Alterations in the predicted regulatory and coding regions of the sterol 14alpha-demethylase gene (CYP51) confer decreased azole sensitivity in the oilseed rape pathogen Pyrenopeziza brassicae

A - Papers appearing in refereed journals

Carter, H. E., Fraaije, B. A., West, J. S., Kelly, S. L., Mehl, A., Shaw, M. W. and Cools, H. J. 2014. Alterations in the predicted regulatory and coding regions of the sterol 14alpha-demethylase gene (CYP51) confer decreased azole sensitivity in the oilseed rape pathogen Pyrenopeziza brassicae. Molecular Plant Pathology. 15 (5), pp. 513-522. https://doi.org/10.1111/mpp.12106

AuthorsCarter, H. E., Fraaije, B. A., West, J. S., Kelly, S. L., Mehl, A., Shaw, M. W. and Cools, H. J.
Abstract

The incidence and severity of light leaf spot epidemics caused by the ascomycete fungus Pyrenopeziza brassicae on UK oilseed rape crops are increasing. The disease is currently controlled by a combination of host resistance, cultural practices and fungicide applications. We report decreases in sensitivity of modern UK P. brassicae isolates to the azole (imidazole and triazole) class of fungicides. By cloning and sequencing the P. brassicae CYP51 (PbCYP51) gene, encoding the azole target sterol 14 alpha-demethylase, we identified two non-synonymous mutations encoding substitutions G460S and S508T associated with reduced azole sensitivity. We confirmed the impact of the encoded PbCYP51 changes on azole sensitivity and protein activity by heterologous expression in a Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutant YUG37:erg11 carrying a controllable promoter of native CYP51 expression. In addition, we identified insertions in the predicted regulatory regions of PbCYP51 in isolates with reduced azole sensitivity. The presence of these insertions was associated with enhanced transcription of PbCYP51 in response to subinhibitory concentrations of the azole fungicide tebuconazole. Genetic analysis of in vitro crosses of sensitive and resistant isolates confirmed the impact of PbCYP51 alterations in coding and regulatory sequences on a reduced sensitivity phenotype, as well as identifying a second major gene at another locus contributing to resistance in some isolates. The least sensitive field isolates carry combinations of upstream insertions and non-synonymous mutations, suggesting that PbCYP51 evolution is ongoing and the progressive decline in azole sensitivity of UK P. brassicae populations will continue. The implications for the future control of light leaf spot are discussed.

KeywordsPlant Sciences
Year of Publication2014
JournalMolecular Plant Pathology
Journal citation15 (5), pp. 513-522
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1111/mpp.12106
PubMed ID24298976
Open accessPublished as ‘gold’ (paid) open access
FunderBiotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
Bayer
Funder project or codeDelivering Sustainable Systems (SS) [ISPG]
Project: 2942
Publisher's version
PublisherWiley
ISSN1464-6722

Permalink - https://repository.rothamsted.ac.uk/item/8qz34/alterations-in-the-predicted-regulatory-and-coding-regions-of-the-sterol-14alpha-demethylase-gene-cyp51-confer-decreased-azole-sensitivity-in-the-oilseed-rape-pathogen-pyrenopeziza-brassicae

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