A novel substitution 1381V in the sterol 14alpha-demethylase (CYP51) of Mycosphaerella graminicola is differentially selected by azole fungicides

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Fraaije, B. A., Cools, H. J., Kim, S-H., Motteram, J., Clark, W. S. and Lucas, J. A. 2007. A novel substitution 1381V in the sterol 14alpha-demethylase (CYP51) of Mycosphaerella graminicola is differentially selected by azole fungicides. Molecular Plant Pathology. 8 (3), pp. 245-254. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1364-3703.2007.00388.X

AuthorsFraaije, B. A., Cools, H. J., Kim, S-H., Motteram, J., Clark, W. S. and Lucas, J. A.
Abstract

The recent reduction in the efficacy of azole fungicides in controlling Septoria leaf blotch of wheat, caused by Mycosphaerella graminicola, has prompted concerns over possible development of resistance, particularly in light of the recent emergence of widespread resistance to quinone outside inhibitors (QoIs). We have recently implicated alterations in the target-encoding sterol 14 alpha-demethylase protein (CYP51), and over-expression of genes encoding efflux pumps, in reducing sensitivity to the azole class of sterol demethylation inhibitors (DMIs) in M. graminicola. Here we report on the prevalence and selection of two CYP51 alterations, substitution I381V and deletion of codons 459 and 460 (Delta Y459/G460), in populations of M. graminicola. Neither alteration has previously been identified in human or plant pathogenic fungi resistant to azoles. The presence of Delta Y459/G460 showed a continuous distribution of EC50 values across isolates with either I381 or V381, and had no measurable effect on azole sensitivity. Data linking fungicide sensitivity with the presence of I381V in M. graminicola show for the first time that a particular CYP51 alteration is differentially selected by different azoles in field populations of a plant pathogen. Substitution I381V although not an absolute requirement for reduced azole sensitivity, is selected by tebuconazole and difenoconazole treatment, suggesting an adaptive advantage in the presence of these two compounds. Prochloraz treatments appeared to select negatively for I381V, whereas other azole treatments did not or only weakly impacted on the prevalence of this substitution. These findings suggest treatments with different members of the azole class of fungicides could offer a resistance management strategy.

KeywordsPlant Sciences
Year of Publication2007
JournalMolecular Plant Pathology
Journal citation8 (3), pp. 245-254
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1364-3703.2007.00388.X
PubMed ID20507496
Open accessPublished as ‘gold’ (paid) open access
FunderBiotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
Funder project or codeCentre for Sustainable Pest and Disease Management (PDM)
Understanding the evolution and dynamics of fungicide resistance development in cereal pathogens
Understanding evolution and selection of azole resistance mechanisms in UK populations of Mycosphaerella graminicola
Publisher's version
Output statusPublished
Publication dates
Online19 Feb 2007
PublisherWiley
ISSN1464-6722

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