollan, N. D. 2011. As yet uncultured bacteria phylogenetically classified as Prevotella, Lachnospiraceae incertae sedis and unclassified Bacteroidales, Clostridiales and Ruminococcaceae may play a predominant role in ruminal biohydrogenation. Environmental Microbiology. 13 (6), pp. 1500-1512. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2011.02452.x

Natural faecal fluorophores and the potential of chlorophyll based markers to optimise fluorescence as a real-time solution for the detection of faecal contamination on carcasses

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Lee, M. R. F., Theobald, V. J., Ougham, H. J., Dahl, A. V., Lundby, F., Scollan, N. D. and Wold, J-P. 2010. Natural faecal fluorophores and the potential of chlorophyll based markers to optimise fluorescence as a real-time solution for the detection of faecal contamination on carcasses. Meat Science. 86 (4), pp. 966-975. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2010.08.002

Effect of incremental amounts of fish oil in the diet on ruminal lipid metabolism in growing steers

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Shingfield, K. L., Lee, M. R. F., Humphries, D. J., Scollan, N. D., Toivonen, V., Reynolds, C. K. and Beever, D. E. 2010. Effect of incremental amounts of fish oil in the diet on ruminal lipid metabolism in growing steers. British Journal Of Nutrition. 104 (1), pp. 56-66. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114510000292

Comparison of 2 high-throughput spectral techniques to predict differences in diet composition of grazing sheep and cattle

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Moorby, J. M., Fraser, M. D., Parveen, I., Lee, M. R. F. and Wold, J. P. 2010. Comparison of 2 high-throughput spectral techniques to predict differences in diet composition of grazing sheep and cattle. Journal of Animal Science. 88 (5), pp. 1905-1913. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2009-1944

The influence of plant polyphenols on lipolysis and biohydrogenation in dried forages at different phenological stages: in vitro study

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Cabiddu, A., Salis, L., Tweed, J. K. S., Molle, G., Decandia. M. and Lee, M. R. F. 2010. The influence of plant polyphenols on lipolysis and biohydrogenation in dried forages at different phenological stages: in vitro study. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture - jsfa. 90 (5), pp. 829-835. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.3892

Immunogold labelling to localize polyphenol oxidase (PPO) during wilting of red clover leaf tissue and the effect of removing cellular matrices on PPO protection of glycerol-based lipid in the rumen

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Lee, M. R. F., Tweed, J. K. S., Cookson, A. and Sullivan, M. L. 2010. Immunogold labelling to localize polyphenol oxidase (PPO) during wilting of red clover leaf tissue and the effect of removing cellular matrices on PPO protection of glycerol-based lipid in the rumen. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture - jsfa. 90 (3), pp. 503-510. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.3848

Forage type and fish oil cause shifts in rumen bacterial diversity

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Huws, S. A., Lee, M. R. F., Muetzel, M., Scott, M. B., Wallace, R. J. and Scollan, N. D. 2010. Forage type and fish oil cause shifts in rumen bacterial diversity. FEMS Microbiology Ecology. 73 (2), pp. 396-407. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2010.00892.x

Dietary Transformation of Lipid in the Rumen Microbial Ecosystem

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Kim, E. J., Huws, S. A., Lee, M. R. F. and Scollan, N. D. 2009. Dietary Transformation of Lipid in the Rumen Microbial Ecosystem. Asian-Australasian Journal Of Animal Sciences. 22 (9), pp. 1341-1350. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2009.r.11

A comparison between red clover silage and grass silage feeding on fatty acid composition, meat stability and sensory quality of the M. longissimus muscle of dairy cull cows

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Lee, M. R. F., Evans, P., Nute, G. R., Richardson, R. I. and Scollan, N. D. 2009. A comparison between red clover silage and grass silage feeding on fatty acid composition, meat stability and sensory quality of the M. longissimus muscle of dairy cull cows. Meat Science. 81 (4), pp. 738-744. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2008.11.016

Red clover polyphenol oxidase: Activation, activity and efficacy under grazing

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Lee, M. R. F., Tweed, J. K. S., Minchin, F. R. and Winters, A. L. 2009. Red clover polyphenol oxidase: Activation, activity and efficacy under grazing. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 149 (3-4), pp. 250-264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2008.06.013

Effect of feeding fresh or conditioned red clover on milk fatty acids and nitrogen utilization in lactating dairy cows

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Lee, M. R. F., Theobald, V. J., Tweed, J. K. S., Winters, A. L. and Scollan, N. D. 2009. Effect of feeding fresh or conditioned red clover on milk fatty acids and nitrogen utilization in lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science. 92 (3), pp. 1136-1147. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2008-1692

Rumen protozoa are rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids due to the ingestion of chloroplasts

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Huws, S. A., Kim, E. J., Kingston-Smith, A. H., Lee, M. R. F., Muetzel, S. M., Cookson, A. R., Newbold, C. J., Wallace, R. J. and Scollan, N. D. 2009. Rumen protozoa are rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids due to the ingestion of chloroplasts. FEMS Microbiology Ecology. 69 (3), pp. 461-471. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2009.00717.x

Effect of fish oil on ruminal biohydrogenation of C18 unsaturated fatty acids in steers fed grass or red clover silages

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Lee, M. R. F., Shingfield, K. J., Tweed, J. K. S., Toivonen, V., Huws, S. A. and Scollan, N. D. 2008. Effect of fish oil on ruminal biohydrogenation of C18 unsaturated fatty acids in steers fed grass or red clover silages. Animal. 2 (12), pp. 1859-1869. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731108002899

Ruminal micro-organisms do not adapt to increase utilization of poly-phenol oxidase protected red clover protein and glycerol-based lipid

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Lee, M. R. F., Tweed, J. K. S., Scollan, N. D. and Sulivan, M. L. 2008. Ruminal micro-organisms do not adapt to increase utilization of poly-phenol oxidase protected red clover protein and glycerol-based lipid. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture - jsfa. 88 (14), pp. 2479-2485. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.3366

Isomerisation of cis-9 trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) to trans-9 trans-11 CLA during acidic methylation can be avoided by a rapid base catalysed methylation of milk fat

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Lee, M. R. F. and Tweed, J. K. S. 2008. Isomerisation of cis-9 trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) to trans-9 trans-11 CLA during acidic methylation can be avoided by a rapid base catalysed methylation of milk fat. Journal Of Dairy Research. 75 (3), pp. 354-356. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022029908003518

Effects of polyphenol oxidase on lipolysis and proteolysis of red clover silage with and without a silage inoculant (Lactobacillus plantarum L54)

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Lee, M. R. F., Scott, M. B., Tweed, J. K. S., Minchin, F. R. and Davies, D. R. 2008. Effects of polyphenol oxidase on lipolysis and proteolysis of red clover silage with and without a silage inoculant (Lactobacillus plantarum L54). Animal Feed Science and Technology. 144 (1-2), pp. 125-136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2007.09.035

Advances in microbial ecosystem concepts and their consequences for ruminant agriculture

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Edwards, J. E., Huws, S. A., Kim, E. J., Lee, M. R. F., Kingston-Smith, A. H. and Scollan, N. D. 2008. Advances in microbial ecosystem concepts and their consequences for ruminant agriculture. Animal. 2 (5), pp. 653-660. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731108002164

Fish oil increases the duodenal flow of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and trans-11 18 : 1 and decreases 18 : 0 in steers via changes in the rumen bacterial community

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Kim, E. J., Huws, S. A., Lee, M. R. F., Wood, J. D., Muetzel, S. M., Wallace, R. J. and Scollan, N. D. 2008. Fish oil increases the duodenal flow of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and trans-11 18 : 1 and decreases 18 : 0 in steers via changes in the rumen bacterial community. Journal Of Nutrition. 138 (5), pp. 889-896. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/138.5.889

Latent and active Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) in red clover (Trifolium pratense) and use of a low PPO mutant to study the role of PPO in proteolysis reduction

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Winters, A. L., Minchin, F. R., Michaelson-Yeates, T. P. T., Lee, M. R. F. and Morris, P. 2008. Latent and active Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) in red clover (Trifolium pratense) and use of a low PPO mutant to study the role of PPO in proteolysis reduction. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry - JAFC. 56 (8), pp. 2817-2824. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0726177

Effects of fatty acid oxidation products (green odor) on rumen bacterial populations and lipid metabolism in vitro

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Lee, M. R. F., Huws, S. A., Scollan, N. D. and Dewhurst, R. J. 2007. Effects of fatty acid oxidation products (green odor) on rumen bacterial populations and lipid metabolism in vitro. Journal of Dairy Science. 90 (8), pp. 3874-3882. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2007-0191

Lipolysis in red clover with different polyphenol oxidase activities in the presence and absence of rumen fluid

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Lee, M. R. F., Parfitt, L. J., Scollan, N. D. and Minchin, F. R. 2007. Lipolysis in red clover with different polyphenol oxidase activities in the presence and absence of rumen fluid. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture - jsfa. 87 (7), pp. 1308-1314. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.2849

Increasing the concentrations of beneficial polyunsaturated fatty acids in milk produced by dairy cows in high-forage systems

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Dewhurst, R. J., Shingfield, K. L., Lee, M. R. F. and Scollan, N. D. 2006. Increasing the concentrations of beneficial polyunsaturated fatty acids in milk produced by dairy cows in high-forage systems. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 131 (3-4), pp. 168-206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2006.04.016

Effects of high-sugar ryegrass silage and mixtures with red clover silage on ruminant digestion. 1. In vitro and in vivo studies of nitrogen utilization

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Merry, R. J., Lee, M. R. F., Davies, D. R., Dewhurst, R. J., Moorby, J. M., Scollan, N. D. and Theodorou, M. K. 2006. Effects of high-sugar ryegrass silage and mixtures with red clover silage on ruminant digestion. 1. In vitro and in vivo studies of nitrogen utilization. Journal of Animal Science. 84 (11), pp. 3049-3060. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2005-735

Effects of high-sugar ryegrass silage and mixtures with red clover silage on ruminant digestion. 2. Lipids

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Lee, M. R. F., Connelly, P. L., Tweed, J. K. S., Dewhurst, R. J., Merry, R. J. and Scollan, N. D. 2006. Effects of high-sugar ryegrass silage and mixtures with red clover silage on ruminant digestion. 2. Lipids. Journal of Animal Science. 84 (11), pp. 3061-3070. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2005-736

Polyphenol oxidase activity in grass and its effect on plant-mediated lipolysis and proteolysis of Dactylis glomerata (cocksfoot) in a simulated rumen environment

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Lee, M. R. F., Colmenero, J. D. J. O., Winters, A. L., Scollan, N. D. and Mionchin, F. R. 2006. Polyphenol oxidase activity in grass and its effect on plant-mediated lipolysis and proteolysis of Dactylis glomerata (cocksfoot) in a simulated rumen environment. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture - jsfa. 86 (10), pp. 1503-1511. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.2533

Polyphenols and their influence on gut function and health in ruminants: a review

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Lee, M. R. F., Theodorou, M. K., Kingston-Smith, A. H., Winters, A. L., Minchin, F. R., Morris, P. and MacRae, J. 2006. Polyphenols and their influence on gut function and health in ruminants: a review. Environmental Chemistry Letters. 4 (3), pp. 121-126. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-006-0061-2

Effect of forage: concentrate ratio on ruminal metabolism and duodenal flow of fatty acids in beef steers

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Lee, M. R. F., Tweed, J. K. S., Dewhurst, R. J. and Scollan, N. D. 2006. Effect of forage: concentrate ratio on ruminal metabolism and duodenal flow of fatty acids in beef steers. Animal Science. 82, pp. 31-40. https://doi.org/10.1079/ASC20058

Lipolysis of red clover with differing polyphenol oxidase activities in batch culture.

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Lee, M. R. F., Parfitt, L. J. and Minchin, F. R. 2006. Lipolysis of red clover with differing polyphenol oxidase activities in batch culture. Journal of Animal Science. 84, pp. 101-101.

The effect of fish oil supplementation on ruminal C18PUFA metabolism in beef steers offered either grass or red clover silage.

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Lee, M. R. F., Shingfield, K. J. and Scollan, N. D. 2006. The effect of fish oil supplementation on ruminal C18PUFA metabolism in beef steers offered either grass or red clover silage. Journal of Animal Science. 84, pp. 293-294.

The effects of fish oil supplementation on rumen metabolism and the biohydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids in beef steers given diets containing sunflower oil

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Lee, M. R. F., Tweed, J. K. S., Moloney, A. P. and Scollan ,N. D. 2005. The effects of fish oil supplementation on rumen metabolism and the biohydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids in beef steers given diets containing sunflower oil. Animal Science. 80 (3), pp. 361-367. https://doi.org/10.1079/ASC41920361

Plant-mediated lipolysis and proteolysis in red clover with different polyphenol oxidase activities

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Lee, M. R. F., Winters, A. L., Scollan, N. D., Dewhurst, R. J., Theodorou, M. K. and Minchin, F. R. 2004. Plant-mediated lipolysis and proteolysis in red clover with different polyphenol oxidase activities. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture - jsfa. 84 (13), pp. 1639-1645. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.1854

Effects of diets containing sunflower oil and fish oil on lipid metabolism and fatty acid flow to the duodenum of beef steers

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Lee, M. R. F., Tweed, J .K. S., Moloney, A. P. and Scollan, N. D. 2004. Effects of diets containing sunflower oil and fish oil on lipid metabolism and fatty acid flow to the duodenum of beef steers. Journal Of Animal And Feed Sciences. 13 (supplement 1), pp. 135-138. https://doi.org/10.22358/jafs/73760/2004

Biohydrogenation and digestion of long chain fatty acids in steers fed on Lolium perenne bred for elevated levels of water-soluble carbohydrate

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Scollan, N. D., Lee, M. R. F. and Enser, M. 2003. Biohydrogenation and digestion of long chain fatty acids in steers fed on Lolium perenne bred for elevated levels of water-soluble carbohydrate. Animal Research. 52 (6), pp. 501-511. https://doi.org/10.1051/animres:2003040

The effect of clover silages on long chain fatty acid rumen transformations and digestion in beef steers

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Lee, M. R. F., Harris, L. J., Dewhurst, R. J., Merry, R. J. and Scollan, N. D. 2003. The effect of clover silages on long chain fatty acid rumen transformations and digestion in beef steers. Animal Science. 76 (3), pp. 491-501. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1357729800058719

Forage breeding and management to increase the beneficial fatty acid content of ruminant products

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Dewhurst, R. J., Scollan, N. D., Lee, M. R. F., Ougham, H. J. and Humphreys, M. O. 2003. Forage breeding and management to increase the beneficial fatty acid content of ruminant products. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society. 62 (2), pp. 329-336. https://doi.org/10.1079/PNS2003241

Effect of increasing availability of water-soluble carbohydrates on in vitro rumen fermentation

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Lee, M. R. F., Merry, R. J., Davies, D. R., Moorby, J. M., Humphreys, M. O., Theodorou, M. K., MacRae, J. C. and Scollan, N. D. 2003. Effect of increasing availability of water-soluble carbohydrates on in vitro rumen fermentation. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 104 (1-4), pp. 59-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-8401(02)00319-X

Rumen metabolism and nitrogen flow to the small intestine in steers offered Lolium perenne containing different levels of water-soluble carbohydrate

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Lee, M. R. F., Harris, L. J., Moorby, J. M., Humphreys, M. O., Theodorou, M. K., MacRae, J. C. and Scollan, N. D. 2002. Rumen metabolism and nitrogen flow to the small intestine in steers offered Lolium perenne containing different levels of water-soluble carbohydrate. Animal Science. 74 (3), pp. 587-596. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1357729800052747

In vitro investigation into the nutritive value of Lolium perenne bred for an elevated concentration of water-soluble carbohydrate and the added effect of sample processing: freeze-dried and ground vs. frozen and thawed

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Lee, M. R. F., Brooks, A. E., Moorby, J. M., Humphreys, M. O., Theodorou, M. K., MacRae, J. C. and Scollan, N. D. 2002. In vitro investigation into the nutritive value of Lolium perenne bred for an elevated concentration of water-soluble carbohydrate and the added effect of sample processing: freeze-dried and ground vs. frozen and thawed. Animal Research. 51 (4), pp. 269-277. https://doi.org/10.1051/animres:2002023

Development and mapping of SSR markers for maize

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Sharopova, N., Mcmullen, M. D., Schultz, L., Schroeder, S., Sanchez-Villeda, H., Gardiner, J., Bergstrom, D., Houchins, K., Melia-Hancock, S., Musket, T., Duru, N., Polacco, M., Edwards, K. J., Ruff, T., Register, J. C., Brouwer, C., Thompson, R., Velasco, R., Chin, E., Lee, M. R. F., Woodman-Clikeman, W., Long, M. J., Liscum, E., Cone, K., Davis, G. and Coe, E. H. Jr 2002. Development and mapping of SSR markers for maize. Plant Molecular Biology. 48 (5-6), pp. 463-481.

Production responses from lambs grazed on Lolium perenne selected for an elevated water-soluble carbohydrate concentration

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Lee, M. R. F., Jones , E. L., Moorby, J. M., Humphreys, M. O., Theodorou, M. K., MacRae, J. C. and Scollan, N. D. 2001. Production responses from lambs grazed on Lolium perenne selected for an elevated water-soluble carbohydrate concentration. Animal Research. 50 (6), pp. 441-449. https://doi.org/10.1051/animres:2001106